Stras: Serous Fluid

Question 1

The primary purpose of serous fluid is:
A. Removal of waste products
B. Lowering of capillary pressure
C. Lubrication of serous membranes
D. Nourishing serous membranes

Answer 1

C. Lubrication of serous membranes

Question 2

The membrane that lines the wall of a cavity is the:
A. Visceral
B. Peritoneal
C. Pleural
D. Parietal

Answer 2

D. Parietal

Question 3

During normal production of serous fluid, the slight excess of fluid is:
A. Absorbed by the lymphatic system
B. Absorbed through the visceral capillaries
C. Stored in the mesothelial cells
D. Metabolized by the mesothelial cells

Answer 3

A. Absorbed by the lymphatic system

Question 4

Production of serous fluid is controlled by:
A. Capillary oncotic pressure
B. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
C. Capillary permeability
D. All of the above

Answer 4

D. All of the above

Question 5

An increase in the amount of serous fluid is called a/an:
A. Exudate
B. Transudate
C. Effusion
D. Malignancy

Answer 5

C. Effusion

Question 6

Pleural fluid is collected by:
A. Pleurocentesis
B. Paracentesis
C. Pericentesis
D. Thoracentesis

Answer 6

D. Thoracentesis

Question 7

Caused by increased capillary permeability

Answer 7

Exudate

Question 8

Caused by increased hydrostatic pressure

Answer 8

Transudate

Question 9

Caused by decreased oncotic pressure

Answer 9

Transudate

Question 10

Caused by congestive heart failure

Answer 10

Transudate

Question 11

Malignancy related

Answer 11

Exudate

Question 12

Tuberculosis related

Answer 12

Exudate

Question 13

Nephrotic syndrome related

Answer 13

Transudate

Question 14

Cloudy appearance

Answer 14

Exudate

Question 15

Fluid-to–serum protein and lactic dehydrogenase ratios are performed on serous fluids:
A. When malignancy is suspected
B. To classify transudates and exudates
C. To determine the type of serous fluid
D. When a traumatic tap has occurred

Answer 15

B. To classify transudates and exudates

Question 16

Which of the following requires the most additional testing?
A. Transudate
B. Exudate

Answer 16

B. Exudate

Question 17

An additional test performed on pleural fluid to classify the fluid as a transudate or exudate is the:
A. WBC count
B. RBC count
C. Fluid-to-cholesterol ratio
D. Fluid-to–serum protein gradient

Answer 17

C. Fluid-to-cholesterol ratio

Question 18

A milky-appearing pleural fluid is indicative of:
A. Thoracic duct leakage
B. Chronic inflammation
C. Microbial infection
D. Both A and B

Answer 18

D. Both A and B

Question 19

Which of the following best represents a hemothorax?
A. Blood HCT: 42 Fluid HCT: 15
B. Blood HCT: 42 Fluid HCT: 10
C. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 10
D. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 20

Answer 19

D. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 20

Question 20

All of the following are normal cells seen in pleural fluid except:
A. Mesothelial cells
B. Neutrophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Mesothelioma cells

Answer 20

D. Mesothelioma cells

Question 21

A differential observation of pleural fluid associated with tuberculosis is:
A. Increased neutrophils
B. Decreased lymphocytes
C. Decreased mesothelial cells
D. Increased mesothelial cells

Answer 21

C. Decreased mesothelial cells

Question 22

A differential observation of pleural fluid associated with tuberculosis is:
A. Increased neutrophils
B. Decreased lymphocytes
C. Decreased mesothelial cells
D. Increased mesothelial cells

Answer 22

C. Decreased mesothelial cells

Question 23

All of the following are characteristics of malignant cells except:
A. Cytoplasmic molding
B. Absence of nucleoli
C. Mucin-containing vacuoles
D. Increased N:C ratio

Answer 23

B. Absence of nucleoli

Question 24

A pleural fluid pH of 6.0 is indicative of:
A. Esophageal rupture
B. Mesothelioma
C. Malignancy
D. Rheumatoid effusion

Answer 24

A. Esophageal rupture

Question 25

A mesothelioma cell seen in pleural fluid indicates: A. Bacterial endocarditis B. Primary malignancy C. Metastatic lung malignancy D. Tuberculosis infection

Answer 25

B. Primary malignancy

Question 26

Another name for a peritoneal effusion is: A. Peritonitis B. Lavage C. Ascites D. Cirrhosis

Answer 26

C. Ascites

Question 27

The test performed on peritoneal lavage fluid is: A. WBC count B. RBC count C. Absolute neutrophil count D. Amylase

Answer 27

B. RBC count

Question 28

The recommended test for determining if peritoneal fluid is a transudate or an exudate is the: A. Fluid-to–serum albumin ratio B. Serum ascites albumin gradient C. Fluid-to–serum lactic dehydrogenase ratio D. Absolute neutrophil count

Answer 28

B. Serum ascites albumin gradient

Question 29

Given the following results, classify this peritoneal fluid: serum albumin, 2.2 g/dL; serum protein, 6.0 g/dL; fluid albumin, 1.6 g/dL. A. Transudate B. Exudate

Answer 29

B. Exudate

Question 30

Differentiation between bacterial peritonitis and cirrhosis is done by performing a/an: A. WBC count B. Differential C. Absolute neutrophil count D. Absolute lymphocyte count

Answer 30

C. Absolute neutrophil count

Question 31

Detection of the CA 125 tumor marker in peritoneal fluid is indicative of: A. Colon cancer B. Ovarian cancer C. Gastric malignancy D. Prostate cancer

Answer 31

B. Ovarian cancer

Question 32

Chemical tests primarily performed on peritoneal fluid include all of the following except: A. Lactose dehydrogenase B. Glucose C. Alkaline phosphatase D. Amylase

Answer 32

A. Lactose dehydrogenase

Question 33

Cultures of peritoneal fluid are incubated: A. Aerobically B. Anaerobically C. At 37C and 42C D. Both A and B

Answer 33

D. Both A and B