Study Guide For Exam 2

Question 0

3 types of cells are?

Answer 0

1. Archae
2. Prokaryotes
3. Eukaryotes

Question 1

3 parts of cell theroy

Answer 1

1. a cell is the smallest unit of life
2. all living thing are made up of cells
3. all cells arise from previous cells

Question 2

How long ago did cells originate?

How long ago before we see the cells today?

Answer 2

3.5 billion years ago the 1st cell was discovored

2 million years ago we see the same cells as we see today

Question 3

Halophies

Answer 3

extreme salt conditions

Question 4

psycrophiles

Answer 4

extreme cold

Question 5

acidophiles

Answer 5

low ph

Question 6

Barophiles

Answer 6

extreme pressure

Question 7

xerophiles

Answer 7

grow in very little water

Question 8

Alkaphiles

Answer 8

high ph

Question 9

Anaerobes

Answer 9

little o2

Question 10

Facultative anerobes

Answer 10

w or w/o o2

Question 11

Endolithes

Answer 11

rocky minerals

Question 12

Thermophiles

Answer 12

high temps

Question 13

What is apoptosis?

Answer 13

cell death, self defense mechanism

Question 14

Where is the ATP produced?

Answer 14

Mitochondria

Question 15

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 15

C6 H12 O6+O2->Energy+CO2+H2O

Question 16

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 16

CO2+Energy+H2O->C6 H12 O6+O2

Question 17

How many ATP total?

Answer 17

36

Question 18

What are the steps of cellular respiration?

Answer 18

1. Glycosis
2. Krebs Cycle
3. ETC

Question 19

Where does glycosis take place?

Answer 19

Cytoplasm

Question 20

Where does the krebs cycle take place?

Answer 20

mitochondia

Question 21

where does ect take place?

Answer 21

mitochondria

Question 22

How many ATP does Glycosis yeild?

Answer 22

2 ATP

Question 23

How many ATP does Krebs Cycle yeild?

Answer 23

2 ATP

Question 24

How many ATP does ETC produce?

Answer 24

32 ATP

Question 25

Steps of Apoptosis

Answer 25

1. Stimulus of cell internal/external 2. organelle membranes begin to break down dna is exposed mitochondria leak out & stop energy production ER releases its calcium 3. Activation of cytoplasmic enzymes destroy macromolecules riot within the cell enzymes attack one another 4. cell itself will tear itself into chunks flopsasis enzyme will break up the cell

Question 26

What is the 1st step of apoptosis?

Answer 26

Stimulus. Internal/External - Initiation

Question 27

What is the 2nd step in apoptosis?

Answer 27

organelle membranes begin to breakdown, dna is exposed. mitochondria leak out & enhance apoptosis. stops energy production er releases its calcuim

Question 28

3rd step of apoptosis?

Answer 28

activation of cytoplasmic enzymes -distroy macromolecules riot within the cell enzymes attack eachother

Question 29

What is the 4th step of apoptosis?

Answer 29

cell itself will tear itself into chunks flopsasis enzyme that breaks up the cell

Question 30

Cytoplasm

Answer 30

fluid environment of the cell, maintains temperature, allows chemical reaction to occur.

Question 31

What is cystol?

Answer 31

water and solutes

Question 32

plasma membrane

Answer 32

physical boundary around the cell, controls interactions w/ enviroment

Question 33

Nucleoid

Answer 33

region where dna is located

Question 34

Ribosomes

Answer 34

Protein production sites non membrane bound organelle common in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Question 35

Inclusion bodies

Answer 35

storage sites

Question 36

cell wall

Answer 36

varys in density made of pepto glycan prevents the cell from overfilling

Question 37

outer/externam membrane

Answer 37

used for attaching of surfaces

Question 38

slime layer

Answer 38

mucus jelly used to attach to surfaces

Question 39

flagella

Answer 39

tail like extensions of the cell whip back and forth to propel the cell

Question 40

pili

Answer 40

many all over the cells surface used as attachment to exchange genetic info

Question 41

What is AMP

Answer 41

Adenosine Mono Phosphate

Question 42

What is ADP?

Answer 42

Adenosine DI Phosphate

Question 43

What is ATP

Answer 43

Adenosine TRI Phosphate