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Microbiology > Study Tips - Flashcards Lippincott > Flashcards

Study Tips - Flashcards Lippincott

0
Q

MCCs of conjunctivitis:

A
  1. H.influenza
  2. Adenovirus
  3. S.pneumoniae
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1
Q

Causes of common cold:

A
  1. Rhinovirus
  2. Coronavirus
  3. Adenovirus
  4. Influenza C virus
  5. Coxsackievirus
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2
Q

Five MC pediatric diseases with rash:

A
  1. Measles - Measles virus
  2. Rubella - Rubella virus
  3. Scarlet fever - S.pyogenes
  4. Roseola - HHV-6
  5. Erythema infectiosum - B19
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3
Q

Major difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

A

HSV-1 –> Above the waist –> Eye and mouth lesions.
HSV-2 –> Below the waist –> Genital lesions.
(Oral-genital sex can reverse the two).

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4
Q

Organisms that cross the placenta and therefore allow infection to pass from pregnant mother to fetus (TORCHES):

A 
TOxoplasmosis
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
HErpes, HIV
Syphilis
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5
Q

MC viral cause of mental retardation in US:

A

CMV

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6
Q

HBV, HCV, HDV have:

A
  1. Blood transmission
  2. Chronic carrier state
  3. Cirrhosis
  4. HCC
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7
Q

MCCs of aseptic meningitis:

A
  1. Coxsackievirus
  2. Echovirus
  3. Mumps virus
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8
Q

Palm & sole rash:

A
  1. Syphilis
  2. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
  3. Coxsackievirus
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9
Q

HAV, HEV have:

A
  1. Oral transmission
  2. No chronic carrier state
  3. No cirrhosis
  4. No HCC
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10
Q

MCC of infectious diarrhea in infants and children?

A

Rotaviruses.

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11
Q

What includes the differential diagnosis of colorado tick virus?

A
  1. Rocky Mountain spotted fever

2. Tularemia

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12
Q

What are the 3 viridae included in Arboviruses (ARthropod BOrne virus)?

A
  1. Togaviridae –> EEE, WEE, VEE.
  2. Flaviviidae –> West nile, yellow fever, dengue fever, St.Louis encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis
  3. Bunyaviridae –> California encephalitis, Rift Valley fever, Sandfly fever
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13
Q

MC human disease caused by an arbovirus:

A

Dengue fever

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14
Q

MCC of epidemic encephalitis:

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

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15
Q

MCCs of pneumonia in young children:

A
  1. RSV

2. Parainfluenza virus

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16
Q

MCCs of aseptic meningitis:

A
  1. Coxsackievirus
  2. Echovirus
  3. Mumps virus
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17
Q

MC helminthic infection:

A

Ascariasis - Ascaris lumbricoides

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18
Q

MC parasitic cause of myocarditis:

A

Trichinosis - Trichinella spiralis

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19
Q

MCCs of cystitis among sexually active women:

A
  1. E.coli

2. S.saprophyticus

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20
Q

When you see endocarditis with a prosthetic valve, think:

A

S.epidermidis WITHIN 60 days of valve replacement.

Viridans strep AFTER 60 days of valve replacement.

21
Q

MCCs of neonatal meningitis:

A
  1. Group B strep
  2. E.coli
  3. Listeria
22
Q

Common causes of pneumonia in adults (40-65):

A
  1. S.pneumo
  2. H.influenza
  3. Legionella
23
Q

Common causes of pneumonia in elderly (>65):

A
  1. S.pneumoniae
  2. Gram(-) rods
  3. H.influenza
24
Q

MCCs of meningitis in 60+ yrs:

A
  1. S.pneumoniae
  2. Gram(-) rods
  3. Listeria
25
Q

What is important about Listeria and Bacteroides?

A

Listeria –> Only Gram(+) with endotoxin.

Bacteroides –> Only Gram(-) without TYPICAL endotoxin.

26
Q

MCCs of meningitis 6-60yrs:

A
  1. N.meningitis
  2. Enterovirus
  3. S.pneumoniae
27
Q

Similar nosocomial infections to K.pneumonia:

A

Serratia marcascens and Enterobacter

28
Q

MCCs of neonatal meningitis:

A
  1. GBS
  2. E.coli
  3. Listeria
29
Q

MCCs of neonatal pneumonia:

A
  1. GBS

2. E.coli

30
Q

4 “F’s” of Shigella transmission:

A

Fingers, flies, food, feces.

31
Q

3 Common causes of diarrhea:

A
  1. Rotavirus
  2. C.jejuni
  3. ETEC
32
Q

MCCs of meningitis in 6 months - 6 yrs:

A
  1. S.pneumoniae
  2. N.meningitis
  3. H.influenza type B - Hib vaccine has reduced incidence.
33
Q

Common causes of atypical pneumonia:

A
  1. Mycoplasma
  2. Legionella
  3. Chlamydia
  4. Viruses
34
Q

The only live-attenuated vaccines for BACTERIA:

A
  1. F.tularensis

2. BCG for TB

35
Q

Palm and sole rash:

A
  1. Syphilis
  2. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
  3. Coxsackievirus
36
Q

MC diseases in the U.S. spread by vectors:

A
  1. Lyme disease
  2. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
  3. Tularemia
37
Q

MCCs of pneumonia in adults:

A
  1. Mycoplasma
  2. C.pneumoniae
  3. S.pneumoniae
38
Q

Difference between Chlamydiae and Rickettsiae:

A

Chlamydiae –> replicate within inclusion bodies.

Rickettsiae –> within cytoplasm.

39
Q

Common causes of non gonococcal urethritis:

A
  1. C.trachomatis

2. Ureaplasma urealyticum

40
Q

MCC of fungal meningitis:

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

41
Q

Diarrhea caused by protozoa:

A

Bloody –> E.histolytica
Fatty –> G.lamblia
Watery –> C.parvum

42
Q

MCC of aseptic meningitis:

A
  1. Coxsackievirus
  2. Echovirus
  3. Mumps virus
43
Q

MCC of infectious diarrhea in infants and young children:

A

Rotavirus

44
Q

MC disease by an arbovirus:

A

Dengue fever

45
Q

MCC of epidemic encephalitis:

A

Japanese encephalitis virus.

46
Q

MCC of pneumonia in young children:

A
  1. RSV

2. Parainfluenza virus

47
Q

Exotoxins that cause INCREASED cAMP/cGMP:

A

V.cholerae –> cholera toxin.
E.coli (LT toxin and ST toxin)
B.pertussis –> Pertussis toxin

48
Q

Exotoxins that inhibits protein synthesis:

A
  1. C.diphtheriae –> Diphtheria toxin
  2. P.aeruginosa –> Exotoxin A
  3. S.dysenteriae –> Shiga toxin
  4. E.coli –> Shiga-like toxin
49
Q

Exotoxins that block the release of neurotransmitters:

A
  1. C.tetani –> tetanospasmin

2. C.botulinum –> Botulinum toxin

Microbiology (46 decks)

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