Superpowers - EQ1 - Soft Power 30 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the soft power 30
A
- In 2019, a report was produced which showed the 30 most influential countries based on their ‘soft’ power
2
Q
What was the UK’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
A
- 2019 - 2nd - 79.47
- 2016 - 2nd - 75.97
3
Q
What was the USA’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
A
- 2019 - 5th - 77.40
- 2016 - 1st - 77.96
4
Q
What was France’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
A
- 2019 - 1st - 80.28
- 2016 - 5th - 72.14
5
Q
What was Japan’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
A
- 2019 - 8th - 75.71
- 2016 - 7th - 67.78
6
Q
What are the human charcteristics from which France’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- rich history of cultural, political & economic influence
- dominant colonial power of 80 colonies
- strong & diverse economy
- member of G7 groups –> provides leverage in global affairs
7
Q
What are the human charcteristics from which Japan’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- 3rd largest economy
- GDP $4.25 billion
- economic power provides investment capabilities
- finanical stability enhancing its geopolitical power & influence
- Japans technological advancements
8
Q
What are the human charcteristics from which the UK’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- major institutes like the BBC World Service & British Council retains the ability to drive global action via membership of international organisation like the UN security council & Commonwealth & NATO
9
Q
What are the human charcteristics from which the USA’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- 1.4 million active military personnel
- GDP per capita $76,330
- Unemployment rate of 3.9%
10
Q
What are the physical charcteristics from which France’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- borders 8 countries facilitating trade & connectivity
- natural resources abundant - coal, iron, uranium
- coastline - access to maritime traderoutes
- energy secure –> nuclear power, geopolitical influence
11
Q
What are the physical charcteristics from which Japan’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- very mountainous - 3/4 of its land –> military advantage
- vast fising resources bordering the Pacific Ocean
12
Q
What are the physical charcteristics from which the UK’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- island with easy accessibility & established infrastructure,
13
Q
What are the physical charcteristics from which the USA’s geopolitical power stems from
A
- tropical climate & in some
- 60% of electricity is from fossil fuels
- high vegetation
- 21% from renewable sources
14
Q
What characteristics have helped place France as 1st in 2019
A
- strong presidential leadership admist wider geopolitical uncertainity e.g rising fuel prices
- French culture continues amass enormous global appeal
15
Q
What characteristics have helped place Japan as 8th in 2019
A
- hosted the G20 summit in 2019 discussing financial issues
- 2019 Rugby wold cup
- strong performances in engagement & culture sub-indicies
16
Q
What characteristics have helped place the UK as 2nd in 2019
A
- despite Brexit the Uk continues to perform well across engagement, culture, education & digital sub indicies
- UK tech companies secured record high foreign investments & has many companies thriving in fiercely competitive markets
- Govt has been pushing ‘global Britain’ narrative aggressively in response to claims of a more inward looking post Brexit Britain
17
Q
What characteristics have helped place the USA as 5th in 2019
A
- most dominant in culture, education & capital
- more top ranked unis than any other country
- hosts the most international students
- tech based innovation & digital diplomacy
18
Q
What are examples of France exerting hard power
A
- most successful military power in Europe
- military alliances - NATO & EU
- 8th largest defence budget
19
Q
What are examples of Japan exerting hard power
A
- alliance between Japan, China & NK after WW2
- approx 250,000 military personnel
- revise the ban on collective self-defense, which goes hand in hand with reassessing arms exports, new partnerships, and counterterrorism policies
- provide $200 million of non-lethal humanitarian aid to countries fighting ISIS
20
Q
What are examples of the UK exerting hard power
A
- member of NATO
- £22 billion generated in defence annually
- military action with Iraq war & Afghanistan
- shipment of missiles to Ukraine
21
Q
What are examples of the USA exerting hard power
A
- member of NATO & OAS
- Japan & US security treaty
- hrad power policy with Iraq & Afghanistan
22
Q
What are examples of France exerting soft power
A
- extensive diplomatic reach
- rich cultural offering - 1st in soft power 30
- global media & film industry
- strong international statemanship of President Macron
23
Q
What are examples of Japan exerting soft power
A
- state monitored broadcasting introduced in 1939 & regular in 1950
- core value of the elderly & resilience ppropaganda
- 80% of people follow shinto rituals
- TNCs like toyota & panasonic
24
Q
What are examples of the UK exerting soft power
A
- top unis - 2nd largest n. of international students
- british art, film, music & sport continue to hold enormous global appeal
- e.g PL & Harry Potter
25
What are examples of the USA exerting soft power
* TNCS like apple, walmart & ford motot
* media like Facebook
* values such as individualism, equality, respect & international peace
26
What was Russia's soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
* 2019 - 30th
* 2016 - 27th
27
What was Brazil's soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
* 2019 - 26th
* 2016 - 24th
28
What was China's soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
* 2019 - 27th
* 2016 - 28th
29
What are the human charcteristics from which France's geopolitical power stems from
* rich history of cultural, political & economic influence
* strong & diverse economy
* Alliance Francais - promotes French culture & lanuage globally
30
What are the human charcteristics from which Russia's geopolitical power stems from
* strong military power
* advanced weaponry
* technologically advanced
31
What are the human charcteristics from which Brazil's geopolitical power stems from
* 123 million catholics
* representative democracy
31
What are the human charcteristics from which China's geopolitical power stems from
* large population & skilled workforce
* rapid economic growth & technological advancements - 10% a year
32
What are the physical charcteristics from which Russia's geopolitical power stems from
* energy superpower - worlds largest natural gas reserves
* 2nd largest coal reserves
* 8th largest oil shale reserves in Europe
33
What are the physical characteristics from which Brazil's geopolitical power stems from
* Brazil contains most of the amazon river basin, & extensive rainforest
34
What are the physical charcteristics from which China's geopolitical power stems from
* hydroelectric power from Yangtze river
* large territory has many borers
* vast coal reserves - 143.2 billion
35
What characteristics have helped place the China as 27th in 2019
* rising economic power
* 8th in education - has led global edutech investment since 2015, facilitating 400 million students
* cultural dominance
36
What characteristics have helped place the Brazil 26th in 2019
* agroculture & commodity powerhouse & supplies soybeans coffee & sugar locally
* unemployment was 9.46%
* 214 million population, prodominantly in primary employment
37
What characteristics have helped place Russia as 30th in 2019
* 2018 world cup
* one of the largest global diplomatic networks
* global audience do not perceive them as a trustworthy force
* continued disinformation campaign across the west & the middle east
38
What are examples of Brazil exerting soft power
* leveraged its cultural capital & indigenous heritage through the José Bonifácio Institute and exported Brazilian culture abroad
* Nationwide protests against spending freezes and cuts to higher education emphasise postive initiatives for change
38
What are examples of Russia exerting soft power
* 50% of TV & media is stateowned
* The Russian Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) presidency programme for 2012-2013 ---> promote trade, ecology, cross-border cooperation, people-to-people contacts and protection of children's rights,
* exporting Russian traditions of inter-ethic and inter-religious tolerance and multiculturalism
* facilitation of visa regimes
* The Ukrainian crisis, however, has undermined Russia's soft power efforts in Europe and other regions
39
What are examples of China exerting soft power
* cultural juggernaut
* media influence - state owned media outlets to dessimate narratives & shape public opinion
* sports tourismm - 2nd highest n. of olympic medals in 2016
40
What are examples of Russia exerting hard power
* 1 million active personnel of soldiers
* maintains strong relations with Belarus, India China NK & South Africa
* $84 billion military budget
41
What are examples of China exerting hard power
* 2nd largst military budget
* supports Autoritarian regimes e.g Myanmar
42
What are examples of Brazil exerting hard power
* active military personnel of 360,000
* G4 member - nations have formed a coalition to advocate for reforms in the United Nations Security Council & strive for permanent seats on the council
