Surgical Techniques - Preoperative Routine, Post-Anesthesia Care, and Related Nursing Procedures 1-B

Question 1

nothing by mouth

Answer 1

NPO

Question 2

liberated or uncontrolled

Answer 2

emancipated

Question 3

a recording of the x-ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after the intravenous injection of radiopaque contrast medium

Answer 3

angiogram

Question 4

to develop or grow in intensity at a rate that constitutes an emergency

Answer 4

emergent

Question 5

designated room or area where patients wait prior to being admitted to the operating room

Answer 5

preoperative holding area

Question 6

the scientific study of poisons, their detection, their effects, and the method of treatment for conditions they produce

Answer 6

toxicology

Question 7

an endovascular procedure that re-opens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow

Answer 7

angioplasty

Question 8

level of force blood exerted against an artery wall or the wall of any vessel as the heart beats at the height of the pulse wave

Answer 8

blood pressure

Question 9

a radiograph of the ureter and renal pelvis after the injection of radiopaque contrast medium

Answer 9

pyelogram

Question 10

an x-ray of detailed tissue structure cross-sections or slices that are used to construct a 3-dimensional image

Answer 10

computerized axial tomography (CT)

Question 11

medical imaging that uses nuclear magnetic resonance as its source of energy

Answer 11

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 12

the surgical removal of tonsils and adenoids

Answer 12

T&A (tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy)

Question 13

a graphic recording of the electrical activity of the muscle of the heart to detect abnormalities

Answer 13

electrocardiogram

Question 14

postoperative care unit

Answer 14

PACU

Question 15

All oral intake is discontinued as ordered for at least _____ to _____ hours prior to surgery.

Answer 15

6 to 8

Question 16

Ideally, the surgeon and ________ should visit the patient prior to surgery.

Answer 16

anesthesiologist

Question 17

Preoperative visits by the surgeon or assistant help lessen the patient’s fear and anxiety by allowing the patient to _____ ______.

Answer 17

ask questions

Question 18

False nails or _____ should be removed to allow the observation of the nail beds during surgery.

Answer 18

polish

Question 19

Special preparations such as preoperative douches or _____ are performed as ordered by the surgeon or physician.

Answer 19

enemas

Question 20

A shower with _______ solution should be performed by the patient the night before or the morning of the surgical procedure.

Answer 20

antimicrobial

Question 21

Preoperative enemas are used in procedures involving the gastro-intestinal and _____ areas.

Answer 21

vaginal/gynecological

Question 22

The preoperative douche cleanses the _____ area.

Answer 22

vaginal

Question 23

_____ _____ is performed immediately before surgery, since there is less time for inflammation and _____, should the skin be compromised.

Answer 23

Hair removal

infection

Question 24

Preoperative medication helps reduce secretion of saliva and gastric juices and prevents _____.

Answer 24

nausea

Question 25

Explains the risks and benefits of the procedures.

Answer 25

informed surgical consent

Question 26

authorizes the use of an experimental drug, chemical agent, or medial device on the patient

Answer 26

investigative/research device consent

Question 27

authorizes the attending physician and staff to render standard treatment or miscellaneous procedures

Answer 27

general medical consent

Question 28

authorizes the facility to administer blood and blood products if needed before, during, or after the surgical procedure

Answer 28

blood transfusion consent

Question 29

authorizes proper disposal of an amputated extremity

Answer 29

specimen/limb disposal consent

Question 30

authorizes a voluntary reproductive procedure

Answer 30

sterilization consent

Question 31

Crosscheck information on the patient chart, ensuring that patient name, procedure, surgeon, and _____ match.

Answer 31

site

Question 32

Assess patient's physical and _____ status; signs of distress can affect the course of surgery.

Answer 32

emotional

Question 33

To establish a baseline, take and document the _____ _____ on the patient chart.

Answer 33

vital signs

Question 34

Ensure the patient has _____ or _____ before putting on a hospital gown.

Answer 34

bathed or showered

Question 35

Remove all patient jewelry, body piercings, wigs, and _____ devices and label for safekeeping and patient safety.

Answer 35

prosthetics

Question 36

Ensure that the patient is in a _____ hospital gown.

Answer 36

clean

Question 37

If ordered by the physician, apply special (anti-embolic) stockings or elastic bandages to the _____ extremities to prevent blood clots.

Answer 37

lower

Question 38

Ensure the patient has ____ prior to surgery, recording the time on the preoperative checklist.

Answer 38

voided

Question 39

Place bed in its _____ position with the side rails _____ after patient has received pre-op medications.

Answer 39

lowest | highest

Question 40

All _____ should accompany the patient to the operating room.

Answer 40

records

Question 41

used for pediatric patients under 5 years of age

Answer 41

cribs

Question 42

used for patients who require supervision of their movement

Answer 42

beds or ward beds

Question 43

same-day surgery permit patients to walk to the OR

Answer 43

ambulation

Question 44

primarily used for out-patients

Answer 44

wheelchairs

Question 45

most common means for transporting patients

Answer 45

stretchers (gurneys)

Question 46

used to ease apprehensive young child when transporting to OR

Answer 46

wagon

Question 47

used for newborn and premature infants

Answer 47

isolettes

Question 48

Identify the patient verbally, by _____, and on chart, letting the patient know why you are there.

Answer 48

wristband

Question 49

Cover patient and apply safety strap over blanket _____ inches above the knees.

Answer 49

2

Question 50

Allow for _____ _____ or assist the patient onto the stretcher.

Answer 50

self transfer

Question 51

Secure side rails in _____ position.

Answer 51

highest

Question 52

Review the chart for _____.

Answer 52

completeness

Question 53

Push stretcher from _____ _____, facing patient in direction of travel, avoiding abrupt movements such as sharp turns or sudden stops or bumping into things.

Answer 53

head end

Question 54

When approaching inclining and declining ramps with doors, explain what is happening, then stop movement of stretcher at least _____ feet from start of incline or decline, open door, secure it and proceed with firm control of stretcher on ramps at all times.

Answer 54

2

Question 55

Walk _____ and in full control.

Answer 55

slowly

Question 56

Give special attention to _____, drains, IVs, etc.

Answer 56

catheters

Question 57

Check the _____ of the patient.

Answer 57

identity

Question 58

Request patient to verbally state name, date of birth, _____, procedure side and site, and surgeon.

Answer 58

allergies

Question 59

Verify that the _____ has marked the appropriate surgical site to ensure the correct site and side.

Answer 59

surgeon

Question 60

Surgical site marking may be waived in a life-threatening emergency at the discretion of the surgeon, but a _____ _____ should be conducted unless there is more risk than benefit for the patient.

Answer 60

time out

Question 61

Review patient's chart for the presence of history and physical, surgeon's orders, signed surgical consent, any required laboratory reports, and any _______ or interventions.

Answer 61

dx tests

Question 62

Document known allergies on chart and with an ____ _____.

Answer 62

arm band

Question 63

Report any abnormalities or discrepancies to the surgeon and/or _____ provider immediately.

Answer 63

anesthesia

Question 64

Check the _____ checklist and review with the patient to ensure accuracy.

Answer 64

pre-op

Question 65

Observe and assess the patient's _____ level.

Answer 65

anxiety

Question 66

Check vital signs, including blood pressure, temperature, pulse and _____.

Answer 66

respirations

Question 67

Identify any oral consumption prior to surgery and _____ of consumption by asking the patient.

Answer 67

time

Question 68

Convey warmth, respect, and concern for the patient by keeping the patient covered and unexposed, ensuring patient _____.

Answer 68

dignity

Question 69

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds. | systole

Answer 69

normal

Question 70

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds. | murmurs

Answer 70

abnormal

Question 71

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds. | reduplication

Answer 71

abnormal

Question 72

Distinguish between normal and abnormal heart sounds. | diastole

Answer 72

normal

Question 73

Pulse beat is the throbbing caused by the regular contraction and expansion of an _____ _____.

Answer 73

artery wall

Question 74

Normal pulse rates vary according to _____ and _____.

Answer 74

sex and age

Question 75

A heart rate (pulse) greater than ______ beats per minute is a common indicator of tachycardia.

Answer 75

100

Question 76

An indicator of _____ is a heart rate (pulse) below 60 beats per minute in an adult.

Answer 76

bradycardia

Question 77

pulse rate in women

Answer 77

72-80 bpm

Question 78

pulse rate in infants

Answer 78

110-13- bpm

Question 79

pulse rate in children over 7

Answer 79

75-90 bpm

Question 80

recorded pulse pressure

Answer 80

systolic minus diastolic

Question 81

pulse rate in men

Answer 81

60-70 bpm

Question 82

pulse rate in neonates

Answer 82

140 bpm

Question 83

ordinary, quiet respirations made without obvious effort

Answer 83

eupnea

Question 84

painful, difficult, and labored breathing

Answer 84

dyspnea

Question 85

increased rate and/or depth of respirations

Answer 85

hypernea

Question 86

cessation of breathing or lack of breathing

Answer 86

apnea

Question 87

breathing possible only when person sits or stands in an erect position

Answer 87

orthopnea

Question 88

lack of oxygen or absence of oxygen

Answer 88

hypoxia

Question 89

decreased amount of oxygen reaching the body cells

Answer 89

anoxia

Question 90

any stoppage of respirations caused by strangulation, aspiration of foreign object, or drowning

Answer 90

suffocation

Question 91

increased CO2 and decreased O2 in the body as a result of some interference with respiration

Answer 91

asphyxia

Question 92

bubbling or rattling sounds caused by mucus in the air passages as in bronchitis or pneumonia

Answer 92

rales

Question 93

alternating cycles of hypernea and apnea, often seen in critically ill or unconscious patients

Answer 93

Cheyne-Stokes

Question 94

All institutional policies, procedures and guidelines should be followed when documenting care and _____ of the patient from PACU.

Answer 94

discharge

Question 95

Written postoperative orders pertaining to the immediate care of the patient in the PACU and follow-up instructions will be completed by the _____.

Answer 95

surgeon

Question 96

Most patients will remain in the PACU for approximately one hour or until _____ _____ are stable and they have satisfactorily recovered from the effects of anesthesia.

Answer 96

vital signs

Question 97

The PACU staff is trained to recognize complications and anticipate postoperative difficulties by carefully monitoring patients until they meet _____ criteria.

Answer 97

transfer

Question 98

The patient's condition is scored using a _______ scoring system and the anesthesia provider or surgeon will determine if the patient is stable enough to be transferred from the PACU.

Answer 98

post-op

Question 99

A post-anesthesia evaluation must be completed no later than _____ hours after surgery or a procedure requiring anesthesia services.

Answer 99

48

Question 100

The post-anesthesia evaluation must occur in either the PACU/ICU or in another designated _____ location.

Answer 100

recovery