Test 2: lecture ANS

Question 1

autonomic nervous system is broken into ___

Answer 1

parasympathetic (rest and digest)
sympathetic (fight or flight)
enteric

Question 2

the vagus nerve is CN10 which is part of the ___ nervous system

Answer 2

parasympathetic (rest and digest)

Question 3

the autonomic nervous system innervates ___

Answer 3

visceral organs, smooth and cardiac muscle and glands and adipose tissue

involuntary system

Question 4

the ANS mediates ___

Answer 4

homeostasis

Question 5

The ANS has visceral ____ and visceral ___ neurons which function in visceral reflexes

Answer 5

sensory and motor

Question 6

the ANS takes at least two ___ connected in series to innervate organs. This necessitates the use of ___

Answer 6

motor neurons

peripheral ganglia

sympathetic (fight or flight)

• has one long and one medium axon (ganglion away form target organ)

parasympathetic(rest and digest

(one long axon, ganglion usually on or very close to target organ, and one very short axon

Question 7

sympathetic NS has one long and ___ axon (ganglion ___ form target organ)

Answer 7

one medium axon

is away

sympathetic= fight or flight = splanchnic nerves

Question 8

parasympathetic NS has one long axon, ganglion ___ to target organ, and one ___ axon

Answer 8

usually on or very close

very short

parasympathetic = rest and digest

vagus and pelvic nerve

Question 9

organs have dual innervation meaning they have branches from the ___ and ___

Answer 9

parasympathetic (rest and digest- vagus and pelvic))

sympathetic (fight or flight- splanchnic)

Question 10

a collection of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 10

ganglion

Question 11

___ maintenance of critical physiological parameters of the internal environment within the limits compatible with life

Answer 11

homeostasis

Question 12

rest and digest

Answer 12

parasympathetic division of the ANS

Question 13

parasympathetic division of the ANS promotes digestion, ___ and storage, protective- miosis, contriction of pupil

Answer 13

absorption

Question 14

___ conserves and restores energy reserves (anabolic)

Answer 14

parasympathetic division (rest and digest)

Question 15

___ is the constriction of the pupil and is controlled by the ___

Answer 15

miosis

parasympathetic division of the ANS (rest and digest)

Question 16

___ prepares the body for action, fight or flight

Answer 16

sympathetic division

Question 17

sympathetic division uses energy stores (____)

Answer 17

catabolic

Question 18

___ mediates responses to stress

Answer 18

sympathetic division (fight or flight)

Question 19

what organs only have sympathetic innervation

Answer 19

sweat glands, arrector pili muscles of hair, vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland and adipose tissue

(only fight or flight response)

Question 20

ANS and erectile tissue

Answer 20

parasympathetic: will cause vasodilation in erectile tissue
sympathetic: will cause ejaculation

Question 21

parasympathtic is also called the ___ divison

Answer 21

cranial, sacral division (cell bodies are in the cervical or sacral spinal cord and travel down or up to get to the abdomen)

vagosympathetic trunk → through the middle cervical ganglion → vagus from the top

from the bottom: pelvic nerve to pelvic plexus up through the hypogastric nerve

Question 22

sympathetic is called the ___ division

Answer 22

thoracic lumbar

come from vagosympathetic trunk divides at the middle cervical ganglion into the ansa subclavia into the cervicothoracic ganglion down the sympathetic trunk, over through the splanchnic nerves into the celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion in the celiacomesenteric plexus

or over into the caudal mesenteric plexus and ganglion down through the hypogastric nerve to the pelvic plexus

Question 23

sympathetic ganglion are found ___ and ___

Answer 23

T1-L4

outside away from target organ (middle cervical ganglion, cerviothoracic ganglion, celiac ganglion and cranial mesenteric ganglion (in the celiacomesenteric plexus), caudal mesenteric ganglion (in the caudal mesenteric ganglion), pelvic ganglion in the pelvic plexus

Question 24

parasympathetic ganglion are found ___

Answer 24

in the spinal cord CN 3,7,9, 10 and the sacral spinal

second ganglion usually right next to target organ (usually can’t be seen)

vagus nerve, pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve

Question 25

sensory neurons in the ANS have ___ neuron to reach the CNS

Answer 25

one (visceral afferent= from organ to brain= sensory)

Question 26

the preganglionic axon in the ANS reacts \_\_\_, the postganglionic axon is ___ and is ___ moving

Answer 26

slowly, un myelinated very slow moving (visceral efferent =visceral motor = from brain to intestines)

Question 27

craniosacral division is also called the

Answer 27

parasympathethic (rest and digest)

Question 28

Thoracolumbar division is also called the \_\_\_

Answer 28

sympathetic (fight or flight)

Question 29

the sympathetic division has ___ ganglion and ___ ganglion

Answer 29

**paravertebral** ganglion on the sympathtic trunk **prevertebral** ganglion (celiac ganglion, cranial and caudal mesenteric ganglion, pelvic ganglion)

Question 30

parasympathetic division has ___ and ___ ganglion

Answer 30

**head** **terminal (enteric)** ganglion on or right next to target organ

Question 31

Most of the nerves in the parasympathetic division are ____ because the second ganglion is on or right next to target organ

Answer 31

preganglionic (post ganglionic axon-very tiny usually within target organ wall)

Question 32

The celiac plexus has parasympathetic branches that innervate the \_\_\_

Answer 32

stomach spleen liver

Question 33

the cranial mesenteric plexus have parasympathetic nerves that innervate the \_\_\_

Answer 33

all other intestinal stuff except for stomach, spleen and liver (supplied by the celiac plexus) distal colon (supplied by the pelvic plexus)

Question 34

the sympathetic chain is linked to thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves via the ___ which have within them both pre and post ganglionic sympathetic axons.

Answer 34

communicating rami

Question 35

the ramus commincans branches off of ___ to lead to the ___ and contains

Answer 35

ventral ramus sympathetic trunk mixed nerve (both sensory and motor axons)

Question 36

there are two branches off the spinal cord which one has a ganglion and what type of nerves does it carry

Answer 36

dorsal and ventral dorsal root ganglion (sensory only) Ventral root (motor only)

Question 37

when will somatic motor nerves “turn around”

Answer 37

VE axons (visceral efferent- part of the sympathetic NS (fight or flight)) will come out of ventral root, down communicating ramus, synapse on the paravertebral ganglion turn around and then come out later to innervate skin (blood vessels, sweat glands, arrector pili muscle)

Question 38

splanchnic nerve pre or post ganglionic?

Answer 38

**pre** (will synapse at a preverteral ganglion (away from spinal cord)) splanchnic= sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)

Question 39

where will splanchnic nerves synapse?

Answer 39

cervicothoracic ganglion celiac ganglion cranial and caudal ganglion pelvic ganglion

Question 40

somatic afferent are \_\_\_

Answer 40

sensory (come from outside to brain (will go through dorsal root ganglion into the spinal cord)

Question 41

visceral afferent are

Answer 41

sensory from the organs to the brain visceral reflexes will travel through the dorsal root ganglion, dorsal root and into the spinal cord

Question 42

sympathetic: the post ganglionic neuron releases what \_\_\_

Answer 42

neuroepinephrine

Question 43

parasympathetic disivision orginated from the cranial nerves ___ and the \_\_\_

Answer 43

3,7,9 and 10 sacral spinal cord (craniosacral division)

Question 44

sympathetic division originated from the ___ of the spinal cord

Answer 44

thoracic and upper lumbar segments

Question 45

skin only gets sympathetic or parasympathetic from the ANS?

Answer 45

sympathetic (fight or flight only)

Question 46

true or false the adrenal gland only receives parasympathetic innervation from the ANS

Answer 46

false sympathetic only: fight or flight only