Test 3-L23/25- Lungs/ Pleura

Question 1

What is each lung surrounded by? What are the 4 areas applied to the pleura? What is the inferior recess called? What is the innermost pleura? Outermost?

Answer 1

Question 2

Describe a healthy pleural cavity. What happens if its compromised? What is a hydrothorax? What are 2 things that’s happen with a hydro thorax/ pleural effusion? Pneumothorax?

Answer 2

Question 3

What can you hear with pleuritis (pleurisy) ? What is pleurisy from? What is a thoracentesis/ where is it performed?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the nerves of the pleura? What is the costal parietal pleura innervated by? Mediastinal and diaphragmatic?

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the shape of the lungs? What are the fissures and names of the lobes? Special features of left lung? Special features of right lung? What is the apex of the lung extend through?

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the hilum? What is the root of the lung composed of? How many segments in each lobe of the lung? What’s the innervation of the lung tissue/ visceral pleura? Where is the pulmonary plexus/ what kind of axons does it contain? What is a segmentectomy?

Answer 6

Question 7

Where does the bronchial system begin? What is the trachea surrounded by? Where does it bifurcate? What are the smallest bronchioles? What end at the smallest bronchioles?

Answer 7

Question 8

Where do the main bronchi branch from? What is the middle called? How many are on each side? Which bronchi is wider/ more vertical? What is the secondary bronchi called? How many on left/ right? What’s the tertiary bronchi called? How many on left/ right? What are the 3 kinds of bronchioles? What does a segmental bronchiole supply?

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the 2 subsets of respiratory system? What are the 2 cells involved with the gas exchange system? What are the 2 kinds of bronchioles that are in conducting system? What are the 2 things included with gas exchange system? What is the function/ support/ epithelium of the trachea/ bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli? What does the conducting system do?

Answer 9

Question 10

What is the smallest level of bronchioles? How are they identified? What are the types of cells within them? Describe alveolar ducts and sacs. What is the end of the respiratory bronchioles?

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the 3 primary components of the alveolar walls? How are they identified? What do they do? What does type 1 diffuse with? Where does gas exchange occur?

Answer 11

Question 12

Enlarged alveolar air spaces indicate what? What can irritants cause to be released?

Answer 12

Question 13

What supply blood to the lungs for gas exchange? What do the pulmonary arteries carry? Veins? What surround alveoli? How many veins does each lung have? What do the pulmonary veins also carry?

Answer 13

Question 14

What supply blood to the stroma of the lungs? What is the lymphatic drainage of the lungs? What are the components of the superficial lymphatic plexus? Where do the bronchial arteries branch from? Where do the left and right lymph communicate?

Answer 14

Question 15

What does healthy lung tissue look like? What are the impressions on the right lung? Left lung?

Answer 15

Question 16

What is the function of the trachea/ bronchi/ bronchioles/ alveoli? What is the support layer of the trachea/ bronchi/ bronchioles/ alveoli? What is the epithelial layer of the trachea/ bronchi/ bronchioles/ alveoli?

Answer 16

Question 16

Standard _______ epithelium of the respiratory system is very similar from the nasal cavity through the ______. What is the predominate cell type?

Answer 16

Question 17

___________ epithelium completely lines the lumen of the trachea. _____________ gives way to membrane along the posterior wall. Where is the trachealis?

Answer 17

Question 18

What are the 2 segments of intrapulmonary bronchi? What’s different in these segments?

Answer 18

Question 19

__________ most prominent in trachea & bronchi, where goblet cells and submucosal glands secrete a thin mucus. What function does mucus serve? What happens with dysfunction of the mucociliary escalator? What syndrome does this happen in?

Answer 19

Question 20

Chronic irritation or damage to the respiratory epithelium leads to patches of __________-

Answer 20

Question 21

Bronchioles lack ________. The epithelium of the conducting bronchioles is ___________. What happens to the mucus production? What are the goblet cells replaced by?

Answer 21

Question 22

Development of the respiratory tree
begins as a _____________ of the
pharyngeal region of the ______.

Answer 22

Question 23

Communication between gut tube
and respiratory diverticulum runs
the entire length of the ___________. What separates the trachea and the esophagus?

Answer 23

Question 24

_____________ can fail to fully separate the trachea and esophagus (~1 in 3,000 births). What happen in 99% of the cases? What happens with 33% of additional cases?

Answer 24

Question 25

Primary bronchi buds extend to become ____________ bronchi. Secondary (lobar) bronchi grow into sections of the ________________, the pericardioperitoneal canals. What are the 3 sections of the pericardioperitoneal canals?

Answer 25

Question 26

What are the periods of maturation for the lungs and what are they characterized by? What is RDS? How is it treated? How do you improve outcomes?

Answer 26

Question 27

Identify arrows

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Question 28

Identify arrows

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Question 29

Identify arrows

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Question 30

Identify arrows

Answer 30

Question 31

Identify arrows

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Question 32

Identify arrows- Right lung

Answer 32

Question 33

Identify arrows- Left lung

Answer 33

Question 34

Identify arrows- respiratory epithelium

Answer 34

Question 35

Identify arrows-

Answer 35

Question 36

Identify arrows/ location

Answer 36

Question 37

Identify arrows/ location

Answer 37