The immune system and that stuff Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the definition for pathogens and its 4 types?
A microorganism that can cause communicable disease.
Bacteria
Fungi
Protoctista
Viruses
What 2 diseases can bacteria cause?
TB-Ur a good man Arthur
Ring rot - Kills potato and tomato
Wat 3 disease can viruses cause?
HIV which leads to AIDS
Influenza - da flu
Tobacco mosaic virus - Affects leaves
What 2 diseases can Fungi cause?
Athletes foot
Black sigatoka - Kill banana
What 2 diseases can Protoctista cause?
Malaria
Late Blight - kill potato and tomato
What 2 diseases kills potato and tomato’s?
Late Blight - Protoctista
Ring rot - bacteria
What are 3 ways humans can spread disesase?
Direct contact
Droplets - Cough n shit
Vectors - water air mosquit
What are 4 factors affecting Human transmission of diseases?
Dense population
Lack of trained health care
Lack of med ed
Climate change- temp up
What are 3 ways plants can spread diseases?
Direct contact
contaminated soil
Vectors - water air…
What factors contribute to plants spreading disease?
Growth of susceptible crops
Overcrowding
Humid environments
What are the 3 barriers for physical plant defence against pathogens?
Closed stomata
Waxy cuticle
THICK cellulose wall
What 2 physical methods do plants do to prevent spread of pathogens?
Production of callose
Abscission
They also produce chemicals to prevent growth and kill pathogens
What are the primary non-specific defences of the human?
The skin (clotting/inflammation)
Goblet cells
Expulsive reflexes (sneezing)
What happens in the specific immune response (AKA Humoral response)? (3)
1)Naive B cell + antigen (comply) binding site = APC
2)APC binds to T cell - stim interleukins
3)ryoik into plasma or memory B cell (immunological info)
What happens in the cell mediated response?
1)naïve t cell + antigen = APC
Ryoik tenkai
3)helper t cells and killer t cells and memory t cells
What do helper t cells do? (2)
It can bind to a b cell ryoik tenkai into plasma and memory b cell
and stimulate phagocytosis
What do killer t cells do?
Bind to infected cells antigen and releases purpurin
What are the 3 functions of an anti-body produced by a plasma cell?
-Agglutination
-Opsonin’s
-Anti-Toxins
What is agglutination in terms of antibodies? (pred catcher)
When multiple antibodies bind together with multiple antigens so its easier for phagocytes to detect and digest
What do opsonin’s do in terms on antibodies?
Antibodies bind to antigen then bind to phagocyte so its easier to ingest
What do anti-toxins do in terms on antibodies?
Antibodies bind to antigens and stop them from functioning and producing toxins
What is active immunity?
Acquired through the humoral response - When the body produces its own antigens
