The Skull (Q3) Flashcards
(275 cards)
1
Q
functions of bone/ the skeletal system
A
support, movement, protection, mineral storage, blood cell formation and energy storage, energy metabolism
2
Q
bones that are longer than they are wide with a shaft and 2 distinct ends
A
long bone
3
Q
bones that are roughly cube-shaped
A
short bone
4
Q
type of short bone that forms within a tendon
A
sesamoid bone
5
Q
examples of sesamoid bones
A
patella
6
Q
functions of sesamoid bones
A
change pulling direction or reduce friction of the tendon
7
Q
thin flattened bones
A
flat bone
8
Q
example of flat bone
A
cranial bones, ribs and sternum
9
Q
bones that do not fit in the other 3 categories
A
irregular bone
10
Q
example of irregular bones
A
vertebrae and hip bones
11
Q
structural unit of spongy bones
A
trabecula
12
Q
structural unit of compact bone
A
osteon
13
Q
bone marrow that makes red blood cells
A
red bone marrow
14
Q
bone marrow that serves as fat storage
A
yellow bone marrow
15
Q
large structure in the middle of osteons where major blood vessels and nerves go through
A
osteonic canal
16
Q
connect each osteon to each other
A
perforation canals/ volkmann’s canals
17
Q
round lamella that form the osteon
A
concentric lamellae
18
Q
old concentric lamellae that’s been broken down found in between each osteon
A
interstitial lamellae
19
Q
large lamellae that is found on the outside and inside of the osteon
A
circumferential lamellae
20
Q
bone cell responsible for maintaining bone
A
osteocyte
21
Q
space that houses osteocytes
A
lacunae
22
Q
groves that connect lacunae
A
canaliculi
23
Q
function of canaliculi
A
connect osteocytes to transport nutrients and information
24
Q
stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts
A
osteoprogenitor cells
25
bone matrix seceted by osteoblasts
osteoid
26
osteoblasts that no longer produces ostoid
osteocyte
27
responsible for the reabsorption of bone
osteoclast
28
frontal bone
29
a
supraorbital foramen/notch
30
b
zygomatic process
31
anterior cranial fossa
32
frontal sinuses
33
glabella
34
id bones
parietal bones
35
parietal bones
36
sagittal suture
37
coronal suture
38
lambdoid suture
39
squamous suture
40
bone that could be enclosed within lambdoid suture
wormian bones
41
wormian/ sutural bone
42
occipital bone
43
a
external occipital protuberence
44
b
superior nuchal line
45
c
inferior nuchal line
46
a
foramen magnum
47
c
condylar fossa
48
b
occipital condyle
49
a
posterior cranial fossa
50
b
hypoglossal canal
51
temporal bones
52
a
zygomatic arch of squamous region
53
b
mandibular fossa of squamous region
54
c
styloid process of tympanic region
55
d
external auditory canal/ meatus of tympanic region
56
e
mastoid process of mastoid region
57
a
stylomastoid foramen of mastoid region
58
b
mastoid foramen
59
c
middle cranial fossa of petrous region
60
a
jugular foramen
61
b
internal auditory/ acoustic canal
62
a
coratid canal
63
a
coratid canal
64
b
foramen lucerum
65
b
foramen lucerum
66
zygomatic arch
67
sphenoid bone
68
sphenoid bone
69
a
jugum sphenodale
70
b
tuberculum sellae
71
c
hypophyseal fossa
72
d
dorsum sellae
73
e
foramen ovale
74
f
foramen spinosum
75
a
anterior clinoid processes
76
b
posterior clinoid processes
77
c
lesser wings
78
d
greater wings
79
a
lateral pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
80
b
medial pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone
81
c
foramen ovale
82
d
foramen spinosum
83
a
foramen rotundum
84
b
optic canal
85
c
superior orbital fissure
86
sphenoid sinus
87
sphenoid sinus
88
collective term for dorsum sellae, hypophyseal fossa, and tuberculum sellae
sella turcica
89
ethmoid bone
90
a
cribriform plate
91
b
crista galli
92
a
middle nasal concha of ethmoid bone
93
b
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
94
a
middle nasal conchae
95
b
superior nasal conchae
96
a
crista galli
97
b
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
98
a
inferior orbital fissure
99
b
infraorbital foramen
100
c
teeth (sits in alveolus)
101
a
alveolar process
102
b
incisive foramen
103
c
palatine process of the maxilla
104
a
horizontal plate
105
b
greater palatine foramen
106
a
horizontal plate
107
b
perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
108
a
zygomatic arch
109
b
temporal process
110
nasolacrimal canal
111
a
left nasal bone
112
b
left inferior nasal concha
113
c
vomer bone
114
vomer bone
115
what is the collective name for the vomer bone and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone?
nasal septum
116
a
condylar process
117
b
coronoid process
118
c
teeth in alveolus
119
d
mental foramen
120
a
condylar process
121
b
coronoid process
122
c
ramus
123
d
mental foramen
124
e
alveolar process
125
id bone
mandible
126
a
coronoid process
127
b
condylar process
128
c
mandibular foramina
129
a
inferior orbital fissure
130
b
zygomatic bone
131
c
infraorbital foramen
132
a
alveolar processes
133
b
alveolus
134
c
palatine process
135
d
horizontal plate of the palatine bone
136
e
incisive foramen of the maxilla
137
f
greater palatine foramen
138
maxillary sinus
139
a
temporal process of zygomatic bone
140
b
maxillary sinus of maxillary bone
141
a
temporal process of zygomatic bone
142
b
infraorbital foramen of maxillary bone
143
a
middle nasal concha of the ethmoid bone
144
b
inferior nasal conchae
145
c
palatine process of maxillary bone
146
a
crista galli of ethmoid bone
147
b
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
148
c
vomer bone
149
d
tuberculum sellae of the sella turnica of sphenoid bone
150
e
dorsum sellae of the sella turnica of the sphenoid bone
151
f
hypophysial fossa of the sella turnica of the sphenoid bone
152
g
sphenoidal sinus of the sphenoid bone
153
a
superior nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone
154
b
middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone
155
c
inferior nasal conchae
156
a
condylar process
157
b
coronoid process
158
c
alveolus
159
d
mental foramen
160
a
coronoid process
161
b
condylar process
162
c
mandibular foramen
163
d
mental foramen
164
e
ramus
165
a
tooth
166
b
alveolar process
167
c
mental foramen
168
d
alveolus
169
a
inferior nasal concha
170
b
palatine process of the maxilla
171
c (bone)
mandible bone
172
d
hyoid bone
173
e
horizontal plate of the palatine bone
174
a (bone)
nasal bone
175
b
palatine process of maxilla
176
c (bone)
mandible
177
d
hyoid bone
178
e
inferior nasal concha
179
f
horizontal plate of palatine bone
180
a
inferior nasal concha
181
b
palatine process of maxilla
182
c
horizontal plate of palatine bone
183
a
lacrimal bone
184
b
infraorbital foramen of maxilla
185
c
nasal bone
186
d
maxilla
187
e
inferior nasal concha
188
a
maxilla
189
b
infraorbital foramen
190
c
nasal bone
191
d
inferior nasal concha
192
e
vomer bone
193
a
nasal bone
194
b
vomer bone
195
id bone
hyoid bone
196
a
greater cornua
197
b
lesser cornua
198
a
frontal fontanelle/ anterior fontanelle
199
b
metopic/ frontal suture
200
c
occipital/posterior fontanelle
201
a
sphenoid/ anterolateral fontanelle
202
b
mastoid/ postlateral fontanelle
203
which fontanelle are unpaired?
frontal and occipital (posterior and anterior)
204
what type of tissue are sutures made up of
dense connective tissue (don't know which)
205
a
condylar process
206
b
coronoid process
207
c
ramus
208
functions of clinoid processes
deepen the sella turcica and serve as points of attachment for the tentorium cerebelli
209
a
olfactory nerve (cn i)
210
b
optic nerve (cn ii)
211
c
trochlear nerve (cn iv)
212
d
trigeminal nerve (cn v)
213
e
abducens nerve (cn vi)
214
f
facial nerve (cn vii)
215
g
vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)
216
a
oculomotor nerve (cn iii)
217
b
trochlear nerve (cn iv)
218
c
glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix)
219
d
vagus nerve (cn x)
220
e
accessory nerve (cn xi)
221
f
hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
222
lacriminal bones
223
palatine bones
224
maxillary bones
225
id structure a and identify what goes through
cribriform plate with olfactory nerve (cn i) passing through
226
id structure and what passes through
optic canal with optic nerve (cn ii) and ophthalmic artery passing through
227
id structure and what passes through
superior orbital fissure with oculomotor nerve (cn iii), trochlear nerve (cn iv) ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v) and abducens nerve (cn vi) passing through
228
id structure a and what passes through
foramen rotundum with maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v) passing through
229
id structure e and what passes through
foramen ovale with mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)
230
id structure f and what passes through
foramen spinosum with middle meningeal artery passing through
231
id structure b and what passes through
foramen lucerum; functionally closed with fibrocartilage in a living skull
232
id structure a and what passes through
carotid canal with the internal carotid artery passing along the superior margin of foramen lucerum
233
id structure b and what passes though
internal acoustic/ auditory canal with vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii) and facial nerve (cn vii) entering the skull
234
id structure a and what passes through
jugular foramen with glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix), vagus nerve (cn x) and spinal motor and cranial motor components of accessory nerves (cn xi) as well as internal jugular vein passing through
235
id structure a and what passes through
foramen magnum with vertebral arteries (rt. and lt.) and spinal motor component of the accessory nerve (cn xi) passing through
236
landmark division between medulla oblongata and the spinal cord of the central nervous system
foramen magnum
237
id structure b and what passes through
hypoglossal canal with hypoglossal nerve (cn xii) passing through
238
id structure b and what passes through
infra-orbital foramen with maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)
239
id structure d and what passes through
mental foramen with the mental nerve (a branch of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)) passing through
240
id structure b and what passes through
incisive foramen with nasopalatine nerve passing through
241
id c and what passes through
mandibular foramen with the inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve cn v) passing through
242
id a and what passes through
stylomastoid foramen with facial nerve (cn vii) exiting the skull
243
tiny holes in cribriform plate
olfactory foramina
244
functions of sinuses
lighten skull; warm, moisten, and filter air
245
what two bones could be affected by a cleft palate
maxillary and palatine
246
left and right halves of the palate fail to join medially
cleft lip/ palate
247
complications with cleft lip/ pallate
impaired ability to nurse and possibility of inhaling food in the nasal cavity possibly causing pnemonia
248
procedure to repair and cleft palate
palatoplasty
249
procedure to repair a cleft lip
rotation advancement repair
250
risk factors of cleft lip/ palate
family history, diabetes, mom didn't have enough folic acid during pregnancy
251
off-center septum that can cause difficulty breathing or congestion
deviated nasal septum
252
repair for deviated nasal septum
septoplasty
253
infection spreading from throat to middle ear to the mastoid cells of the mastoid sinus
mastoiditis
254
form of bone cancer in which a tumor erodes the medullary cavity of long bone and mestastasizes
osteosarcoma
255
inflammation of the paranasal sinuses passage to the nasal cavity blocked by inflamed nasal mucosa to cause painful pressure
sinusitis
256
most easily dislocated joint in the body
temporomandibular joint
257
condylar process glides anteriorly to end up in the infratemporal fossa causing the jaw to be stuck open
temporomandibular joint syndrome
258
fix for temporomandibular joint syndrome
physician puts their thumbs in between the lower molars and cheeks and pushes inferiorly and posteriorly
259
surgery to remove part of the cranium in which small circular holes are drilled in a square and then sawed in between to gain access to the brain
craniotomy
260
reasons why someone may have a craniotomy
removal of a brain tumor or blood clot
261
a
osteon (haversian system)
262
b
central canal/ osteonic canal
263
c
concentric lamellae
264
d
interstitial lamellae
265
e
osteocyte
266
f
lacunae
267
g
canaliculus
268
a
osteocyte
269
b
lacunae
270
c
canaliculi
271
a
outer circumferential lamellae
272
b
inner circumferential lamellae
273
a
performating/ volkmann's canal
274
special type of flat bone found in the skull (sandwich)
diploe
275
the internal lining of the esophagus and adult vagina
stratified squamous epithelium
