nervous system (q9) Flashcards
1
Q
3 functions of nervous system
A
sensory reception, integration, and motor output
2
Q
voluntary motor innervation
A
somatic motor
3
Q
involuntary motor innervation also known as autonomic motor system
A
visceral motor
4
Q
layers of the meninges from superficial to deep
A
(bone), epidural space, periosteal layer of dura mater, dural sinus, meningeal layer of dura mater, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater, (brain)
5
Q
primary vesicle of cerebrum
A
prosencephalon
6
Q
secondary vessicle of the cerebrum
A
telencephalon
7
Q
primary vesicle of epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus
A
prosencephalon
8
Q
secondary vessicle epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus
A
diencephalon
9
Q
what structure arises from the mesencephalon
A
corpora quadrigemina
10
Q
primary vessicle of pons and cerebellum
A
rhombencephalon
11
Q
secondary vesicle of pons and cerebellum
A
metencephalon
12
Q
primary vesicle of medulla oblongata/brainstem
A
rhombencephalon
13
Q
secondary vesicle of medulla oblongata/brainstem
A
meyelincephalon
14
Q
secondary vesicles coming from prosencephalon
A
telencephalon and diencephalon
15
Q
secondary vesicles coming from rhombencephalon
A
metencephalon and mylencephalon
16
Q
watery fluid that fills subarachnoid space, ventricles, ad hollow cavities of the brain
A
cerebral spinal fluid
17
Q
functions of cerebral spinal fluid
A
protection and nourishment of neural tissue that allows the CNS to “float”
18
Q
csf pathway after 4th ventricle
A
choroid plexus, 4th ventricle, median aperture/lateral aperture, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi, dural sinus, internal jugular vein, general body circulation
19
Q
where is the primary motor cortex located?
A
precentral gyrus within the frontal lobe
20
Q
tasks associated with frontal lobe
A
motor control, problem solving, and speech production
21
Q
function of anterior part of frontal lobe
A
higher order thinking
22
Q
function of posterior part of frontal lobe
A
planning, initiation of movement, speech production
23
Q
tasks associated with parietal lobe
A
touch perception, body orientation and sense discrimination
24
Q
where is the primary somatosensory cortex
A
postcentral gyrus within the parietal lobe
25
tasks associated with the temporal lobe
audio processing, language comprehension, memory/ information retrieval including emotional response to memory
26
associated with occipital lobe
contains the visual cortex for reception and interpretation of vision
27
associated with insula
visceral sensory cortex, responsible for sensation of taste
28
responsibility of pons
coordination of voluntary movement
29
cerebellar cortex function
smooth body function
30
cerebellum functions
maintain smooth body movement and maintain posture
31
foramen of cn i, olfactory nerve
cribiform plate
32
foramen of cn ii, optic nerve
optic canal
33
foramen of cn iii, oculomotor nerve
superior orbital fissure
34
foramen of cn iv, trochlear nerve
superior orbital fissure
35
foramen of cn v, trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic division)
superior orbital fissure
36
foramen of cn v, trigeminal nerve (maxillary division)
foramen rotundum
37
foramen of cn v, trigeminal nerve (mandibular division)
foramen ovale
38
foramen of cn vi, abducens
superior orbital fissure
39
foramen of cn vii, facial
enters temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus, exits through stylomastoid foramen
40
foramen of cn viii, vestibulocochlear
internal acoustic meatus
41
foramen of cn ix, glossopharyngeal
jugular foramen
42
foramen of cn x, vagus
jugular foramen
43
foramen of cn xi, accessory
spinal component enters via foramen magnum, cranial component exits via jugular foramen
44
foramen of cn xii, hypoglossal
hypoglossal canal
45
innervation of cn i, olfactory
nasal cavity/ smell
46
innervation of cn ii, optic
eye/ vision
47
innervation of of cn iii, oculomotor
4 extrinsic muscles of eye
48
innervation of cn iv, trochlear
superior oblique muscle of eye
49
innervation of cn v, trigeminal (ophthalmic)
skin of eyelids, nose, scalp, and lacrimal gland (sensory)
50
innervation of cn v, trigeminal, (maxillary)
upper teeth, palate, skin of cheek, upper lip (sensory)
51
innervation of cn v, trigeminal (mandibular)
tongue, lower teeth, skin of jaw and temporal region (sensory), muscles of mastication (motor)
52
innervation of cn vi, abducens
lateral rectus muscle of eye
53
innervation of cn vii, facial
taste buds of tongue (sensory) and stimulate face glands and skeletal muscles of face (motor)
54
innervation of cn viii, vestibulocochlear
vestibular branch – equlibrium
cochlear branch – hearing
55
innervation of cn ix, glossopharyngeal
pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland(motor) and posterior tongue, pharynx, and carotid sinus (sensory)
56
innervation of cn x, vagus
pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera (motor) and pharynx, larynx, and visceral organs (sensory)
57
innervation of cn xi, accessory
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
58
innervation of cn xii, hypoglossal
extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue
59
a
occipital lobe
60
b
temporal lobe
61
c
parietal lobe
62
d
frontal lobe
63
insula
64
a
sulcus
65
b
gyrus
66
c
transverse fissure
67
d
central sulcus
68
e
lateral sulcus
69
a
cerebrum
70
b
corpus callosum
71
c
septum pellucidum
72
a
periosteal layer of dura mater
73
b
meningeal layer of dura mater
74
c (orange)
arachnoid mater
75
d
superior sagittal sinus
76
e
subarachnoid space
77
f (red)
pia mater
78
a
periosteal layer of dura mater
79
b
arachnoid villus
80
c
meningeal layer of dura mater
81
d
superior sagittal sinus
82
e
cerebrum
83
f
corpus callosum
84
g
septum pellucidum
85
a
tentorium cerebilli
86
b
falx cerebri
87
a
falx cerebelli
88
a
thalamus
89
b
hypothalamus
90
c
epithalamus
91
pineal body
92
a
optic chiasma
93
b
infundibulum
94
c
pituitary gland
95
d
mamillary body
96
a
cerebral auqeduct
97
b
superior colliculus of corpora quadrigemina
98
c
inferior colliculus of corpora quadrigemnina
99
a
pons
100
b
cerebellum
101
a (white matter)
arbor vitae
102
b (gray matter)
cerebellar cortex
103
vermis
104
cerebellar peduncle
105
a
arbor vitae
106
b
cerebellar cortex
107
c
cerebellar peduncle
108
a
medulla oblongata
109
a
arachnoid villus
110
b
superior sagittal sinus
111
behind c
lateral ventricle (behind septum pellucidum)
112
between wall of d
third ventricle (between walls of thalamus)
113
e
cerebral aqueduct
114
f
fourth ventricle
115
a
lateral ventricle
116
b
third ventricle (between walls of the thalamus
117
c
cerebral aquaeduct
118
d
fourth ventricle
119
a
lateral ventricle
120
b
lateral aperture
121
c
fourth ventricle
122
d
median aperture
123
e
third ventricle
124
a
lateral ventricle
125
b
lateral aperture
126
c
fourth ventricle
127
d
median aperture
128
e
interventricular foramen
129
f
cerebral aquaeduct
130
choroid plexus
131
a
trochlear nerve (cn iv)
132
b
trigeminal nerv (cn v)
133
c
vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)
134
d
glossopharangeal nerve (cv ix)
135
e
vagus nerve (cn x)
136
f
abducens nerve (cn xi)
137
g
optic nerve (cn ii)
138
h
facial nerve (cn vii)
139
i
hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
140
j
abducens nerve (cn vi)
141
a
trochlear nerve (cn iv)
142
b
trigeminal nerve (cn v)
143
c
vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)
144
d
glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix)
145
e
vagus nerve (cn x)
146
f
accessory nerve (cn xi)
147
g
optic nerve (cn ii)
148
h
facial nerve (cn vii)
149
i
oculomotor nerve (cn iii)
150
j
abducens nerve (cn xi)
151
k
hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
152
a
facial nerve (cn vii)
153
b
vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)
154
c
glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix)
155
d
vagus nerve (cn x)
156
e
accessory nerve (cn xi)
157
f
abducens nerve (cn vi)
158
g
hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
159
a
optic nerve (cn ii)
160
b
oculomotor nerve (cn iii)
161
c
abducens nerve (cn vi)
162
d
hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
163
e
trochlear nerve (cn iv)
164
f
trigeminal nerve (cn v)
165
g
vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)
166
h
facial nerve (cn vii)
167
a
glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix)
168
b
vagus nerve (cn x)
169
c
accessory nerve (cn xi)
170
a
cn i
171
b
cn ii
172
c
cn iv
173
d
cn v
174
e
cn vi
175
f
cn viii
176
g
cn ix
177
h
cn x
178
i
cn xi
179
j
cn iii
180
k
cn vii
181
l
cn xii
182
a
cn ii
183
b
ophthalmic division of cn v
184
c
maxillary division of cn v
185
d
mandibular division of cn v
186
e
cn v
187
f
cn vii
188
g
cn viii
189
h
cn i
190
i
cn iii
191
j
cn vi
192
k
cn ix
193
l
cn x
194
m
cn xi
195
n
cn xii
196
what nerves are in cervical plexus
c1-c4 and parts of c5
197
nerves involved in ansa cervicalis
c1-c3
198
nerves contributing to phrenic nerve
c3, c4, c5
199
innervated by phrenic nerve
diaphragm
200
innervation of muscles of mastication (maseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles)
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v)
201
innervation of anterior belly digastric
mandibular branch trigeminal (cn v)
202
innervation of posterior belly digastric
facial nerve (cn vii)
203
innervation of stylohyoid
facial nerve (cn vii)
204
innervation of geniohyoid
spinal nerve c1
205
innervation of mylohyoid
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v)
206
innervation of omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid
spinal nerved c1-c3 (ansa cevicalis)
207
innervation of thyrohyoid
spinal nerves c1 and c2 via hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)
208
innervation of sternocleidomastoid
accessory nerve (cn xi) and cervical spinal nerves c2-c3
209
innervation of cricothyroid
vagus nerve (cn x)
210
innervation of pectoralis major
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
211
innervation of deltoid
axillary nerve
212
innervation of coracobrachialis
musculocutaneous nerve
213
innervation of serratus anterior
long thoracic nerve
214
innervation of pectoralis minor
medial pectoral nerve
215
innervation of biceps brachii an brachialis
musculocutaneous nerve
216
innervation of brachioradialis and posterior forearm muscles
radial nerve
217
innervation of supinator
radial nerve
218
innervation of pronator teres and pronator quadratus
median nerve
219
innervation of iliacus, sartorius, pectineus and anterior thigh muscles
femoral nerve
220
innervation of psoas major
spinal nerves l2-l3
221
innervation of gracilis
obturator nerve (l2 and l3)
222
innervation of adductor magnus and adductor longus
obturator nerve and tibial nerve
223
innervation of peroneus longus and peroneus brevis
superficial peroneal nerve
224
innervation of anterior lower leg
deep peroneal nerve
225
innervation of splenius capitis and cervicis
cervical spinal nerves
226
innervation of trapezius
accessory nerve (cn xi) and spinal nerves c3-c5
227
innervation of levator scapulae
c3-c5 (c5 via the dorsal scapular nerve)
228
innervation of rhomboideus major and minor
spinal nerve c-5 via dorsal scapular nerve
229
innervation of teres major
subscapular nerve
230
innervation of latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve (c6-c8)
231
innervation of supraspinatus
suprascapular nerve
232
innervation of infraspinatus
suprascapular nerve
233
innervation of subscapularis
subscapular nerve
234
innervation of teres minor
axillary nerve
235
innervation of triceps brachii and aconeus
radial nerve
236
innervation of flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor pollicis longus, and flexor digitorum superficialis
median nerve
237
innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris
ulnar nerve
238
innervation of flexor digitorum profundus
medial half- ulner nerve, lateral half-median nerve (anterior interosseus branch)
239
innervation of gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
240
innervation of gluteus medius and minimus
superior gluteal nerve
241
innervation of priformis
spinal nerves l5-s2
242
innervation of superior gemellus, orturator internus, and quadratus femoris
spinal nerves l5-s1
243
innervation of hamstring muscles
sciatic nerve
244
innervation of posterior lower leg
tibial nerve
245
a
lateral cord
246
b
axillary nerve
247
c
musculocutaneous nerve
248
d
median nerve
249
e
posterior cord
250
f
medial cord
251
g
radial nerve
252
h
ulnar nerve
253
a
posterior cord
254
b
medial cord
255
c
radial nerve
256
d
ulnar nerve
257
e
lateral cord
258
f
axillary nerve
259
g
musculocutaneous nerve
260
h
median nerve
261
a
lateral cord
262
b
musculocutaneous nerve
263
c
median nerve
264
d
medial cord
265
e
ulnar nerve
266
a
medial ord
267
b
posterior cord
268
c
axillary nerve
269
d
ulnar nerve
270
e
lateral cord
271
f
musculocutaneous nerve
272
g
median nerve
273
a
lateral cord
274
b
posterior cord
275
c
medial cord
276
a
posterior cord
277
b
medial cord
278
c
lateral cord
279
a
lateral cord
280
b
medial cord
281
a
posterior cord
282
b
medial cord
283
c
lateral cord
284
a
musculocutaneous nerve
285
b
median nerve
286
c
ulnar nerve
287
a
ulnar nerve
288
b
musculocutaneous nerve
289
c
median nerve
290
a
musculocutaneous nerve
291
b
ulnar nerve
292
c
median nerve
293
a
ulnar nerve
294
b
musculocutaneous nerve
295
c
median nerve
296
a
ulnar nerve
297
b
median nerve
298
a
axillary nerve
299
b
radial nerve
300
a
radial nerve
301
b
axillary nerve
302
a
radial nerve
303
a
femoral nerve
304
b
obturator nerve
305
a
femoral nerve
306
b
obturator nerve
307
a
femoral nerve
308
a
sciatic nerve
309
b
deep peroneal nerve
310
c
superficial peroneal nerve
311
d
common peroneal nerve
312
e
tibial nerve
313
a
sciatic nerve
314
b
common peroneal nerve
315
c
tibial nerve
316
a
sciatic nerve
317
b
common peroneal nerve
318
c
tibial nerve
319
sciatic nerve
320
a
common peroneal nerve
321
b
superficial peroneal nerve
322
c
deep peroneal nerve
323
d
sciatic nerve
324
e
tibial nerve
325
a
common peroneal nerve bifricating into superficial peroneal nerve and deep peroneal nerves
326
b
sciatic nerve bifricating into common peroneal and tibial nerves, with deep peroneal nerve on anterior of lower leg
327
a
deep peroneal nerve
328
b
superficial peroneal nerve
329
begins with structural changes in basal forebrain nuclei, hippocampus, and associative areas of cerebral cortex
alzheimer's disease
330
degeneration of pyramidal tracts/ ventral motor tracts
als
331
loss of smell possibly due to tear of olfactory nerve
anosmia
332
sudden weakness on one side of face possibly due to stress of a viral infection
bell's palsy
333
another name for stroke
cerebral vascular accident
334
damage to forebrain from an interruption of bloodflow
cerebral vascular accident
335
type of paralysis completely destroying motor neurons
flaccid paralysis
336
type of paralysis affecting descending fibers in white matter such that muscles are healthy but cannot be voluntarily moved
spastic paralysis
337
tumors of brain formed from glial cells that constitute most brain tumors
glioma
338
degeneration of basal nuclei pathways causing uncontrolled overstimulation
huntington's disease
339
accumulation of csf in the ventricles or subarachnoid space. a shunt in inserted to drain into the abdominal cavity
hydrocephalus
340
what side of the body is affected by cerebellum injury
same side of the body
341
inflammation of the meninges with spinal tap being used for diagnosis
meningitis
342
demyelination of cns; autoimmune sensory and muscular disorder
multiple sclerosis
343
damage to posterior association area leads to neglect of opposite side of body
neglect syndrome
344
numbness from compression of a peripheral nerve
paresthesia
345
slow/ jerky movements from degeneration of substantia nigra so inhibitory signals are not sent to basal nuclei
parkinson's disease
346
general term for peripheral nerve dysfunction
peripheral neuropathy
347
virus that cna cause motor nerve damage leading to paralysis
polio
348
inflammation of the brain causing delerium and death
rabies
349
helps prevent secondary axonal damage after spinal cord injury
administration of methylprednisolone
350
cause of sciatic nerve injury
often from herniated lumbar disc that presses on sacral dorsal roots
351
dormant virus from chicken pox causes scaly blisters on specific dermatomes
shingles
352
basal nuclei don't properly regulate dopamine so that it con't properly interact with the motor cerebral cortex
tourett's syndrome
353
another name for trigeminal neuralgia
tic douloureux
354
chronic pain syndrom in face
trigeminal neuralgia
355
brain rebounds and hits twice
contrecoup injury
356
brain injury stretching axons
diffuse axonal injury
