Towton – 29 March 1461 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What was the bloodiest battle in English history that made Edward IV king?
The Battle of Towton.
Who led the Yorkist cause after Richard of York was killed?
Edward of March, later known as Edward IV.
What event preceded the Battle of Towton?
Edward won at Mortimer’s Cross and marched north to challenge the Lancastrian army.
Why was Henry VI not present at the Battle of Towton?
His piety kept him away as it was Palm Sunday.
Where did the Battle of Towton take place?
A plateau near Towton in Yorkshire.
What was the weather like during the Battle of Towton?
A snowstorm with strong winds blowing into the faces of the Lancastrians.
How did Yorkist archers gain an advantage during the battle?
They fired into the wind and re-used Lancastrian arrows that had fallen short.
What role did Edward IV play during the battle?
He took personal command of the left flank, especially after initial setbacks.
How long did the Battle of Towton last?
The battle lasted for 10 hours.
Who arrived late but helped turn the tide for Edward IV?
The Duke of Norfolk.
What mistake did the Lancastrians make during the battle?
They positioned themselves poorly, blocking their retreat by the Cock Beck river, leading to many drowning.
Who were some key deaths in the Battle of Towton?
Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland; Lords Dacre, Wells, Willoughby; Andrew Trollope; Wiltshire was captured and executed.
What was the consequence of the Battle of Towton for the Yorkists?
A crushing victory that broke Lancastrian military strength in the north.
What happened to Edward IV after the battle?
He entered London and was crowned on 28 June 1461.
Who escaped to Scotland after the Battle of Towton?
Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI, and Prince Edward.
What did Edward IV have to do to consolidate his rule after the battle?
He had to offer pardons to many nobles.
