Warwick, the Kingmaker (1450–1471) Flashcards
(31 cards)
What was the political role of Warwick during 1450–1455?
Warwick aligned with the Duke of York and his father, Salisbury, against the Lancastrian court dominated by Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset.
What was a strength of the Nevilles during the early Yorkist alignments?
The Nevilles had a bitter feud with the Percy family in the North, and York’s rise promised an advantage for their local power.
What was a weakness of Warwick in the early Yorkist period?
Warwick was not yet a dominant national figure; his power was regional and derived from Neville inheritance.
What significant event occurred on 22 May 1455?
The First Battle of St Albans took place, where Somerset, Northumberland, and Clifford were killed.
What military role did Warwick play in the First Battle of St Albans?
Warwick participated in the battle, earning national prominence through the Yorkist victory.
What strength did Warwick gain after the First Battle of St Albans?
He was appointed Captain of Calais, commanding the strongest standing army in England.
What was a weakness Warwick faced after the First Battle of St Albans?
The victory worsened feuding among nobles, and he became a partisan figure viewed with suspicion by Queen Margaret.
What actions did Warwick take as Captain of Calais from 1456–1459?
He began piratical raids on merchant ships, earning popularity as a naval hero.
What was a strength of Warwick during his time as Captain of Calais?
The Calais garrison gave him independence from royal finances and cultivated support among merchants.
What was a weakness Warwick faced during his time as Captain of Calais?
Piracy brought international diplomatic problems and led to a violent brawl in London, worsening relations with Henry VI.
What key event occurred in October 1459?
The Battle of Ludford Bridge took place, where Warwick and other Yorkists fled.
What was the outcome of the Parliament of Devils in November 1459?
Warwick was attainted for treason, and his lands were confiscated.
What were the key events in Warwick’s return and political apex in 1460?
Warwick, Salisbury, and Edward invaded from Calais, culminating in the Battle of Northampton where Henry VI was captured.
What strength did Warwick gain in 1460?
He controlled London and played a central role in the Act of Accord, disinheriting Prince Edward.
What was a weakness of Warwick following the Act of Accord?
The Act angered Lancastrians and led directly to the resumption of civil war.
What significant battles occurred in 1461?
The Battle of Wakefield and the Battle of Second St Albans, followed by the decisive Battle of Towton.
What strength did Warwick achieve after the Battle of Towton?
He became the ‘Kingmaker’ by securing Edward IV’s throne and was rewarded with lands and powerful offices.
What was a weakness for Warwick after the Battle of Towton?
His military failure at St Albans dented his reputation, and Margaret remained free.
What was Warwick’s role from 1461 to 1464?
He served as Edward IV’s chief advisor and controlled northern England through his brother.
What was a strength of Warwick during his peak power?
He was virtually the ruler of England, dictating domestic and foreign policy.
What was a weakness Warwick faced during his peak power?
Edward secretly married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464, undermining Warwick’s diplomatic plans.
What political tensions arose for Warwick from 1465 to 1467?
Edward IV began favoring the Woodvilles, sidelining Warwick and allowing his enemies to rise.
What was a weakness for Warwick during the growing alienation period?
His influence declined sharply, and he lost key patronage rights.
What key events occurred in 1469 related to Warwick?
He instigated the Robin of Redesdale uprising and won the Battle of Edgecote Moor.
