u16

Question 1

Great circle vs rhumb line
- do you have to change heading when flying one of these routes
- what type of projection are each of these

Answer 1

great circle = shortest distance between two points so must change heading, lambert conic projection

rhumb line = follow line of latitude and no heading change, transverse mercator projection

Question 2

which projection is a VNC? VTA?

Answer 2

VNC = great circle

VTA = rhumb line

Question 3

when you are east of the agonic line, you have ______ variation

Answer 3

westerly

Question 4

1 min latitude = _____ NM

Answer 4

1 NM

Question 5

t/f: a minute of longitude = 1 NM

Answer 5

false because even though at the equator 1 min longitude = 1 NM, at the poles the lines of longitude are closer together

Question 6

how often is the CFS updated

Answer 6

every 56 days

Question 7

the obstacle clearance circle in the CFS tells you what

Answer 7

tallest object ASL + 1000 ft + 100’ round up within 5 NM of aerodrome

Question 8

VNC
- altitude
- projection
- ratio
- 1 in =______ SM
- updated how often

Answer 8

low to medium altitude (3000 to 8000 AGL)
great circle
1:500 000
1 in = 8SM
2yrs unless major changes

Question 9

VTA
- altitude
- projection
- ratio
- 1 in =______ SM
- updated how often

Answer 9

low (up to 3000 AGL)
rhumb line
1:250 000
1in = 4 SM
2yr unless significant changes

Question 10

NOTAMs that last longer than 56 days go where? and what is the final destination?

Answer 10

NOTAM -> CFS -> VNC

Question 11

Lo chart
- altitude
- projection
- scale
- updated how often
- does it show airports, radio information and topographical features?

Answer 11

low (below 18 000 ASL)
great circle
varies from chart to chart
56 days
shows airports and radio information
does NOT show topographical features

Question 12

Hi chart
- altitude
- projection
- scale
- updated how often
- does it show airports, radio information and topographical features?

Answer 12

above 18 000 ASL
great circle
scale varies
56 days
no topographical features

Question 13

t/f: VNC and VTA show distance in NM

Answer 13

false shows in SM

Question 14

how often is the CAP (canada air pilot) updated and what information does it give us

Answer 14

IFR instrument arrivals and departures
noise abatement procedures
56 days

Question 15

how often is the WAS (water aerodrome supplement) updated

Answer 15

56 days

Question 16

what information does the DAH (designated airspace handbook) give us and how often is it updated

Answer 16

restricted airspace
56 days

Question 17

to keep a straight track along a great circle route, you must change heading by ____º for every ___º of longitude.

flying east, the ** º is _____
flying west, the ** º is ______

Answer 17

change heading by 2º for every 3º longitude

east = add 2º
west = subtract 2º

Question 18

mercator projection is most accurate at the ________ and more distorted at the ________

Answer 18

equator
poles

Question 19

mean solar day is the time between _______ of the sun over a certain meridian of ________

Answer 19

two passes

longitude

Question 20

in the winter = EST is ______h _______ UTC

Answer 20

5h behind

Question 21

in the summer, EST is _____h _____ UTC

Answer 21

4h behind

Question 22

_______ have longer length of time for twilight than _______

Answer 22

poles

equator

Question 23

can the double track error correction method to get back on your track after you’ve drifted be used along your entire route?

Answer 23

no just for the first half of your route

Question 24

does the opening/closing angle method of getting back on track after being drifted fly you back to your og track or your destination

Answer 24

destination

Question 25

dead reckoning navigation is based on what

Answer 25

time distance direction

Question 26

when lost, what can you do? 4 possible things

Answer 26

climb for better visibility and radio range draw circle of uncertainty from last known position cross track two VOR or use a GPS contact FIC or tower for a DF steer

Question 27

fuel requirements for VFR fixed wing day

Answer 27

destination + 30 mins

Question 28

fuel requirements for VFR fixed wing night

Answer 28

destination + 45 mins

Question 29

fuel requirements for IFR fixed wing

Answer 29

destination + alternate + 45 mins

Question 30

fuel requirements for IFR turbo prop

Answer 30

destination + alternate + 30 mins

Question 31

what is pilotage

Answer 31

flying from landmark to landmark until reach destination

Question 32

what is “ground position” or your “fix”

Answer 32

the point of the earth that is directly underneath the plane

Question 33

t/f: with dead reckoning navigation, the pilot can use a map

Answer 33

false its just time, distance and direction only pre calculated before flight

Question 34

what is your air position

Answer 34

imaginary position where the plane would be if there was no wind

Question 35

Lo Chart: height what does class B airspace look like and what height is it what’s the difference between aerodromes that are coloured black vs green

Answer 35

surface to 17 999 ASL white hatches from 12 500 to 17 999 ASL black aerodromes have instrument approach available whereas green aerodromes do NOT have instrument approach

Question 36

t/f. airways and air routes are controlled

Answer 36

false only airways are controlled air routes are uncontrolled

Question 37

what is the MEA on a Lo chart does it ensure obstacle clearance

Answer 37

minimum en route altitude minimum altitude ASL to receive signals from both VORs ensures obstacle clearance

Question 38

what is the MOCA on a Lo chart what’s the minimum clearance buffer that it gives you in an airway

Answer 38

minimum obstacle clearance altitude lowest safe altitude ASL at least 1000 ft buffer

Question 39

AMA (area minimum altitude) - provides _____ ft clearance in a normal rectangle on the chart - in SDA: 2º latitude by ____º longitude - in NDA: 2º latitude by ____º longitude - provides ______ ft clearance in mountain area

Answer 39

1000 ft SDA = 2ºx4º NDA = 2ºx8º 2000 ft

Question 40

what is the MRA (minimum reception altitude) and does it give you obstacle clearance

Answer 40

lowest altitude on an airway where the plane is assured to get both VOR signals but NO obstacle clearance

Question 41

When you’re in DMR #1 and #5 (B.C and high north), how much obstacle clearance does the MOCA give you when there’s no other published altitude? when is the exception where you’re in an airway in this zone but you aren’t given *** ft obstacle clearance?

Answer 41

2000 ft except for airways used for departure/approach obv

Question 42

When you’re in DMR #2,3,4 , how much obstacle clearance does the MOCA give you when there’s no other published altitude?

Answer 42

1500 ft

Question 43

when you’re not within a DMR, how much obstacle clearances does the MOCA give you

Answer 43

1000 ft

Question 44

what is the minimum sector altitude

Answer 44

lowest altitude where you have 1000 ft obstacle clearance above all objects located within a 25 NM of a radio navigation aid

Question 45

what is the safe altitude 100 NM

Answer 45

lowest altitude where you have 1000 ft obstacle clearance in a 100 NM radius around an aerodrome

Question 46

what is the minimum vectoring altitude

Answer 46

lowest altitude where ATC can safely vector a plane using radar (gives 1000-2000 ft obstacle clearance)

Question 47

what is the transition altitude

Answer 47

altitude where pilots switch from local altimeter setting to 29.92