Unit 4- Male Reproductive

Question 1

Cryptorchidism

Answer 1

Incomplete descent of the testes, hypoplasia and lack of spermatogenesis

Question 2

Normal testicular descent

Answer 2

By birth or by 3 months in dogs

Question 3

Dog Cryptorchid Neoplasia

Answer 3

Sertoli cell tumor and seminoma

Question 4

Horse Cryptorchid Neoplasia

Answer 4

Seminoma and Teratoma

Question 5

Testicular Hypoplasia

Answer 5

Testes failing to grow to normal size after puberty, caused by cryptorchidism or reduced production of LH and FSH, no spermatogenesis

Question 6

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Answer 6

XXY tricholor male cat with testicular hypoplasia

Question 7

Testicular Atrophy

Answer 7

Reduce in size after puberty, most common cause of infertility, small and firm but epididymis is normal or enlarged

Question 8

Cause of Testicular Atrophy

Answer 8

Trauma, loss of blood flow, age, chemotherapy, epididymitis, scrotal disease, hormone, neoplasia

Question 9

Hypoplasia vs Atrophy

Answer 9

Hypoplastic testicle is small and freely movable with small epididymis, atrophic testicle is small and firm and attached to scrotal wall, epididymis is normal and regeneration is possible

Question 10

Orchitis

Answer 10

Associated with epididymitis, hematogenous, direct penetration, ascending infection, or peritoneal spread

Question 11

Hematogenous Orchitis

Answer 11

Brucella abortus in bulls

Question 12

Ascending Orchitis

Answer 12

E. coli

Question 13

Peritoneal Orchitis

Answer 13

FIP, glasser’s disease in cats

Question 14

Epididymal Segmental Aplasia/Hypoplasia

Answer 14

body and tail of epididymis in bull, unilateral, can cause secondary testicular degeneration, sperm impaction

Question 15

Spermatic Granuloma

Answer 15

Granulomatous response to epidiymal rupture and spermatozoa in interstitium, congentially due to blind-end deferent ductules in epididymal head

Question 16

Epididymitis

Answer 16

Unilateral, leads to testicular degeneration

Question 17

Noninfectious Epididymitis

Answer 17

Trauma, obstructions with secondary spermatic granuloma

Question 18

Infectious Epididymitis

Answer 18

AScending from Actinobacillus, H somni, or hematogenous from Brucella

Question 19

Testicular Tumors

Answer 19

More common in dog, sometimes in horse, mostly benign, sertoli cell tumor, leydig tumor, or germ cell tumor

Question 20

Interstitial Cell Tumor

Answer 20

Leydig cells, tan-orange, well demarcated, soft, and spherical, common with cyst and hemorrhage

Question 21

Sertoli Cell Tumor

Answer 21

Firm, white, multilobulated, most common in cryptorchid canine

Question 22

Sertoli Cell Tumor Clinical Signs

Answer 22

Produce estrogen, gynecomastia, penile and testicular atrophy, loss of libido, alopecia and hyperpigmentation, bone marrow suppression, squamous metaplasia in prostate

Question 23

Seminoma

Answer 23

Germinal cells in seminiferous tubules, glistening and soft, multicentric, more invasive with possible metastasis

Question 24

Teratoma

Answer 24

Germ cell tumor, young cryptorchid stallions, large, solid, benign, have hair, bone, mucus, and teeth

Question 25

Variocele

Answer 25

Dilation of spermatic veins in pampiniform plexus, older rams, common thrombosis, affect thermoregulation and lead to degeneration

Question 26

Spermatic Cord Torsion

Answer 26

Testicles with neoplasms or cryptorchid

Question 27

Funisitis

Answer 27

Spermatic cord inflammation, contamination of castration wounds

Question 28

Vesicular Adenitits

Answer 28

Seminal vesicles infected, chronic form is enlarged and firm, common in bull, diagnosed by rectal palpation

Question 29

Prostatitis

Answer 29

Older intact dogs, prostatic hyperplasia, ascending infection, hematogenous Brucella infection, can lead to UTI and constipation

Question 30

Prostatic Neoplasia

Answer 30

Prostatic epithelium or urethral epithelium in old dogs, asymmetric, metastasize to bone

Question 31

Equine Herpesvirus 3

Answer 31

Equine coital exanthema, ulcerative balanoposthitis

Question 32

Bovine Herpesvirus 1

Answer 32

Infectious balanoposthtis

Question 33

Corynebacterium renale

Answer 33

Castrated rams urinate in prepuce, urea in urine broken down by bacteria, ammonia causes ulcerative posthitis

Question 34

Habronemiasis

Answer 34

Granulomatous balanoposthitis in horse

Question 35

Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 35

Sheath and penis of older horses, can arise from previous papilloma from equine papillomavirus 2, tumors and ulceration

Question 36

Fibropailloma

Answer 36

Young bulls, bovine papillomavirus 1 and, mass on surface, spontaneous regression