Unit 6 Review

Question 1

Which system includes skin, hair and nails?

Answer 1

integumentary

Question 2

What are the functions of the muscular system?

Answer 2

movement of skeleton, blood and food in the digestive system

Question 3

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

Answer 3

transport molecules (oxygen, hormones, nutrients) throughout the body, remove waste, regulate temperature

Question 4

Which system is primarily responsible for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen?

Answer 4

respiratory

Question 5

What are the organs of the excretory system?

Answer 5

kidney, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters, skin and lungs

Question 6

What are the functions of the lymphatic and immune systems?

Answer 6

protection from disease, return lost fluid to the circulatory system

Question 7

How is it possible for an organ to belong to more than one system?

Answer 7

An organ can have more than one function Ex. Lungs take in oxygen (respiratory) and remove carbon dioxide (excretory)

Question 8

What is the body’s most important nonspecific defense?

Answer 8

skin

Question 9

Which two body systems are responsible for regulation of body functions?

Answer 9

endocrine and nervous

Question 10

What is the term for the ability to maintain stable internal conditions independent of the conditions that exist in the environment?

Answer 10

homeostasis

Question 11

How does your integumentary system maintain homeostasis in hot and cold temperatures?

Answer 11

hot–sweat, blood vessels dilate cold–“goosebumps,” shiver, blood vessels contract

Question 12

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 12

structural support, protection, movement, store minerals, make blood cells

Question 13

What are the 3 types of muscle?

Answer 13

smooth, skeletal, and cardiac (heart)

Question 14

Name 4 organs of the skeletal system.

Answer 14

bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons

Question 15

What are the 2 functions of the excretory system?

Answer 15

remove waste products and maintain homeostasis

Question 16

How are the lytic and lysogenic cycles different?

Answer 16

lytic cycle bursts the host cell right away, but the lysogenic cycle becomes part of the host cell DNA and can remain dormant for years

Question 17

What are 3 roles of bacteria in the environment?

Answer 17

nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, nutrient recycling

Question 18

List 3 reasons viruses are not considered to be alive.

Answer 18

cannot metabolize their own energy, can only reproduce inside a host cell, and are not made of cells

Question 19

List and describe the steps of the lytic cycle.

Answer 19

attachment–virus attaches to host cell membrane entry–virus injects nucleic acid into host cell replication and assembly–host cell makes virus particles release–host cell bursts and releases virus particles

Question 20

What is the term for a virus that infects bacteria?

Answer 20

bacteriophage

Question 21

This is a simple form of sexual reproduction in bacteria.

Answer 21

conjugation

Question 22

What do living cells and viruses both contain?

Answer 22

nucleic acids

Question 23

What is the purpose of an endospore?

Answer 23

protects the bacterium in an unfavorable environment

Question 24

What are the 2 parts of a virus?

Answer 24

capsid (protein coat) and DNA/RNA (nucleic acid)

Question 25

What is the term for asexual reproduction in bacteria?

Answer 25

binary fission

Question 26

Name 3 ways bacteria can be classified.

Answer 26

shape, movement, how they obtain energy

Question 27

What is this bacterial shape?

Answer 27

coccus

Question 28

What is this bacterial shape?

Answer 28

bacillus

Question 29

What is this bacterial shape?

Answer 29

spirillum

Question 30

How are eubacteria and archaebacteria alike?

Answer 30

unicellular, prokaryotic, have cell walls

Question 31

How are eubacteria and archaebacteria different?

Answer 31

cell wall composition and location (archaebacteria live in extreme environments)

Question 32

What does a virus need in order to reproduce?

Answer 32

host cell

Question 33

Describe virus size in general and in relation to other viruses.

Answer 33

They are all tiny in general, but compared to each other, they vary greatly in size and structure.

Question 34

What does it mean when we say a virus is host specific?

Answer 34

they are only able to infect certain cells because the capsid must fit the host cell

Question 35

What type of disease can be treated with antibiotics?

Answer 35

bacterial

Question 36

What happens in your bloodstream when you are given a vaccination?

Answer 36

You develop the ability to form antibodies to that specific disease.

Question 37

What is the effect of refrigeration on bacteria?

Answer 37

slows reproduction

Question 38

Which cells are targeted by HIV?

Answer 38

helper T cells

Question 39

What is the best defense against pathogens in your food?

Answer 39

cooking

Question 40

What is the benefit of having memory B cells against a certain pathogen?

Answer 40

You are less likely to have the disease again.