Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Euro > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What were the two major political ideologies in Europe during the 20th century?

A

Democracy and communism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany?

A

It imposed harsh penalties, leading to resentment and a desire for revenge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What economic event in the 1930s had a devastating impact on Europe?

A

The Great Depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What rise in political parties was influenced by high unemployment rates during the Great Depression?

A

Extremist political parties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was a significant social issue in Europe during the 20th century?

A

Nationalism and ethnic tensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What event triggered World War I?

A

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was one of the causes of World War I related to competition for territories?

A

Imperialism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fill in the blank: The first tanks used in combat during WWI were the _______.

A

British Mark I tank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of warfare characterized the Western Front during WWI?

A

Trench warfare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False: The Eastern Front during WWI was primarily characterized by trench warfare.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was the Armenian Genocide?

A

The systematic extermination of the Armenian people by the Ottoman Empire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the main outcome of the Versailles Conference held in 1919?

A

The Treaty of Versailles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What organization was established by the Treaty of Versailles to promote peace?

A

League of Nations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What economic crisis began in 1929 and lasted until 1939?

A

The Great Depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was a major cause of the Great Depression related to the stock market?

A

Stock market crash of 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What political outcome did the Great Depression contribute to in Germany?

A

The rise of the Nazi Party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fill in the blank: Keynesian Economics advocates for government intervention during _______.

A

economic downturns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who led the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia?

A

Vladimir Lenin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the outcome of the Civil War following the Bolshevik Revolution?

A

The establishment of the Soviet Union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was a significant characteristic of the Russian Civil War?

A

Multi-party conflict between the Red Army and the White Army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What were the major battles of the Eastern Front during WWI?

A
  • Battle of Tannenberg
  • Brusilov Offensive
  • Siege of Przemysl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: The Treaty of Versailles was unanimously accepted in Germany.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What was one of the consequences of the harsh penalties imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Contributed to the rise of Adolf Hitler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What was the Bolshevik Revolution’s response to in Russia?

A

Social, economic, and political conditions characterized by poverty and repression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What year was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
1919
26
What was the main focus of the League of Nations?
Promoting peace and cooperation among nations
27
What is Keynesian Economics?
An economic theory developed by John Maynard Keynes that advocates for government intervention in the economy to stabilize it during economic downturns. ## Footnote It suggests increasing government spending during recessions to stimulate economic growth.
28
Who developed Marxist Economics?
Karl Marx. ## Footnote This theory advocates for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a socialist economy.
29
What does Marxist Economics suggest about capitalism?
That it is inherently exploitative and leads to inequality and poverty. ## Footnote It proposes that the means of production should be owned by the workers with profits distributed equally.
30
What is the core principle of Austrian Economics?
Advocacy for free markets and limited government intervention in the economy. ## Footnote It argues that the market is the most efficient way to allocate resources.
31
Define Fascism.
A political ideology characterized by extreme nationalism, authoritarianism, and belief in the superiority of one's own race or nation. ## Footnote Fascists reject democracy and emphasize the importance of the state.
32
What is Totalitarianism?
A form of government where the state has total control over all aspects of society and the lives of its citizens. ## Footnote Totalitarian regimes eliminate all opposition and dissent, often using violence and terror.
33
List some examples of totalitarian regimes.
* Soviet Union under Stalin * China under Mao Zedong * North Korea under the Kim dynasty ## Footnote These regimes are known for their oppressive control over citizens.
34
What distinguishes fascism from totalitarianism?
Fascism emphasizes nationalism while totalitarianism seeks to control all aspects of society. ## Footnote Fascist regimes often have a charismatic leader, while totalitarian regimes may have a ruling party.
35
What are common characteristics of authoritarian and fascist leaders?
* Centralized power * Oppression of opposition * Nationalism * Propaganda * Militarism * Personality cult ## Footnote These leaders maintain control through various means, often suppressing dissent.
36
Who was Adolf Hitler?
Leader of Nazi Germany, initiated World War II, and was responsible for the Holocaust. ## Footnote He committed suicide in 1945.
37
What was Kristallnacht?
A pogrom against Jews in Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938, marked by widespread violence and destruction of Jewish property. ## Footnote Over 1,000 synagogues were burned, and thousands of Jewish businesses were vandalized.
38
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
A set of anti-Semitic laws introduced in 1935 designed to exclude Jews from German society and strip them of their rights as citizens. ## Footnote These laws included the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour and the Reich Citizenship Law.
39
Fill in the blank: The Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh penalties on _______.
Germany ## Footnote This treaty ended World War I and contributed to the rise of the Nazi Party.
40
What was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
It prevented Germany from gaining air superiority over Britain and forced Hitler to abandon plans to invade. ## Footnote This battle was pivotal in the European Theatre.
41
What was the outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad?
It marked the first major defeat of the German Army and led to their eventual retreat from the Soviet Union. ## Footnote This battle is considered a turning point in World War II.
42
What was the focus of the Pacific Theatre during World War II?
Fought between the Allied Powers and the Empire of Japan, characterized by naval, air, and land battles. ## Footnote Significant battles included Midway and Guadalcanal.
43
True or False: The League of Nations was successful in preventing the aggression of fascist powers.
False. ## Footnote Its failure to take decisive action undermined its credibility and contributed to World War II.
44
What characterized fascist movements in Eastern Europe?
Fueled by national humiliation, anti-Semitism, and a desire for national pride. ## Footnote Examples include the Arrow Cross Party in Hungary and the Iron Guard in Romania.
45
What was Kristallnacht?
A coordinated attack on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues, resulting in widespread destruction.
46
How many synagogues were burned during Kristallnacht?
Over 1,000 synagogues were burned.
47
What was the estimated number of Jews killed during Kristallnacht?
At least 91 Jews were killed.
48
What does the name 'Kristallnacht' refer to?
The broken glass that littered the streets after the attacks.
49
What marked a turning point in Nazi policy towards Jews?
Kristallnacht marked a turning point in Nazi policy towards Jews.
50
What was the Holocaust?
A genocide during World War II where six million Jews were systematically murdered.
51
Which other groups were targeted during the Holocaust?
* Roma * Disabled individuals * Homosexuals * Political dissidents
52
What ideology fueled Nazi anti-Semitism?
The belief in the superiority of the Aryan race.
53
What role did propaganda play in the Holocaust?
It dehumanized Jews and other targeted groups.
54
What were ghettos?
Overcrowded areas established by Nazis to isolate Jews from society.
55
What was the purpose of concentration camps?
To imprison and torture individuals deemed enemies of the state.
56
What was the most infamous death camp?
Auschwitz-Birkenau.
57
How many people were estimated to be murdered at Auschwitz-Birkenau?
Approximately 1.1 million people.
58
What were the consequences of the Holocaust?
* Six million Jews murdered * Establishment of the state of Israel * Profound impact on Jewish culture and identity
59
What year did the Allies liberate the concentration and death camps?
1945.
60
What was the impact of World War I on Europe?
Devastation of lives and economies.
61
What did the Treaty of Versailles impose on Germany?
Full responsibility for the war and reparations to the Allies.
62
What organization was established after World War II to promote international cooperation?
The United Nations.
63
What is existentialism?
A philosophical movement emphasizing individual freedom and choice.
64
What did the Beat Generation reject?
Mainstream culture and materialism.
65
What is the focus of feminism as an intellectual movement?
Gender equality and women's rights.
66
What does postmodernism emphasize?
The role of language and culture in shaping reality.
67
What demographic trend is seen in developed countries post-World War II?
Aging populations due to increased life expectancy and lower birth rates.
68
What significant economic change occurred after the Cold War?
The spread of capitalism and neoliberal economic policies.
69
Fill in the blank: The Holocaust is one of the most horrific examples of _______.
[genocide]
70
True or False: Women served in the military during World War II.
True.
71
What was one role women played during World War II?
They worked in factories and served as military nurses.
72
What was the impact of the 2008 global financial crisis?
Increased inequality and economic instability.

AP Euro (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions