Unit 9

Question 1

Fertilized egg

Answer 1

Zygote

Question 2

Branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan

Answer 2

Developmental Psychology

Question 3

Developing human organism from about two weeks after fertilization through two months

Answer 3

Embryo

Question 4

The developing human organism from two months after conception to birth

Answer 4

Fetus

Question 5

Agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development

Answer 5

Teratogens

Question 6

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in kids caused by a pregnant woman’s drinking

Answer 6

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Question 7

Decrease in responding with repeated stimulation

Answer 7

Habituation

Question 8

Biological growth process that enable orderly changes in behavior, mostly influenced by behavior

Answer 8

Maturation

Question 9

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Answer 9

Cognition

Question 10

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets info

Answer 10

Schema

Question 11

Interpreting our new experience in terms of existing schemas

Answer 11

Assimilation

Question 12

Adapting our current understanding (schema) to incorporate new information

Answer 12

Accommodation

Question 13

Experiencing the world through senses and actions

Answer 13

Sensorimotor

Question 14

Representing things with words and images, using intuitive reasoning

Answer 14

Pre-operational

Question 15

Thinking logically about concrete events

Answer 15

Concrete Operational Thinking

Question 16

Abstract reasoning

Answer 16

Formal Operational Thinking

Question 17

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Answer 17

Object Permanence

Question 18

Principle that quantity remains the same, despite changes in shape

Answer 18

Conservation

Question 19

In Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another person’s point of view

Answer 19

Egocentrism

Question 20

People’s ideas about their own and others mental states about feelings, perceptions, and thoughts

Answer 20

Theory of Mind

Question 21

Fear of strangers that infants commonly display at about 8 months

Answer 21

Stranger Anxiety

Question 22

An emotional tie with another person, shown in young kids by their seeking closeness to their caregiver

Answer 22

Attachment

Question 23

An optimal period shortly after birth when an organism’s exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Answer 23

Critical Period

Question 24

Process when certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

Answer 24

Imprinted

Question 25

A person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

Answer 25

Temperament

Question 26

According to Erik-Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy

Answer 26

Basic Trust

Question 27

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves

Answer 27

Self-Concept

Question 28

The biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female

Answer 28

Gender

Question 29

Chromosome from mom

Answer 29

X-Chromosome

Question 30

Chromosome from dad

Answer 30

Y-Chromosome

Question 31

Set of expected behaviors for male and female

Answer 31

Gender Roles

Question 32

Our sense of being male or female

Answer 32

Gender Identity

Question 33

The acquisition of traditional masculine/feminine roles

Answer 33

Gender Typing

Question 34

Children learn social (and gender) behaviors by observing and mimicking them

Answer 34

Social Learning Theory

Question 35

Transition period from childhood to adulthood, from puberty to independence

Answer 35

Adolescence

Question 36

Period of sexual maturation when a person becomes able to reproduce

Answer 36

Puberty

Question 37

Body structures that make sexual reproduction possible (ovaries and testes)

Answer 37

Primary Sex Characteristics

Question 38

No reproductive sexual characteristics (boobs/hips and body hair/deep voice)

Answer 38

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Question 39

Breast development and menstrual cycle in girls, first ejaculation in boys

Answer 39

Start of Puberty

Question 40

From late teens to mid twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood

Answer 40

Emerging Adulthood

Question 41

Natural cessation of menstruation as well as the biological changes women experience as her reproduction ability decreases

Answer 41

Menopause

Question 42

Study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

Answer 42

Cross-sectional Study

Question 43

Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period

Answer 43

Longitudinal Study

Question 44

Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; increases with age

Answer 44

Crystallized Intelligence

Question 45

Our ability to reason abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood

Answer 45

Fluid Intelligence

Question 46

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement

Answer 46

Social Clock