Flashcards in Unit IV COPY Deck (90)
1
Administration of fluids, blood components and/or medication into a vein
Intravenous
2
Include electrolyte solutions, vitamins, nutrient preparations and commercial blood "fractions" designed to be administered into a vein
Intravenous fluids
3
Solutions containing protein or starch molecules that remain uniformly distributed in fluid (do not dissolve) fail to form. True solution
Colloid
4
Non-colloid (salts), electrolyte solution
Crystalloid
5
The insertion of a needle or catheter into a vein
Vein puncture
6
Extremities, vs. use of central vein
Peripheral IV therapy
7
Catheter inserted into a centrally located vein unusually subclavian or jugular
Central venous catheter or central line (CVC)
8
Entry into the vascular system via the insertion of a catheter into a peripheral vein threaded through to the superior vena cava
Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
9
Surgically placed under skin and accesses vascular system internally
Implanted ports
10
catheters, cannulas, or infustion ports usually disned for long term repeated access to the vasculr system
vascular access device (VAD)
11
by route other than GI into tissue
parenteral
12
nutrionally adequate hypertonic solution, usually given via CVC
total parental nutrition (TPN)
13
vesicant solution is administered into surrounding tissue, vesicants are solutions capable of causing tissue injury or destruction if they escape into surrounding tissue
Extravasation
tissue is destroyed
14
nonvesicant soultion is administered into surrounding tissue
infiltration
tissue is not destroyed
15
symptoms occur 48 hours or more after the Rx was given
delayed extravasation
16
pink
20
17
blue
22
18
what is the main purpose of IV therapy
hydration
19
who can order an IV
MD, PA, NP
20
2/3 of body fluids, has the most protein in it, located in the cells, having protein helps keep fluid in cells
intracellular fluids (ICF)
21
1/3 of bldy fluids, found outside of cell
extracellualr fluids
22
what are the 4 components of extracellualr fluid
intravascular
interstitial
transcellular
lymph
23
plasma space that is in the vessels, 2nd highest protein component
intravascular
24
fluid between cells
interstital
25
ceribral spinal space, GI tract, plural space are all considered what kind of fluid
transcelluar fluid
26
tissue fluid, mostly water but also has albumin, salt, ureia, glucose
lymph
27
movement of water across cell membranes from the less concentrated solution to the more concentrated solution
osmosis
28
body looses water ad electrolytes from the extracellular fluid
fluid volume deficit
29
fluid is colleced in certain areas
third space syndrome
30
fluid loss
hypovolemia
31
body retains water and sodium equally
fluid volume excess
32
increase in fluid volume (blood volume)
hypervolemia
33
intravascular and intersitial (legs & feet)
edema
have decreased protein levels
34
loose water, have excess sodium, water is drawn into the vascular compartment from the interstitial space
dehydration
35
too much water, not enough sodium
overhydration
36
has the same osmotic pressure as the cell, they can incresase extracellular fluid volume
isotonic
37
has a lower osmotic presser than the cell, cause the cell to swell resutling in water intoxication
Hypotonic
38
what is the most common additive
KCl
39
common IV fluids
D5/W
NS
0.9% S
NSS
D5 1/2 S
D5NS
LR
40
macrodrip
10 drops/mL
41
microdrip
60 drops/mL
42
IV tubing is good for ?
96 hours
43
Plain NS fluid is good for?
48 hours
44
what is placed on the lable
pts name
date/time up
date/time down
initials
45
KVO
10 gtts/min
46
normal output per da
1500 mL
47
what is the minimum output per hour
30 mL
48
is you have an incrase BUN, with creatin normal what could your pt have
dehydration
49
increase BUN & creatin
kidney damage
50
IV bags with medication must be changes every
24 hours
51
change IV site every
96 hours
52
what do you assess the IV site for
edema, erythema, drainage, pain pallor
53
flush jelco plug with
3 mL NS
54
IV sites started by paramedics must be changed within
24 hours
55
a local allergic reaction without pain or swelling
flare
56
what do you do with a infiltration or extravastation
stop IV, elevate, cool compress
57
inflammation of vein
phlebitis
58
clot formation with phlebitis
thrombophlebitis
59
result of an invastion of pathogens that are localized in the surrounding tissues
infection
60
what is a sign of phlebitis/thrombophlebitis
heat
61
what is a sign of infection
pus
62
pathogenic microorganism in the blood
septicemia
63
where is septicemia usually found
cental line
64
air inadvertently enters the venous system
air embolism
65
if you suspect an air embolism what should you do
turn pt on left side to trap air in the right atrium
66
occurs when a portio nof the catheter breaks off and flows into the vascular system
catheter embolism
67
results from a rapid introduction of a medicaion into the circulatory system
speed shock
68
decompensation of the circultory system due to excessive volume of fluid
circulatory overload
69
what is a late sign of circulatory overload
cyanosis
70
what is an early sign of circulatory overload
crackles
71
how often should a flush be done
q8hrs
72
dextrose in water contains
H2O, glucose
73
Saline contains
NaCl
74
dextrose in saline contains
glucose, NaCl
75
lactated ringers
NaCl, KCl, CaCl, H2O
76
1 inch
2.54 cm
77
1 liter
1,000 mL
78
1 kg
2.2 lbs
79
1 teaspoon
5 mL
80
1 tablespoon
15mL
81
1 oz
30 mL
82
1gr
60 mg
83
My Dear Cat Loves Xtra Vitamins Intensely
M = 1000, D = 500, C = 100, L = 50, X = 10, V = 5, I = 1
84
1kg
1000g
85
1g
1000mg
86
has a higher osmotic pressure than the cell,may cause to shrink resulting in dyhydration
Hypertonic
87
1ml
15 minim or drops
88
1 Dram
4 ml
89
1gr
60-65 mg
90