Flashcards in Vision Problems 2- Oculomotor Deck (33):
1
What is strabismus
misalignment of the visual axies
2
Paralytic (non-comitant) strabismus
characterized by the presence of variable angles of deviation in different fields of gaze.
- Adults
- Diplopia (double vision)
- No amblyopia (lazy eye)
3
What is generally the cause of paralytic strabismus?
weakness of one of the extra-ocular muscles.
4
Non-paralytic strabismus or comitant strabismus
-Children
- Angle of deviation remains constant in different fields of gaze
- No diplopia- brain suppresses one of the images
- Amblyopia
- no identifiable muscle weakness
5
Tropia
Visible deviation always
6
Phoria
visual deviation only when fusion is disrupted (covering one eye)
7
Esotropia
crossed eyes
8
Exotropia
outward eyes
9
Hypertropia
upward eyes
10
Hypotropia
downward eyes
11
duction refers to
movement of one eye
12
version refers to
movement of both eyes
13
vergence
movement of both eyes in the same direction...like convergence where both move towards the nose
14
Intorsion
Rotation of the 12 o'clock position of the cornea toward the nose
15
What muscles control intorsion?
superior rectus and superior oblique
16
Extorsion
rotation of the 12 o'clock position away from the nose....inferior rectus and inferior oblique
17
superiors
intorsion
18
Inferiors
extorsion
19
Recti
aduction
20
Oblique
abduction
21
slide 28
just know how the different muscles are affecting eye movement at different gazes etc..
22
Nystagmus
rhythmic, involuntary, to and from motion of the eyes. Motion may be horizontal, vertical, rotary, or combinations of directions
23
Jerk nystagmus
generally seen in neurological disorders
24
Pendular nystagmus
equal amplitude to and fro, usually seen in poor vision
25
Binbocular diplopia
when the seeing of two images is relieved by closing eother eye. Generally the result of paresis of an EOM
26
Monocular diplopia
goes away when the pt closes the affected eye but does not go away if they close the unaffected eye
27
Monocular diplopia usually the result of
irregularities in the optical system of the eye
28
CN III symptoms
- weakness of MR, SR, IR, IO
- Ptosis (weakened levator)
- Non-reactive pupil
- eye down and out
THIS IS SERIOUS
29
common cause of CN III palsy
Aneurysm at the junction of the post communicating and posterior cerebral
30
Paralysis of CN III with normal pupilary responses
Usually a microvascular cause. Patients are generally elderly, have diabetes or hypertension.
May have mild pain at onset.
Recovery within 3-4 months spontaneous
31
CN VI palsy
causes loss of abduction by the eye, the medial rectus then pulls the eye in causing esotropia
32
Esotropia increases as the patient looks?
towards the side of the lesion...think about it. It makes sense
33