Week 1: Inorganic Chemistry Basics

Question 1

What is the chemistry term which deals with chemistry of atoms?

Answer 1

Inorganic chemistry

Question 2

What is the chemistry term which is deals with the chemistry of carbon?

Answer 2

Organic chemistry

Question 3

Anything named “______” is a single nucleus made of protons and neutrons, with a cloud of orbiting electrons.

Answer 3

atom

Question 4

What specifically in a nucleus determines the element of the atom.

Answer 4

count of protons

Question 5

What is the basic structure of the atom, regardless of which element?

Answer 5

nucleus composed of protons and neutrons, in an orbital cloud or shell of electrons

Question 6

What is the only element without a neutron?

Answer 6

Hydrogen

Question 7

When the electron is stripped away from a hydrogen element, what is it called?

Answer 7

Hydrogen ion (also proton or H+)

Question 8

What are the number of electrons orbiting around the nucleus determined by?

Answer 8

chemical properties of that element

Question 9

What is the characteristic number of electrons lost or gained from the electron cloud of the atom?

Answer 9

valence

Question 10

What is created when 2 or more atoms interact and bind together by electron behaviors?

Answer 10

a molecule is formed

Question 11

What are the electrical charges of a proton, electron and a neutron?

Answer 11

proton = +
electron = -
neutron = no charge

Question 12

What is the cloud that can have many energetic states called?

Answer 12

layers or electron shells

Question 13

What is the term for a varying neutron count called?

Answer 13

isotope

Question 14

What is the name of the chart of all the elements found in nature and synthetic elements created in nuclear reactors?

Answer 14

Periodic Table of Elements

Question 15

What is the most common loss or gain of electrons from the electron cloud by a particular element?

Answer 15

charge state

Question 16

______ ______ is a general term that describes charge state.

Answer 16

valence state

Question 17

___________ is one of the most important concepts in chemistry.

Answer 17

Electroneutrality

Question 18

What property is taken advantage of in biological systems to create cellular energy?

Answer 18

Electroneutrality

Question 19

What are the 2 powerful/strong kinds of electron behaviors?

Answer 19

1) covalent bond

2) ionic bond

Question 20

Type of bond where electrons are shared freely from one electron cloud to another, bonding an atom to another atom.

Answer 20

Covalent bond

Question 21

Type of bond where charge polarities in molecules create electronic attraction of +/- which link atoms by attraction to their opposite charge.

Answer 21

Ionic bond

Question 22

What molecule is considered a covalent bond?

Answer 22

water molecule

Question 23

What is the most common bond in biochemistry?

Answer 23

covalent bond

Question 24

How adjacent atoms are ionically bound to each other.

Answer 24

electrostatic attraction

Question 25

__________ bonds are the most common mild-force weak bonds.

Answer 25

Hydrogen

Question 26

What is the most common mild-force weak bond?

Answer 26

hydrogen bonding

Question 27

Carbon and chlorine are ___-_______ molecules

Answer 27

non-polar

Question 28

Anything with Carbon is going to be ____________ bonded

Answer 28

covalently

Question 29

Glucose is a _______________

Answer 29

molecule

Question 30

_________________________ are huge numbers of molecules bonded together to form giant molecules

Answer 30

Macromolecules

Question 31

Positively charged ions like Na+ or Ca+2 are known as _______

Answer 31

cations

Question 32

When an ionic compound dissolves in water and the atoms are distributed throughout the water, but still electrically neutral.

Answer 32

dissolution

Question 33

When anions and cations crystallize together these dissolved ionic compounds are called ________

Answer 33

salts

Question 34

PH means

Answer 34

percent hydrogen

Question 35

Sulfuric acid is a strong acid because it only ________ holds the Hydrogen ions to it

Answer 35

weakly

Question 36

Pure water has a ph of _____

Answer 36

7

Question 37

T/F DNA is an acid

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Sulfuric acid is known as a ________ acid compound

Answer 38

simple

Question 39

The Hydroxide ion, OH-, is the most common anion that produces _________ solutions

Answer 39

basic

Question 40

When atoms have much less definitive ability to keep a compound bound together.

Answer 40

Weak bonds

Question 41

What is one major weak bond?

Answer 41

hydrogen bonding

Question 42

What property has a net off-balanced charge - has a positively-charged side and a negatively charged side (having a pole)?

Answer 42

polarity

Question 43

What property has a 3-dimentional symmetrical distribution of its atoms, so has a neutral, balanced change due to the balance of its structure (no polarity)?

Answer 43

non-polar

Question 44

What commonly used term in chemistry signifies an atom that is dissolved in water and has either a positive or negative charge?

Answer 44

ion

Question 45

__________ huge numbers of molecules bonded together to form giant molecules.

Answer 45

Macromolecules

Question 46

(T/F) Anything with carbon will be covalently bonded.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

When an ionic compound dissolves in water and the atoms is distributed throughout the water, but still electrically neutral.

Answer 47

dissolution

Question 48

When a compound determines how easily or how much of the compound will dissolve in water.

Answer 48

Dissolution potential

Question 49

(T/F) Covalent molecules also dissolve in water and dissociates.

Answer 49

False - Covalent molecules dissolve in water, but do NOTdissociate.

Question 50

(T/F) Life systems are a complex array of polar and non-polar substances and fluids.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

The quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent.

Answer 51

Solubility

Question 52

What are positively charged ions?

Answer 52

cations

Question 53

What are negatively charged ions?

Answer 53

anions

Question 54

When anions and cations crystallize together, these dissolved ionic compounds are called?

Answer 54

salts

Question 55

What is the acronym pH?

Answer 55

percent hydrogen

Question 56

What is the pH of pure water?

Answer 56

7

Question 57

What property in the solution has an excess of H+?

Answer 57

acid

Question 58

What property in the solution has an excess of negative ions?

Answer 58

basic