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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > week 10- Wrist > Flashcards

week 10- Wrist Flashcards

(107 cards)

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1
Q

How many phalanges are there

A

14
Proximal
Middle
Distal

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2
Q

How many metacarpals are there

A

5

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3
Q

How many carpals are there

A

4- distal caprals
4- proximal carpals

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4
Q

How many sesamoids are there

A

2

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5
Q

List the joints of the hand

A

Radio-carpal joint
Inter-carpal joint
Mid-carpal joint
Carpalmetacarpal joint

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6
Q

List nerves of wrist and hand

A

Ulna nerve
Median nerve
Radial nerve

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7
Q

Blood supply

A

Ulna and radial artery form superficial and deep palmar arches

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8
Q

Scaphoid location

A

Most lateral and inferior bone of the hand

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9
Q

Lunate bone location

A

Located between scaphoid and pisiform
Centrally and inferior of the hand

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10
Q

Pisiform bone location

A

Medially and infeiorly on hand
Small bone
Next to triquetrum( inferior and medial to)
Next to lunate

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11
Q

Triquetrum bone location

A

Laterally and superior to pisiform

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12
Q

Trapezium bone location

A

Trapezius shaped
Distal yo scaphoid

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13
Q

Trapezoid bone location

A

Lateral to trapezium
Distal to scaphoid

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14
Q

Capitate bone location

A

Larger bone
Central, distal to lunate and some of scaphoid
Medially is trapezoid
Laterally is hamate

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15
Q

Hamate bone location

A

Distal to triquetrum
Most Lateral and distal bone

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16
Q

Distal transverse crease location

A

Inferior to metacarpals, the line that is transverse across the hand

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17
Q

Proximal transverse crease location

A

Inferior to distal transverse crease, line that curves proximally

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18
Q

Middle crease location

A

Inferior to proximal transverse crease
Medial to thenar crease

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19
Q

Radio carpal joint type

A

Synovial
Condyloid

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20
Q

Wrist Flexors

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Pronator quadratus
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21
Q

how do you find the palamaris longus tendon

A

extend your hand in front of you, anterior and palmar aspect facing up
flex your hand, examine your wrist
the raised ridge that runs centrally on the wrist is the PALAMARIS LONGUS TENDON

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22
Q

superficial wrist extensors

A
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis* Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor digiti minimi
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Anconeus
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23
Q

deep wrist extensors

A
  • Supinator
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor pollicis brevis
  • Extensor pollicis longus
  • Extensor indicis
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24
Q

proximal articulating surfaces of the radiocarpal (wrist) joiunt

A

distal end of the radius,the articular disk

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25
distal articulating surfaces of the radiocarpal (wrist) joint
Distally: Scaphoid, Lunate and Triquetrum (except Pisiform) * The Ulna is NOT a part of the wrist joint
26
ligaments of radiocarpal joint
Palmar radiocarpal ligament * Dorsal radiocarpal ligament * Ulnar Collateral ligaments Radial Collateral ligaments
27
which ligament of the wrist is most medial
ulnar collateral ligamnent
28
which ligament of the wrist is most lateral
radial collateral ligament
29
movements of radiocarpal joint
Flexion * Extension * Abduction / Radial Deviation * Adduction / Ulnar deviation
30
why can the hand be adducted to a greater degree
Because the radial styloid process extends further distally than does theulnar styloid process, the hand can be adducted to a greater degree than itcan be abducted
31
ulnar nerve location
most mefial descends on the medial aspect of the forearm, over the flexor digitorum profundus muscle deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.
32
median nerve location
derived from the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus Innervates the flexor and pronator muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm Also supplies innervation to the thenar muscles and lateral two lumbricals in the hand. (tip of thumb, index, third and half ring finger dorsl view thumb, index, third and half ring finger palmar view)
33
radial nerve location
most lateral (palmar view from proximal phalange to metacarpal body dorsal view, thumb, first and second middle phalange) origin: axillary region. descends posterior surface of humorous. passes through cubital fossa and terminates in posterior compartment of forearm
34
Where do wrist flexors originate
Medial epicondyles
35
Name phrase to learn hand bones
Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle
36
Using a phrase, list carpals
Some- scaphoid Lovers- lunate Try- triquetreum Positions- pisiform That- trapezium They- trapezoid Can’t- capitate Handle- hamate
37
Which side are flexor muscles located
Palm up
38
Which side are extensor muscles located
Palm down
39
Where do pollicis muscles go to
Thumb
40
Where do indicis go to
Index finger
41
Where do minimi muscles go
Little finger
42
Movements of digits of hand
Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Thumb flexion Thumb extension Palmer adduction Palmer abduction of thumb Opposition of thumb and fingers
43
What does the first metacarsal articulate with
Trapezium
44
What is scaphoid between
Trapezium and radius
45
What does the capitate articulate with
Third metacarpal
46
Origin of flexor carpi radialis
Medial epicondyle of the humerous
47
Insertion of flexor carpi radialis
Trapezium 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone
48
Action of flexor carpi radialis
Flexion
49
Origin of palamaris longus
Medial epicondyle of the humerous
50
Palamaris longus insertion
Flexor rectinaculum
51
Action of palamaris longus
Flexion
52
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin
Medial epicondyle of the humerous
53
Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
Pisiform Hook of hamate Base of 5th metacarpal
54
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
Flexion Adduction
55
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerous Olecranon
56
Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
Crosses forearm Base of 5th metacarpal
57
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extension
58
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerous Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerous
59
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal
60
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Supination Pronation Radial/ulnar deviation Elbow flexion / extension Wrist flexion / extension
61
extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerous
62
extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
Base of 3rd metacarpal
63
extensor carpi radialis brevis action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint
64
Flexor digitorum suoerficialis origin
Medial epicondyle Coronoid process of ulna
65
Flexor digitorum suoerficialis insertion
Sides of middle phalanges 2-3
66
Flexor digitorum suoerficialis action
Finger flexion
67
Flexor digitorum profundus origin
Proximal 1/2 anterior surface of ulna Interaseous membrane
68
Flexor digitorum profundus insertion
Palmar surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5
69
Flexor digitorum profundus action
2-5 finger flexiom
70
What does the ulna articulate with
Lunate
71
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis origin
he ECRL originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, while the ECRB originates from the lateral epicondyle.
72
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis insertion
he ECRL originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, while the ECRB originates from the lateral epicondyle.
73
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis action
extend and abducts the wrist
74
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis innervatio
radial nerve
75
extensor digitorum origin
Originates from the lateral epicondyle.
76
extensor digitorum insertion
The tendon continues into in the distal part of the forearm, where it splits into four, and inserts into the extensor hood of each finger.
77
extensor digitorum action
Extension of the digits at the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints.
78
extensor digitorum innervation
radial nerve
79
extensor digit mini
Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
80
extensor digit mini insertion
It attaches, with the extensor digitorum tendon, into the extensor hood of the little finger.
81
extensor digit mini action
Extends the little finger, and contributes to extension at the wrist.
82
extensor digit mini innervation
Radial nerve (deep branch).
83
extensor carpi ulnaris origin
lateral epicondyle of the humerus,
84
extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
attaches to the base of metacarpal V.
85
extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extension and adduction of wrist.
86
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
Radial nerve (deep branch).
87
aconeus origin
lateral epicondyle
88
aconeus insertion
posterior and lateral part of the olecranon.
89
aconeus action
Extends and stabilises the elbow joint. Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm.
90
aconeus innervation
Radial nerve (very small muscle)
91
brachioradialis origin
proximal aspect of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus,
92
brachioradialis insertion
and attaches to the distal end of the radius, just before the radial styloid process.
93
brachioradialis actions
: Flexes at the elbow.
94
brachioradialis innervation
radial nerve
95
flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Attachments: The humeral head originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus with the other superficial flexors, the ulnar head originates from the olecranon of the ulna. insertion: The muscle tendon passes into the wrist and attaches to the pisiform bone, hook of hamate, and base of the 5th metacarpal Actions: Flexion and adduction at the wrist. Innervation: Ulnar nerve.
96
palmaris longus
Palmaris Longus This muscle is absent in about 15% of the population. Attachments: Originates from the medial epicondyle, attaches to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist. Actions: Flexion at the wrist. Innervation: Median nerve.
97
flexor carpi radialis
Flexor Carpi Radialis Attachments: Originates from the medial epicondyle, attaches to the base of metacarpals II and III. Actions: Flexion and abduction at the wrist. Innervation: Median nerve.
98
pronator teres
Pronator Teres The lateral border of the pronator teres forms the medial border of the cubital fossa, an anatomical triangle located over the elbow. Attachments: It has two origins, one from the medial epicondyle, and the other from the coronoid process of the ulna. It attaches laterally to the mid-shaft of the radius. Actions: Pronation of the forearm. Innervation: Median nerve.
99
flexor digitorum superficialis
INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT Attachments: It has two heads – one originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the other from the radius. The muscle splits into four tendons at the wrist, which travel through the carpal tunnel, and attach to the base of the middle phalanx of the four digits. Actions: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers, and flexes at the wrist. Innervation: Median nerve.
100
Flexor digitorum profundus DEEP
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Attachments: Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane. At the wrist, it splits into four tendons, that pass through the carpal tunnel and attach to the distal phalanges of the four fingers. Actions: It is the only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. It also flexes at metacarpophalangeal joints and at the wrist. Innervation: The medial half (acts on the little and ring fingers) is innervated by the ulnar nerve. The lateral half (acts on the middle and index fingers) is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve.
101
Flexor pollicis longus DEEP
Flexor Pollicis Longus This muscle lies laterally to the flexor digitorum profundus Attachments: Originates from the anterior surface of the radius and surrounding interosseous membrane. Attaches to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb. Actions: Flexes the interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch).
102
pronator quadratus
Pronator Quadratus A square shaped muscle found deep to the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus. Attachments: Originates from the anterior surface of the ulna and attaches to the anterior surface of the radius. Actions: Pronates the forearm. Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch).
103
name superficial muscles of aterior forearm
flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, pronator teres.
104
name intermediate muscles of aterior forearm
: flexor digitorum superficialis
105
name deep muscles of aterior forearm
flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus
106
what movements does the radiocarpal joint allow
includes flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction of the wrist
107
NMe muscles of wrist using pass fail pass fail
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmar is longus Flexor carpi ulnaris

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (16 decks)

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