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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > week 3- Thoracic And Lumbar Spine > Flashcards

week 3- Thoracic And Lumbar Spine Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

How many bones are in the cervical

A

7

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2
Q

How many bones are in the thoracic

A

12

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3
Q

How many bones are in the lumbar

A

5

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4
Q

How many bones are in the sacral

A

5

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5
Q

How many bones are in the coccygeal

A

4

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6
Q

Give features of bones in the thoracic

A

—heart shaped bodies with DEMIFACETZ for articulation with head of corresponding rib and rib below
-short Pericles
-small, circular vertebral canal
-long, downward pointing spinous process
-transvers processes with facet for articulation with tubercle of corresponding rib
-superior and inferior articulate processes

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7
Q

Give features of the lumbar

A

-large kidney shaped body
-short strong Pericles
-quadranglular spinous process
-triangular vertebral canal
-thin, short transverse process
-articulate processes, superior facing.Medially inferior facing laterally

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8
Q

In the spine, which vertebrae are fused

A

5 fused sacral vertebrae
3-4 fused coccygeal vertebrae

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9
Q

Where is the posterior longtidtudanal ligament found

A

Posterior (back), in between vertebral body and the vertebral arch

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10
Q

Where is the anterior longitudinal ligament found

A

Anterior, along the vertebral body

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11
Q

Where is the ligamenta flava found

A

Between the laminate of adjacent vertebrae

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12
Q

What connects and passes along the tops of the vertebral spinous processes from vertabra C7 to the sacrum

A

Supraspinous ligaments

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13
Q

What is the supraspinous ligaments

A

What connects and passes along the tops of the vertebral spinous processes from vertabra C7 to the sacrum

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14
Q

Where is the interspunious ligament found

A

Between adjacent vertebral spinous processes

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15
Q

What is the interspuniys ligaments

A

Ligaments from the base of the apex of each spinous process and blend with the supra spinous ligament posteriorly and the ligamenta flava anteriorly on each side

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16
Q

Where are intertransverse ligaments found

A

Posteriorly on the transverse processes

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17
Q

Name some superficial muscles of the back

A

Trapezius, latissimus Dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor

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18
Q

Name some intermediate muscles of the back

A

Serratus posterior

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19
Q

Give a way to remember how many bones are in the upper spine

A

Breakfast at 7
Lunch at 12
Dinner at 5

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20
Q

Which muscles flex the trunk

A

-recuts abdominis = upper ab muscle
-external oblique= lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen
-internal oblique = underneath external oblique
-psoas major = originates L1-L4 inserts lesser trochanter of femur
-psoas minor = L1 T12 inserts next to pubic bone

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21
Q

Which muscles extend the trunk

A

Quadratics lumborum = originates iliac crest and inserts transfers process L1-5
-erector spinae (illocastalis, longissimus, spinalis) ( I LIKE STANDING ) lower thoracic and lumbar to upper thoracic and cervical

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22
Q

Which muscles roatate the trunk

A

-internal oblique = underneath external oblique
-external oblique= lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen
Multifidus- next to whole length of vertrabl column
Rotatores -
Senispinalis

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23
Q

Name the transversospinales muscles

A

Multifidus
Rotatores
Semispinallis

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24
Q

Which muscles laterally flex the trunk

A

Quadratus lumborum
External oblique
Internal oblique
Recuts abdominis
Erector spinae
Multifidus

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25
Which muscles raise the infra abdominal pressure
External oblique Internal oblique Text us abdominis Transversus abdominis
26
Name the fascial sheaths
Thoraxolumbar fascia Rectus sheath
27
Which part are considered the trunk
Lumbar and thoracic
28
How do vertebrae articulate with each other
Secondary cartiliaginous bodies and synovial facet joints
29
Which vertebrae are specialised to allow specific movements between the neck and the skull
C1 C2
30
What does the superior articulating facet articulate with
Inferior articulating facet
31
What is the orientation of the facets in the cervical region
Backwards, upwards, medial (BUM)
32
Which way are the facets oriented in the thoracic
backwards, upwards , laterally BUL
33
Which way are the lumbar facets orientated
Backwards, medial BM
34
What do the ligaments help to allow
Spinal stability
35
What does the anterior longitudinal ligament resist
External rotation, tilting backwards
36
Where does the ligament in flavum run
Between adjacent vertebrae . 2 on either side of the same vertebrae , they meet in the middle
37
Which ligament runs through adjacent spinous processes
Interspinous ligaments
38
What ligament runs across the spinous process
Supraspinous processes
39
Where does the Supraspinous ligament run to
From sacrum to C7
40
From C7 to the head, which ligament runs over the tips of the spinous processes
The nuchal ligament
41
Give the 3 functions of the trapezius
Elevate the scapula Extend the neck Retract the scapula
42
Name the functions of the teres major
Extend the whole arm at the shoulder Addiction at the shoulder joint Medially roatate the shoulder
43
Name the functions of the latisimus dorsi
Extend shoulder Addict shoulder joint Medaial rotation shoulder joint
44
Name the functions of the infraspinatus
Laterally/externally rotate the shoulder joint
45
What is the antagonist muscles to the infraspinatus and the Teris minor, and why
They like to externally rotate. Antagonists are teris major and latissimus dorsi whoch Medially rotate
46
What muscles are in the rotator cuff? (SITS)
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teris minor, subscapularis
47
What is the function of the rhomboids major and rhomboids minor
Retract scapula, pull it back
48
Name all the curves in the back
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Saccrococcygeal
49
What do the vertebral Column curves help with
Strength, flexibility, ability to absorb shock
50
What does the gel like nature of the nucleus pulposis allow
Allow invertavral disc to change shape as the vertabra rocks side to side or forward and backwards
51
How many groups are in the erector spinae
3
52
Name the 3 groups in the erector spinae
Spinalis (midline) Longissimus (next to spinalis and illocostalis) Illocistalis (most lateral)
53
Name the function of erector spinae
Extend vertabra column Antagonists to abdominal wall muscles
54
What is the erector spinae muscle groups synergistic to and how
Trapezius They both extend the neck
55
Make the function of the quadratus lumborum and where it is found
Fixates the neck, extend the lower back Found laterally on the back. Superior to the hip
56
Where is the facet joint located
between superior and inferior articulating processes
57
Multifidus origin and insertion
O: articular processes C4-C7 Transverse processes of thoracic Mammillary process of lumbar PSIS Posterior aspect of sacrum I: tips of spinous process 2-5 levels above origin
58
Origin and insertion of rotatores
O: breves. Transverse process T2-T12 Longi. Transverse process thoracic vertabrae I: breves.laminae/spinous process of vertebra 1 level above origin Longus laminae/spinous process of vertebra 2 level above origin
59
Semispinalis origin and insertion
O: transverse process of vertabrae T1-T6 I: posterior surfaces of spinous process C2-C5
60
Quadratics lumborum origin and insertion
O: iliac crest Iloilolumbar lig I: inferior border of rib 12, transverse processL1-L4
61
Name the erector spinae
I LIKE STANDING Iliocostalis Longisimus Spinalis
62
infraspinatous origin and insertion
Infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion Greater tubercle of humerus
63

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (16 decks)

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