lesson 1- basic anatomy

Question 1

describe the anatomical position

Answer 1

standing upright
Feet together
Hands by the side, palm facing forward
Eyes looking forward
Mouth is closed with neutral facial expres­sion
Toes pointing forward

Question 2

describe distal

Answer 2

furthest away

Question 3

describe proximal

Answer 3

closest

Question 4

give an example of a proximal and distal pair

Answer 4

the ulna is more distal than the humorous. therefore, the humorous is more proximal (to the midline)

Question 5

what is the midline?

Answer 5

line down centre of the body

Question 6

what is the anterior? give an example

Answer 6

the front. palm of hand in anatomical position

Question 7

what is the posterior? give an example

Answer 7

back, e.g. back of hand in anatomical position

Question 8

describe medial

Answer 8

closer to the midline

Question 9

describe lateral

Answer 9

further away from the midline

Question 10

give an example of a pair using lateral and medial.

Answer 10

radius is more medial to the ulna in the anatomical position.

Question 11

what does inferior mean?

Answer 11

bellow

Question 12

what does superior mean?

Answer 12

above

Question 13

give an example of a bone superior to the fibula

Answer 13

femur

Question 14

what does superficial mean?

Answer 14

surface of the skin

Question 15

what does deep mean?

Answer 15

further away from the skin

Question 16

what does cephalad mean?

Answer 16

close to the head.

Question 17

what does ciudad mean?

Answer 17

towards the feet.

Question 18

give an example of when cephalad and caudad can be used.

Answer 18

‘cracking’ spine in an angled direction. towards head is cephalad, ‘cracking’ downwards would be caudad.

Question 19

describe the movement of adduction

Answer 19

towards the body

Question 20

describe the movement of abduction

Answer 20

away from the body.

Question 21

name a different type of add/abduction and describe it.

Answer 21

horizontal. close horizontal angle is to adduct.

Question 22

describe the movement of flexion

Answer 22

close joint angle

Question 23

describe the movement of extension

Answer 23

opens joint angle

Question 24

describe the movement of internal rotation. give example

Answer 24

turning in. anatomical position, pal, rotates towards the body.

Question 25

describe the movement of external rotation

Answer 25

turning out

Question 26

name a movement that can only occur in radius and ulna

Answer 26

deviation

Question 27

describe the movement of pronation

Answer 27

move in

Question 28

describe the movement of super nation

Answer 28

move out

Question 29

where can pronation and super nation only occur?

Answer 29

wrists and ankles

Question 30

describe the movement of lateral flexion

Answer 30

spine moves inwards

Question 31

describe the movement of plantar flexion

Answer 31

PLANT TOE IN GROUND. point foot downwards

Question 32

describe the movement of dorsi flexion

Answer 32

foot moves up

Question 33

describe the movement of CIRCUMDUCTION

Answer 33

shoulder rotates all the way around, arm circles

Question 34

what does the frontal plane divide the body into?

Answer 34

anterior and posterior parts

Question 35

which movement occurs in the frontal plane?

Answer 35

adduction/ abduction, lateral flexion

Question 36

what does the sagittal plane divide the body into?

Answer 36

right and left portions = midline.

Question 37

which movement occurs in the sagittal plane?

Answer 37

flexion and extension

Question 38

what does the transverse plane divide the body into?

Answer 38

top and bottom of the body

Question 39

which movement occurs in the transverse plane

Answer 39

rotation. stuck in place, can only turn and rotate.

Question 40

which axes is located in the frontal plane?

Answer 40

sagittal horizontal axis

Question 41

which axes is located in the sagittal plane?

Answer 41

frontal horizontal axis

Question 42

which axis is found in the transverse plane?

Answer 42

vertical axes. (straight down, allowing rotation)

Question 43

list all types of movement.

Answer 43

-adduction -abduction -flexion -extension -internal rotation -extrernal rotation -deviation -pronation -supernation -lateral flexion -plantar flexion -dorsi flexion -circumduction

Question 44

name the three types of planes

Answer 44

-frontal plane -saggital plane -transverse plane

Question 45

name the word describing 'furthest from midline'

Answer 45

lateral

Question 46

name the word describing 'closest'

Answer 46

proximal

Question 47

name the word describing 'below'

Answer 47

inferior

Question 48

name the word describing 'furthest away'

Answer 48

distal

Question 49

name the word describing 'front'

Answer 49

anterior

Question 50

name the word describing 'closest to midline'

Answer 50

medial

Question 51

name the word describing 'above'

Answer 51

superior

Question 52

name the word describing 'line down centre of the body'

Answer 52

midline

Question 53

name the word describing 'back'

Answer 53

posterior