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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > Week 11- Gross Anatomy > Flashcards

Week 11- Gross Anatomy Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Name organs of abdomen

A

Kidneys
Intestines
Stomach
Bladder
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Liver
Spleen

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2
Q

What does the peritoneal cavity freely communicate with

A

Pelvic cavity

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3
Q

Functions of abdomen

A

Houses and protects major viscera
-assist in breathing (contraction of diaphragm. Relaxation of abdominal muscles)
-changes in abdominal pressure (contraction)

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4
Q

What does the abdominal wall consist of

A

Partly bone
Mainly muscle

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5
Q

External oblique origin

A

Outer surfaces of lower 8 ribs.

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6
Q

External oblique insertion

A

Lateral lip of iliac crest
Linea albr

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7
Q

External oblique innervation

A

Anterior rami of Lower 6 thoracic nail nerves
T7-T12

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8
Q

External oblique function

A

Compress abdominal contents
H muscles flex trunk, bending trunk to same side
Turning anterior part of abdomen to opposite side 9rotation)

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9
Q

Interal oblique origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest between orgins of external and transversus
Lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament

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10
Q

Interal oblique insertion

A

Inferior border of lower 3/4 ribs
Aponeurosis ending in LINEA ALBA, pubic crest, Pectineal line

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11
Q

Interal oblique innervation

A

Anterior Rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal nerves
T7-12 , L1

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12
Q

Interal oblique function

A

Compress abdominal contents
Both muscles flex trunk
Each muscle bends trunks and turns anterior part of abdomen same side

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13
Q

Transverse abdominis origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Medial lip of iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament
Costal cartilages and lower 6 ribs

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14
Q

Transverse abdominis insertion

A

Aponeurosis ending in LINEA ALBA
PUBIC CREST
PECTINEAL LINE

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15
Q

Transverse abdominis inervation

A

Anterior rami of lower 6 spinal nerves
T7-T12 L1

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16
Q

Transverse abdominis function

A

Compress abdominal contents

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17
Q

Rectus abdominis origin

A

Pubic crest
P[ubic tubercle
Pubic symphysis

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18
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
Xiphoid process

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19
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

Anterior rami or loader 7 thoracic spinal nerves
T7-T12

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20
Q

Rectus abdominis FUNCTION

A

Compress abdominal contents
Flex vertabral column
Tense abdominal wall

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21
Q

Where is the horizontal plane located

A

Between jugular notch and symphysis pubis

L1 vertebra

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22
Q

List structures in hortizontal plane

A

Pylorus of stomach
Fundus of gall bladder
Neck of pancreas
Hilium of spleen

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23
Q

What plane lies at L5

A

Transtubercular plane

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24
Q

How many quadrants are in the abdominal

A

9

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25
List quadrants on right
Right hyperchondrium (rib 12 upwards) Right flank (till hip) Right groin (pubic region downwards)
26
List middle quadrants
Epigastric region (rib 12 and up from interchondral cartilage) Umbilical region (Belly button) Pubic region (waist down)
27
List left quadrant regions
Left hypochondrium (rib 12 and up) Left flank (rib 12- iliac crest) Left groin( wait and down. Pubic are)
28
Location of cardia
Where abdominal esophagus pipe meets stomach.
29
Small intestine function
-majority of absorption Of nutrients and minerals from food here -extends from pyloric orfice to ileocecal fold
30
Location and function of large intestine
-extends from distal end of ileum and anus -absorbs fluids and salt from gut content forming faeces -consists of cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal
31
Functions of liver
-filter blood coming from digestive tract, before passing it to rest of body -bile production and excretion -metabolism of fats, proteins, carbs -storage of glycogen, vitamins and minerals -synthesis of clotting factors
32
Which side is the liver located
Right hand side
33
Function of PORTA HEPATIS
Serves as point of entry to liver for hepatic arteries and portal vein -exit points of hepatic ducts
34
Gall bladder location and function
-pear shaped sac lying on visceral surface of right lobe of liver -store and conc bile (bile breakdown) -control flow of bile into small intestine
35
Pancreas locations and parts
Extends from duodenum to spleen -head, neck, body, tail, UCINATE PROCESS
36
Functions of pancreas
EXOCRINE- produce enxymes important for digestion (Trypsin, chymotrypsin to digest proteins, amylase for carbs, lipase for fats) ENDOCRINE- maintains proper blood sugar level (Insulin, lower blood sugar, glucagon, raise blood sugar)
37
Where is the spleen located
Below left diaphragm Underneath, 9,10,11 ribs In contact with tail of pancreas
38
Functions of spleen
-fights invading germs in blood (immunity) -controls level of blood cells (wbc,rbc, platelets) -filters blood -removes old/ damaged rbc
39
Location of kidneys
Bean shaped structures in posterior abdominal wall
40
Function of kidneys
-controlling water, electrolytes balance -remove toxins and waste friom body -control bp
41
Portal vein functions
Moves blood from spleen and gastrointestinal tract to liver
42
Name lobes of liver
Right lobe Left lobe
43
What is located most superior on gall bladder What follows
Fundus Body Neck Cystic duct Haptic duct Common bile duct
44
What muscles innervation at lower 6 thoracic spinal nerves T7-12 What muscle innervateslower 7 thoracic spinal nerves
External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominal Rectus abdominus
45
What is located inferior on right lobe of the liver
Gall bladder, central and inferior
46
What separates the lobes of the liver
Falciform ligament
47
Where is the midcalvicular plane
Central plane consisting of epigastric region Umbilical region Pubic region.
48
Where is the subcostal plane
Inferior border of 10th costal cartilage, L2
49
Where is the transplyoric plane
Inferior border of 10th costal cartilage L2
50
Where is transtubercular plane
Iliac tubercles L5
51
Name parts of small intestine in order
Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
52
What is the highest organ in right region
Spleen
53
What is the first part of the stomach
Cardia
54
What is in the fundus
Gases
55
where is the fundus located
Upper region of stomach Upper arch
56
What is the main section of the stomach called
Body
57
From pyloric sphincter, what follows
Duodenum
58
What organ sits in the c shaped curve of small intestine
Pancreas
59
What is the term of how large intestine contracts
Peristalsis
60
Digestive tract organs
Esophagus Stomach (duodenum) Small intestine Large intestine (colon) Rectum
61
Order of urinary system
Kidney Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra
62
what is lateral to and superior to the stomach
Spleen
63
What ‘pipe’ goes into stomach
Abdominal esophagus

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (16 decks)

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