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Developmental Concepts > Week 12- Men's Health *need to finish > Flashcards

Week 12- Men's Health *need to finish Flashcards

1
Q

Leading causes of death in males

A

1 Heart disease

#2 Cancer
#3 Unintentional injuries
#7 Suicide

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2
Q

___ in every ___ males deaths die from heart disease

A

1
4

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3
Q

Most common type of heart disease

A

Coronary artery disease

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4
Q

Broad term used to describe a range of diseases that affect the heart

A

Heart disease

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5
Q

Heart disease includes…

A

-Diseases of your blood vessels
-Heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias)
-Heart infections
-Heart defects (congenital heart defects)

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6
Q

Refers to conditions that involve narrowed or blocked vessels

A

Coronary artery disease

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7
Q

Hardening of arteries due to plaque buildup

A

Atherosclerosis

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8
Q

America’s #1 killers of men

A

Coronary heart disease

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9
Q

This occurs in coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

Plaque buildup in the arteries that supply blood to the heart

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10
Q

Most common symptoms of CAD

A

-Chest pain
-Arrhythmia
-Heart attack

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11
Q

This happens because the heart muscle doesn’t get enough blood

A

Chest pain

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12
Q

Irregular heart beat

A

Arrhythmia

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13
Q

Plaque totally blocks an artery carrying blood to the heart

A

Heart attack

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14
Q

Warning signs of a heart attack

A

-Chest discomfort (may come and go or may stay and last several minutes; may feel like pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain)

-Pain in other areas of the body (one or both arms, heck, jaw, back, or stomach)

-Shortness of breath (with or without chest pain)

-Cold sweat, nausea, lightheadedness

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15
Q

Major risk factors for heart disease

A

-HYPERTENSION
-HIGH CHOLESTEROL
-TOBACCO USE
-Diabetes
-Overweight and obesity
-Poor diet
-Physical inactivity
-Excessive alcohol use

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16
Q

____% of men smoke

A

22

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17
Q

____% of men are overweight

A

25.8

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18
Q

____% of men have hypertension

A

32

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19
Q

Life style changes for heart disease

A

-Eating low fat and low sodium diet
-Getting at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity on most days of the week
-Quitting smoking
-Limiting alcohol consumption

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20
Q

Medications for heart disease

A

-Medications that lower BP
-Blood thinning medication
-Cholesterol lowing medication

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21
Q

Medical procedures/surgery for heart disease

A

-Coronary angioplasty
-Coronary artery bypass surgery

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22
Q

Placing a catheter in an artery and threading a small balloon and a stent to re-open the artery

A

Coronary angioplasty

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23
Q

Surgically inserted a vein taken from another part to bypass the blocked section of the artery

A

Coronary artery bypass surgery

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24
Q

Cancer risk factors in men

A

-Genetic predisposition
-Lifestyle choices (smoking, being overweight, lack of exercise)

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25
Q

Every year, more than ___________ men in the U.S. lose their lives to cancer

A

300,000

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26
Q

Three most common cancers among men

A

-Prostate cancer
-Lung cancer
-Colorectal (colon) cancer

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27
Q

Most common cancer in older men

A

Prostate cancer

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28
Q

Caused by tobacco use and secondhand smoke

A

Lung cancer

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29
Q

Most often found in people aged 50 years or older and associated with being overweight and lack of physical activity

A

Colorectal (colon) cancer

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30
Q

The prostate is the size of a __________

A

Walnut

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31
Q

This organ produces fluid that makes up a part of semen

A

Prostate

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32
Q

Throughout a man’s lifetime, the prostate normally increases in weight about ____ times, compared to its birth weight

A

21

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33
Q

The prostate grows _________ narrowing the urethra and ____________ urine flow

A

-Inwards
-Decreasing

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34
Q

The enlargement of the prostate is believed to be due to decreasing levels of _____________

A

Testosterone

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35
Q

Enlargement of the prostate

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

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36
Q

____% of men in their 50s have BPH

A

20

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37
Q

_____% of men in their 60s have BPH

A

60

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38
Q

_____% of men in their 70s have BPH

A

70

39
Q

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)

A

-Frequency
-Urgency
-Urge incontinence
-Nocturia
-Hesitancy
-Intermittent stream
-Dribbling
-Weak stream
-Urinary retention
-Chronic UTI

40
Q

SLIDE 21

A
41
Q

Risk factors for prostate cancer

A

-Age
-Family history
-Race

42
Q

Most men with prostate cancer are older and do not die from the disease

A

The Silver Lining

43
Q

Symptoms of prostate cancer

A

-Difficulty starting urination
-Weak or interrupted flow of urine
-Frequent urination, especially at night
-Difficulty emptying the bladder completely
-PAIN OR BURNING DURING URINATION
-BLOOD IN THE URINE OR SEMEN
-PERSISTENT PAIN THE BACK, HIPS, OR PELVIS
-PAINFUL EJACULATION

44
Q

Screenings tests for prostate cancer

A

-Digital rectal exam (DRE)
-Prostate specific antigen (PSA) test

45
Q

Feel the size and tenderness of prostate, lumps or nodules or prostate cancer

A

Digital rectal exam (DRE)

46
Q

A protein released by prostate

A

PSA

47
Q

The level of PSA in the blood ___________ during prostate cancer

A

Increases

48
Q

Diagnostic tests for prostate cancer

A

-Transrectal ultrasound
-Prostate biopsy

49
Q

Treatments for prostate cancer

A

-Surgery
-Radiation therapy
-Hormone therapy
-Chemotherapy

50
Q

Remove the prostate and surrounding tissues

A

Surgery (prostatectomy)

51
Q

Destroys cancer cells or prevents them from growing

A

Radiation

52
Q

Remove male sex hormones or block them from working which prevents cancer cells from growing

A

Hormone therapy

53
Q

Use special drugs to shrink or kill the cancer

A

Chemotherapy

54
Q

Dietary support

A

-Increase beans, nuts, seeds, and fiber
-Eat lots of veggies and fruits
-Eat cooked tomatoes, watermelon, pink grapefruit (sources of lycopene, a potent antioxidant in the prostate gland)
-Eat less meat (ex: red meat)
-Low sugar (sugar increases insulin which increases conversion of testosterone to estrogen)

55
Q

Leakage of urine is commonly caused by…

A

-Nerve problems
-Urinary sphincter problems

56
Q

Urinary incontinence is associated with an increased risk of…

A

-Depression
-Sleep disruption
-Lost productivity in the workplace
-Sexual dysfunction

57
Q

Incontinent men, compared with incontinent women, reported more ___________ on social activities, possibly because UI is considered more “normal” for men

A

Restrictions

58
Q

Urine leaks when you exert pressure on your bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising or lifting something heavy

A

Stress incontinence

59
Q

You have a sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine. You may need to urinate often, including throughout the night. It may be caused by a minor condition, such as infection, or a more severe condition such as a neurological disorder or diabetes

A

Urge incontinence

60
Q

You experience frequent or constant dribbling of urine due to a bladder that doesn’t empty completely

A

Overflow incontinence

61
Q

Most common incontinence after prostatectomy

A

Stress incontinence

62
Q

A physical or mental impairment keeps you from making it to the toilet in time. For example, if you have severe arthritis, you may not be able to unbutton your pants quickly enough

A

Functional incontinence

63
Q

You experience more than one type of urinary incontinence — most often this refers to a combination of stress incontinence and urge incontinence

A

Mixed incontinence

64
Q

PT Treatment of men’s urinary dysfunctions

A

-Pelvic floor muscle training (Kegels)
-Behavioral/lifestyle modifications
-Neuromuscular re-education or downtraining
-Functional training (proper toileting)
-Electrical stimulation

65
Q

This occurs during male “menopause”

A

Decreasing testosterone levels or a reduction of bioavailability of testosterone with aging (hypogonadism)

66
Q

Sexual symptoms of manopause

A

-decreased libido
-decreased erections
-retarded ejaculation

67
Q

Psychological symptoms of manopause

A

-loss of energy
-decrease concentration
-decrease well being
-irritability, depression & memory
-insomnia, changes in sleep patterns

68
Q

Physical symptoms of manopause

A

-decrease muscle mass
-increase visceral fat
-decrease bone mass
-decrease body hair
-hot flushes, tachycardia
-swollen or tender breasts (gynaecomastia)

69
Q

Causes of manopause

A

-Pituitary/testes decline
-EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
-OBESITY
-SMOKING
-HYPERTENSION
-POOR DIET
-LACK OF EXERCISE
-Medications
-Poor circulation
-Psychological problems (depression)

70
Q

Intervention for male menopause

A

-Hormonal supplements
-Lifestyle changes (healthy diet, exercise, stress relief)

71
Q

____% of men over age 50 will have a osteoporosis-related fracture in their remaining lifetime

A

25

72
Q

Men have a _________ chance of having a hip fracture related to osteoporosis than developing prostate cancer after the age of 50

A

Greater

73
Q

Most common cause of osteoporosis in men

A

Testosterone deficiency

74
Q

Associated factors that cause osteoporosis in men

A

-Body weight
-Exercise
-Alcohol
-Smoking
-Thyroid disease
-Rheumatic diseases

75
Q

Osteoporosis related to age

A

Primary

76
Q

Osteoporosis related to lifestyle, diseases, or medications

A

Secondary

77
Q

Risk factors for osteoporosis

A

-Alcoholism
-Caffeine
-Immobilization
-Medications

78
Q

Name for a group of risk factors that raises your risk for heart disease, diabetes, and stroke

A

Metabolic syndrome

79
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the U.S.

A

25% of the population

80
Q

Refers to the biochemical processes involved in the body’s normal functioning

A

Metabolic

81
Q

Researchers are not sure whether metabolic syndrome is due to one single cause, but all of the risks for the syndrome are related to _________.

A

Obesity

82
Q

Abdominal fat cells are __________ and more _________ than gluteal fat

A

-Bigger
-Active

83
Q

Abdominal fat often correlates with ________ fat

A

Visceral

84
Q

Abdominal fat is associated with…

A

-Heart diseases
-Diabetes
-High BP
-Gallstones
-High cholesterol

85
Q

_________ shape is worse than _________ shape

A

Apple
Pear

86
Q

The apple shape is due to __________ not genes

A

Lifestyle

87
Q

SLIDES 45-46,48-49

A
88
Q

Leading causes of unintentional deaths in males

A

-Motor vehicle accidents
-Drug poisoning

89
Q

Males are ___ times more likely to die from drowning. Alcohol is involved up to ____% of cases.

A

4
50

90
Q

SLIDE 55

A
91
Q

Typical symptoms of depression

A

-Feeling down in the dumps
-Sleeping poorly
-Feeling sad, guilty or worthless
-Men have bouts of crying less than women
-Physical symptoms such as headaches, digestive disorders and chronic pain

92
Q

Common symptoms of depression in men

A

-Escapist behaviors, such as spending a lot of time at work or on sports
-Alcohol or substance abuse
-Quick to anger and frustration
-Controlling, violent or abusive behavior
-Risky behavior, such as reckless driving
-Infidelity or unhealthy sexual relationships
-Losing weight without trying
-Loss of concentration
-Isolation from family and friends
-Avoiding pleasurable activities

93
Q

Work-related stress in males

A

-Lack of control over responsibilities
-Unreasonable demands for performance
-Conflicts with supervisors or co-workers
-Lack of job security
-Night-shift work
-Excessive overtime
-Too much time away from home
Wages don’t match responsibility

94
Q

Common men’s pelvic floor disorders

A

-Chronic Prostatitis
-Scrotal/Testicular Pain
-Neuralgias- Pudendal, Ilioinguinal, Genitofemoral
-Anismus
-Post-Prostatectomy Incontinence
-Urinary Urgency/Frequency
-Urinary Hesitancy/Weak stream
-Constipation
-Erectile Dysfunction

Developmental Concepts (12 decks)

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