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Developmental Concepts > Week 12- Women's Health > Flashcards

Week 12- Women's Health Flashcards

1
Q

Occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus

A

Endometriosis

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2
Q

Endometriosis can occur on the…

A

-Ovaries
-Fallopian tubes
-Connective tissues
-Vagina
-Cervix
-Bowel and rectum
-Bladder

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3
Q

Endometriosis may affect more than 11% of American women between ages _____

A

15-44

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4
Q

Endometriosis is common in women ages ____

A

30-40

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5
Q

Symptoms of endometriosis

A

-Pain
-Bleeding
-Infertility
-Digestive disturbances

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6
Q

Risk factors of endometriosis include…

A

-Nulliparous
-Menstrual periods > 7 days
-Menstrual cycles < 27
-Family history

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7
Q

Chronic pain condition that affects the bladder, and sometimes the pelvis and genitals

A

Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome

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8
Q

Painful bladder syndrome affects ________ more than ________

A

-Women
-Men

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9
Q

Painful bladder syndrome affects _____ million women in the U.S.

A

3-8

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10
Q

Painful bladder syndrome may affect _________ women more than other racial or ethnic groups

A

White

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11
Q

Symptoms of painful bladder syndrome

A

-Pain
-Urinary frequency
-Bladder pressure
-Dyspareunia
-Dysuria
-Hematuria

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12
Q

Most common type of dysmenorrhea

A

Primary Dysmenorrhea

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13
Q

Pain from primary dysmenorrhea is usually caused by…

A

Contractions of the uterus

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14
Q

Risk factors of primary dysmenorrhea

A

-Menarche began before age 11
-Long/heavy periods
-Smoking
-Stress

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15
Q

Caused by an associated medical condition such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts

A

Secondary dysmenorrhea

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16
Q

Tumors that grow in or on the wall of the uterus. They are almost always not cancerous.

A

Fibroids

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17
Q

Fluid filled sacs on the ovary. These do not cause any symptoms other than pain during your periods or at ovulation.

A

Ovarian cysts

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18
Q

Describes a syndrome of poor health and declining athletic performance that happens when athletes do not get enough fuel through food to support the energy demands of their daily lives and training. This can and does affect athletes of any gender and ability level.

A

Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) / Female athlete triad

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19
Q

Components of female athlete triad

A

-Low energy availability / disordered eating
-Low bone density / osteoporosis
-Irregular period / amenorrhea

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20
Q

A mental health disorder in which a person severely limits the amount of food they eat to prevent weight gain

A

Anorexia

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21
Q

Anorexia is characterized by intense fear of ____________

A

Gaining weight

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22
Q

Anorexia affects _________ more than _________.

A

-Women
-Men

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23
Q

Health problems associated with anorexia

A

-Heart problems, including low blood pressure, a slower heart rate, irregular heartbeat, heart attack, and sudden death from heart problems
-Anemia
-Osteopenia or osteoporosis
-Kidney stones or kidney failure
-Amenorrhea and fertility concerns
-During pregnancy, a higher risk for miscarriage, cesarean delivery, or having a baby with low birth weight

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24
Q

Mental health disorder characterized by binging and purging (vomiting, laxatives, or over-exercising)

A

Bulimia

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25
Q

Bulimia affects younger women most at ages _____

A

15-29

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26
Q

Signs and symptoms of bulimia

A

-Swollen cheeks or jaw area
-Calluses or scrapes on the knuckles (if using fingers to induce vomiting)
-Tooth decay
-Broken blood vessels in the eyes
-Acid reflux, constipation, and other gastrointestinal problems
-Severe dehydration

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27
Q

Binge eating occurs when you eat at least once a week for ___ months or more

A

3

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28
Q

Binge eating aspects

A

Eating until the point of discomfort, eating when not hungry, and eating at a faster speed than normal

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29
Q

Binge eating disorder typically begins in early to mid ___

A

20s

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30
Q

Mental health conditions that affect women more than men

A

-Anxiety (>2x)
-Depression (2x)
-Borderline Personality Disorder (mostly young women)
-Body Dysmorphic Disorder
-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (2x)
-Postpartum Depression

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31
Q

Pregnancy and postpartum conditions treated by PT

A

-Low back pain
-Rib pain
-Shoulder pain
-Hip pain
-Groin pain
-Sacro-iliac pain
-Diastasis Recti Abdominus
-Incontinence
-Constipation

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32
Q

The separation and thinning of the rectus abdominus muscles and stretching of the linea alba by > 2 inches

A

Daistasis rectus abdominus (DRA)

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33
Q

This is a specific form of LBP

A

Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain

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34
Q

Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain affects the…

A

-Lumbo sacral junction
-SIJ
-Symphysis pubis

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35
Q

Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain prevalence

A

20% of pregnant women

36
Q

Pelvic girdle pain symptoms

A

-Pain with walking & running
-Pain with single leg WB activities
-(i.e.: dressing, stairs, lunges)
-Pain with bed mobility
-Pain with straddle movements
-Pain with lifting, bending, pushing, pulling
-Feeling “unstable” in pelvis
-Decreased tolerance to sit, stand, walk

37
Q

Signs of pelvic girdle pain

A

-Waddle gait pattern
-Clicking/grinding in pubis area
-Provoked pain with resisted ABD & ADD
-Limited ABD AROM

38
Q

High risk pregnancy conditions

A

-Premature Rupture of Membranes
-Incompetent Cervix
-Placenta Previa
-Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
-Pre-eclampsia
-Gestational Diabetes
-Multiple Gestations
-Premature Labor
-Spinal Cord Injury

39
Q

Major women’s health issue

A

Autoimmune conditions

40
Q

Autoimmune conditions targets women ____% of the time

A

75

41
Q

Women have enhanced ____________ systems compared to men

A

Immune

42
Q

Women’s enhanced immune systems increases their women’s __________ to many types of infection. It makes women more ___________ to autoimmune diseases.

A

-Resistance
-Susceptible

43
Q

Autoimmune diseases affect women ___ times more than men

A

3

44
Q

Common cardiovascular conditions affecting women

A

-Atherosclerosis
-Heart failure
-Arrhythmia
-Atrial fibrillation
-Heart valve disease

45
Q

Heart attack symptoms in females

A

-Pain in the back, neck, jaw, or throat
-Indigestion
-Heartburn
-Nausea (feeling sick to the stomach)
-Vomiting
-Extreme fatigue (tiredness)
-Problems breathing (shortness of breath)

46
Q

After age 85, more women have _________ than men

A

Strokes

47
Q

It is ___x more likely for a woman aged 20-39 to have a stroke compared to men

A

2

48
Q

More women than men will have a repeat stroke within ___ years

A

5

49
Q

Unique risk factors for stroke

A

-Preeclampsia or gestational diabetes
-Hormonal birth control while smoking
-Hormone replacement therapy
-Menopause

50
Q

Most breast cancers begin in…

A

Ducts or lobules

51
Q

There are _____ new cases of breast cancer for every 100,000 women in the US every year

A

130

52
Q

Breast cancer makes up _____ of the cancer diagnoses in women yearly

A

1/3

53
Q

The median age at time of breast cancer diagnosis is _____. Very few cases occur before age ____.

A

62
45

54
Q

Breast cancer prevalence increases with age, peaking around ages ______

A

75-80

55
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors for breast cancer

A

-Age
-Family history
-Genetic mutations
-Height (taller increases risk)
-Race (White)
-Early menstruation (< 12 years)
-Late menopause (> 55 years)

56
Q

Modifiable risk factors for breast cancer

A

-Inactivity
-Obesity
-Consuming alcohol
-Not having children or breastfeeding
-Use of certain hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies

57
Q

Most common cancer of the female reproductive system

A

Ovarian cancer

58
Q

More than half of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are age ____

A

> 63 yrs

59
Q

Ovarian cancer affects _________ women most

A

White

60
Q

Ovarian cancer risk factors

A

-Are middle-aged or older
-Have close family members (such as your mother, sister, aunt, or grandmother) on either your mother’s or your father’s side, who have had ovarian cancer.
-Have a genetic mutation (change) calledBRCA1 or BRCA2,or one associated withLynch syndrome.
-Have hadbreast,
uterine,orcolorectal (colon) cancer.
-Have anEastern European or Ashkenazi Jewish background.
-Haveendometriosis (a condition where tissue from the lining of the uterus grows elsewhere in the body).
-Have never given birth or have had trouble getting pregnant

61
Q

Cervical cancer develops from the ____ virus in most cases

A

HPV

62
Q

Cervical cancer is most frequently diagnosed between ages _____

A

35-44

63
Q

Cervical cancer still impacts more mature women, more than ____% of cases are found in women over the age of 65

A

20

64
Q

Risk factors for cervical cancer

A

-HIV
-Smoking
-Increased parity (>3)
->5 years on oral contraceptive
-Higher number of sexual partners

65
Q

Decreased bone mineral density which increases risk for fractures

A

Osteoporosis

66
Q

Osteoporosis affects ___ in ___ women age 65+

A

1
4

67
Q

Women are more likely to get osteoporosis than men because…

A

-Women usually have smaller, thinner, less dense bones than men.
-Women often live longer than men. Bone loss happens naturally as we age.
-Women also lose more bone mass after menopause with very low levels of the hormone estrogen. Higher estrogen levels before menopause helps protect bone density.

68
Q

Osteoporosis risk factors

A

-Small, thin frame
-Post-menopausal
-Family history
-White, Mexican-American, Asian–American
-Insufficient Vit D and Calcium
-Insufficient weight-bearing physical activity
-Amenorrhea
-Eating disorder
-Smoking & excessive alcohol use

69
Q

Conditions that develop because of weakening of the support structures of the pelvic floor

A

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs)

70
Q

Examples of pelvic floor dysfunction

A

-Pelvic organ prolapse
-Stress urinary incontinence
-Urge urinary incontinence or overactive bladder
-Fecal incontinence or accidental bowel leakage

71
Q

Risk factors for PFD

A

-Pregnancy/child birth
-Aging/menopause
-Genetics
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Chronic constipation

72
Q

Weakening of the pelvic floor leads to the pelvic floor organs falling out through the vagina

A

Pelvic organ prolapse

73
Q

Pelvic organ prolapse can occur in ____ in ____ women

A

1
3

74
Q

Stress urinary incontinence happens when the support structures around the _________ (tube that drains the bladder) are weakened.

A

Urethra

75
Q

When you cough, sneeze, lift something heavy, or even just stand up, urine leaks out

A

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI)

76
Q

SUI can occur ___ in ___ women

A

1
3

77
Q

Overactive bladder/urge incontinence affects ____% of women across all ages

A

15

78
Q

A sudden urge to urinate, sometimes followed by leaking

A

Overactive bladder/urge incontinence

79
Q

Triggers for overactive bladder/urge incontinence

A

-Key in the door
-Running water
-Seeing a toilet

80
Q

OAB occurs when…

A

The detrusor muscle contracts too often, and before the bladder is full

81
Q

Leakage of stool and/or gas

A

Accidental bowel leakage

82
Q

Accidental bowel leakage impacts ___% of younger women and ____% of women of advanced age

A

6
15

83
Q

Risk factors of accidental bowel leakage

A

-Vaginal delivery with Grade IV perineal tear
-Use of forceps or vacuum in Vaginal delivery
-Uncontrolled diabetes/diabetic neuropathy
-Radiation therapy
-Nervous system disorders (stroke, SCI, MS, etc)
-Severe chronic constipation

84
Q

Types of constipation

A

-Slow transit
-Obstructed defecation
-Dyssynergic defecation

85
Q

Women suffered from ___________ significantly more than men

A

Constipation

86
Q

Chronic constipation impacts ____% of North Americans

A

1-8

Developmental Concepts (12 decks)

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