Week 2 - Quiz Flashcards
The right and left halves of the thalamus enclose which ventricle?
a. Third ventricle.
b. Right lateral ventricle.
c. Fourth ventricle.
d. Left lateral ventricle.
a. Third ventricle.
What region of the brain is involved in decussation also called crossover?
a. Midbrain.
b. Pons.
c. Medulla oblongata.
d. Hypothalamus.
e. Corpus callosum.
C. Medulla oblongata.
If a presynaptic neuron innervates two different postsynaptic neurons and is excitatory to one pathway but inhibitory to the other what
type of circuit fits this organization?
a. Reciprocal inhibition.
b. Convergent.
c. Excitatory.
d. Divergent and reciprocal inhibition.
e. Inhibitory.
d. Divergent and reciprocal inhibition.
What feature of the spinal cord is the grouping of lower spinal nerves that extend within the vertebral column leaving in pairs through the
intervertebral foramina to innervate structures of the lower body.
a. Conus medullaris.
b. Cauda equina.
c. Filum terminale.
d. Myelinated cortex.
e. Meninges.
b. Cauda equina.
What region of the brain is associated with the pyramidal cells, also called corticospinal tracts that regulate voluntary movement.
a. Frontal eye fields.
b. Somatosensory cortex.
c. Broca’s area.
d. Motor cortex.
e. Premotor cortex.
d. Motor cortex.
The cerebral aqueduct allows cerebrospinal fluid to move between which regions?
a. The fourth ventricle and the subarachnoid space.
b. The fourth ventricle and the central canal.
c. Lateral ventricles and the third ventricle.
d. Right and left lateral ventricles.
e. Third ventricle and the fourth ventricle.
e. Third ventricle and the fourth ventricle.
Identify the correct activities that the temporal lobe performs.
a. Primarily sensory localization.
b. Voluntary movement, memory, higher reasoning, and emotional processing.
c. Vision, visual interpretation, and integrating eye movement.
d. Hearing, equilibrium, sensory interpretation, and memories of sensory experiences.
d. Hearing, equilibrium, sensory interpretation, and memories of sensory experiences.
Identify the INCORRECT statement about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
a. CSF is watery and contains proteins and electrolytes.
b. CSF provides both nutrients and chemical signals to the brain.
c. CSF is produced by filtering from the plasma of the blood.
d. CSF is enclosed in the spaces between meningeal layers and does not turn over in our lifetime.
e. CSF allows the brain to rest in the cranial cavity without contacting the bone.
d. CSF is enclosed in the spaces between meningeal layers and does not turn over in our lifetime.
What is the thickest meningeal layer?
Dura mater
Consider the anterior spinothalamic tract. Based upon this name and your understanding of the organization of the spinal cord identify the
INCORRECT statement about this pathway.
a. All listed options are correct.
b. This pathway is motor output.
c. This step in the pathway begins at the spinal cord and ends in the thalamus by connecting to other neurons in those regions.
d. The pathway is in the anterior (ventral) region of the spinal column in cross-section.
e. The pathway is ascending.
b. This pathway is motor output.
The hypothalamus is a key region of the brain involved in regulating homeostasis through the autonomic nervous system but does not
control ALL the common examples. Identify the example that is NOT controlled via the hypothalamus.
a. Tactile sexual response.
b. Respiratory rate.
c. Heart rate.
d. Body temperature regulation.
e. Blood pressure regulation.
b. Respiratory rate.
The ventricle located in the brain stem.
a. Fourth ventricle.
b. Lateral ventricles.
c. Third ventricle.
a. Fourth ventricle.
The central sulcus is found where on the brain.
a. Between the frontal and parietal lobes.
b. Between the parietal and occipital lobes.
c. Between the cerebrum and cerebellum.
d. Between the pons and medulla oblongata.
e. Between the frontal and temporal lobes.
a. Between the frontal and parietal lobes.
Identify the structure that is closely associated with the brain (as in we frequently see it in a brain dissection) but is part of the peripheral
nervous system.
a. Optic nerve.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Optic tract.
d. Frontal lobe.
e. Olfactory tract.
a. Optic nerve.
Identify the example that is NOT a form of tract in the nervous system.
a. All listed options are examples of tracts in the CNS.
b. Projection fibers that connect the cortex to the peripheral nervous system, also known as motor pathways.
c. Basal nuclei that regulate the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals within the body and is implicated in Parkinson’s
disease.
d. Commissures that connect the right and left hemispheres through the corpus callosum allowing integration and coordination.
e. Association fibers that connect one brain region to another within the same hemisphere allowing integration between regions.
c. Basal nuclei that regulate the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals within the body and is implicated in Parkinson’s
disease.
The choroid plexus serves what function in the nervous system?
a. The separation between right and left lateral ventricles.
b. Association of myelinated axons and some dendrites.
c. Location where cerebrospinal fluid returns to circulation at the top of the brain.
d. White matter connection between the cerebral hemispheres.
e. Specialized blood vessels that create cerebrospinal fluid in each of the ventricles.
e. Specialized blood vessels that create cerebrospinal fluid in each of the ventricles.
Identify the functions of the brain system known as the reticular formation (RF).
a. RF aids smooth motor output and coordination of motion.
b. RF assists arousal by routing incoming information through the thalamus to the cortex.
c. All listed options are elements of what RF does in the human body.
d. RF facilitates autonomic nervous system regulation of respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
e. RF modulates the sensation of pain by blocking the transmission of some pain signals.
c. All listed options are elements of what RF does in the human body.
Using a computer as the analogy for the organization of the brain. What component of the brain is like the wiring connecting components
of the computer allowing different regions to communicate with each other and thus allowing integration of information?
a. Tract.
b. Nerves.
c. Ganglion.
d. Gray matter.
e. Nucleus.
a. Tract.
What brain organization term includes the two hemispheres of the brain and the diencephalon?
a. Cerebrum.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Brainstem.
d. Diencephalon.
a. Cerebrum.
An elevated fold on the surface of the cerebrum?
a. Fissure.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Sulcus.
d. Gyrus.
e. Meninges.
d. Gyrus.
What region of the brain has a name that means the bridge and connects multiple regions of the brain such as spinal cord and cerebrum
and more?
a. Midbrain.
b. Thalamus.
c. Pons.
d. Epithalamus.
e. Medulla oblongata.
c. Pons.
The spinal cord is organized in a specific way. Which statement is ACCURATE regarding the types of information being routed into or out
of the spinal cord?
a. The posterior root carries motor signals towards the periphery.
b. The anterior root carries incoming sensory signals to the central nervous system.
c. The ventral horn carries motor signals towards the periphery.
d. The dorsal horn carries motor signals towards the periphery.
c. The ventral horn carries motor signals towards the periphery.
Select the option that places the brainstem regions from most superior to inferior.
a. Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain.
b. Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
c. Midbrain, medulla oblongata, pons.
d. Pons, midbrain, medulla oblongata.
e. Medulla oblongata, midbrain, pons.
b. Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
The oculomotor nerve originates in what region of the brain.
a. Midbrain.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Frontal cortex.
d. Medulla oblongata.
e. Pons.
a. Midbrain.
