Flashcards in Week 2.4 Infectious Disease Agents and Classifications Deck (48)
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1
infectious disease aka
communicable disease
2
what is the definition of an infectious disease
lines caused by a specific infectious agent or its toxic product that results from transmission of the age from an infected person, animal reservoir, to a host, either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal host, or an inanimate object,
3
what are some things that affect the immune system
pregnancy
pre-existing conditions, chronic disease
malignancy
immunosuppressive disorders
stress
malnutrition
age
lymph node dissections
corticosteroids, chemo, radiation
indwelling lines and tubes
implante devices
obesity
4
what is a virus
a sub cellular organism made up only of a ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) covered with proteins
5
why are viruses hard to treat
they have rapid replication and high mutation rates
6
most (but not all) viruses are...
self-limiting, meaning that don't need a specific antiviral therapy
7
TF: antibiotics are effective on viruses
false, they are not
8
there are antiviral drugs for what 4 things
HIV, herpes, hepatitis, influenza
9
TF antiviral drugs are subject to resistance
true
10
what are some examples of viruses
SARS-CoV-2, influenza, herpes, hepatitis, meningitis, pneumonia, common cold
11
what is bacteria
single cell microorganism with a well defined cell walls that can grow independently on artificial media, without the need for other cells.
12
bacteria are classified by
shape and oxygen need
13
what constitutes about 38% of pathogen
bacteria
14
bacteria is treated with
antibiotics (but it needs to be specific)
15
what are some examples of viruses
strep, staph, clostridium, E.Coli.
16
what is fungi
a single celled or multicellular organism
17
what are the two forms of fungi
true pathogen
opportunistic pathogen
18
what is a true pathogen
causes infections in healthy people, like histoplasmosis, and coccidiodomycosis.
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what is an opportunistic pathogen
causes infections in immunocompromised people, like aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis.
20
what is a common fungi, and what does it cause
yeast, and it causes thrush, diaper rash and athletes foot
21
fungi is used to develop
antibiotics, antitoxins, and other drugs
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how do you treat fungi
antifungals or antivirals applied directly to the skin, or injected if serious infection
23
what are parasites
an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host
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where are parasites more common
in rural areas, or developing areas
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what is the mode of transmission for parasites
through the mouth or the skin
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what are common types of parasites
pinworms, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis, intestinal infections, giardiasis, and cryptosporidosis, malaria.
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how do you treat parasites
anti parasitic drugs,
28
what are prions
infectious agents composed entirely of protein material that can fold in multiple, structurally distinct ways leading to disease that is similar to a viral infection
29
how are prions transmitted
animal to human
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