Flashcards in Week 2.4 Infectious Disease Agents and Classifications Deck (48)
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1
infectious disease aka
communicable disease
2
what is the definition of an infectious disease
lines caused by a specific infectious agent or its toxic product that results from transmission of the age from an infected person, animal reservoir, to a host, either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal host, or an inanimate object,
3
what are some things that affect the immune system
pregnancy
pre-existing conditions, chronic disease
malignancy
immunosuppressive disorders
stress
malnutrition
age
lymph node dissections
corticosteroids, chemo, radiation
indwelling lines and tubes
implante devices
obesity
4
what is a virus
a sub cellular organism made up only of a ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) covered with proteins
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why are viruses hard to treat
they have rapid replication and high mutation rates
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most (but not all) viruses are...
self-limiting, meaning that don't need a specific antiviral therapy
7
TF: antibiotics are effective on viruses
false, they are not
8
there are antiviral drugs for what 4 things
HIV, herpes, hepatitis, influenza
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TF antiviral drugs are subject to resistance
true
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what are some examples of viruses
SARS-CoV-2, influenza, herpes, hepatitis, meningitis, pneumonia, common cold
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what is bacteria
single cell microorganism with a well defined cell walls that can grow independently on artificial media, without the need for other cells.
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bacteria are classified by
shape and oxygen need
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what constitutes about 38% of pathogen
bacteria
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bacteria is treated with
antibiotics (but it needs to be specific)
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what are some examples of viruses
strep, staph, clostridium, E.Coli.
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what is fungi
a single celled or multicellular organism
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what are the two forms of fungi
true pathogen
opportunistic pathogen
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what is a true pathogen
causes infections in healthy people, like histoplasmosis, and coccidiodomycosis.
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what is an opportunistic pathogen
causes infections in immunocompromised people, like aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis.
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what is a common fungi, and what does it cause
yeast, and it causes thrush, diaper rash and athletes foot
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fungi is used to develop
antibiotics, antitoxins, and other drugs
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how do you treat fungi
antifungals or antivirals applied directly to the skin, or injected if serious infection
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what are parasites
an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host
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where are parasites more common
in rural areas, or developing areas
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what is the mode of transmission for parasites
through the mouth or the skin
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what are common types of parasites
pinworms, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis, intestinal infections, giardiasis, and cryptosporidosis, malaria.
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how do you treat parasites
anti parasitic drugs,
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what are prions
infectious agents composed entirely of protein material that can fold in multiple, structurally distinct ways leading to disease that is similar to a viral infection
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how are prions transmitted
animal to human
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