Flashcards in Week 2.4 Infectious Disease Agents and Classifications Deck (48)
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31
what are some examples of prions
cruetzfeldt Jakob, mad cow
32
is there a treatment for prions
no
33
what are some areas of attack
generalized or systemic
organ systems
CNS
hematological
skin and soft tissue
musculoskeletal
bone
34
what is direct contact transmission
-person to person (touch, droplet, sex, feces)
-bites from insects or animals
-mother to unborn child, placenta or the vaginal canal during delivery
35
what is indirect contact transmission
-contact with a contaminated surface, object, food, blood, water.
-Can travel through the air
36
what are the BIG 5 infectious diseases, according to the WHO
pneumonia
diarrhea
HIV/AIDS
tuberculosis
malaria
37
what is sepsis
a life threatening complication of infection occurring when the immune reaction to infection triggers an inflammatory response throughout the body, the inflammation can trigger a cascade of changes that will damage organs, and causes failure.
38
what patient populations are at high risk for sepsis
older adults and immunocompromised
39
what are the three stages of sepsis
sepsis
severe sepsis
septic shock
40
what is the sepsis stage
confirmed infection with at least 2 of the following
-body temp over 101 or below 96.8
-HR >90bpm
-RR>20 breaths per minute
41
what is the severe sepsis stage
at least one of the following s/s indicating organ failure
-decreased urine output
-abrupt AMS
-decreased platelet count
-difficulty breathing
-abnormal heart pump function
-abdominal pain
42
what is septic shock
all the s/s of severe sepsis, with extreme hypotension that does not respond to fluids.
43
what are risk factors for sepsis
old or very young
immunocompromised
hospitalization in ICU
wounds or injuries (burns)
invasive devices like catheter or intubated
antibiotic resistant bacteria
44
what are compilation with sepsis
impaired organ function
blood clots
death
45
___ burden is greater than HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria, combined
health care associated infections (HAI)
46
what are the 5 most common HAI
e.coli
staph
enterococcus faecalis
pseudomonas aeruginosa
Candida albicans
47
what are common sites for HAI
UTI, surgical wounds, joints, lower respiratory tracts
48
