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Human Anatomy & Kinanthropometry > Week 4 - Muscles that move the Scapula & Arm > Flashcards

Week 4 - Muscles that move the Scapula & Arm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the main action of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle?

A

Main action of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle is to stabilise the scapula so it can function as a steady origin for most of the muscles that move the humerus.

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2
Q

What are the 2 groups you can class muscles that move the pectoral girdle into?

A

Based on location:

Anterior thoracic muscles
Posterior thoracic muscles

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3
Q

List the anterior thoracic muscles

A

Subclavius

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

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4
Q

Origin + insertion for the subclavius

A

0 = Rib 1

I = Clavicle

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5
Q

Action of the subcalvius

A

Depresses + moves clavicle anteriorly + helps stabilise pectoral girdle.

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6
Q

Origin + insertion for the pectoralis minor

A

O = Ribs 2-5,3-5 or 2-4.

I = Coracoid process of scapula.

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7
Q

Action of the pectoralis minor

A

Abducts scapula + rotates downwards.

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8
Q

Origin + insertion for the serratus anterior

A

O = Ribs 1-8 or 1-9

I = Vertebral border + inferior angle of scapula

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9
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Abducts scapula + rotates upward.

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10
Q

List the posterior thoracic muscles

A

Trapezius

Levator scapulae

Rhomboid major

Rhomboid minor

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11
Q

Origin + insertion for the trapezius

A

O = Superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligament nuchae + spines of C7-T12.

I = Clavicle + acromion + spine of scapula.

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12
Q

Action of trapezius

A

Superior fibres upward rotate scapula.

Middle fibres adduct scapula.

Inferior fibres depress + upward rotate scapula

Superior + inferior fibres rotate scapula upward

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13
Q

Origin + insertion for the levator scapulae

A

O = Transverse processes of C1-C4.

I = Vertebral border of scapula inferior to spine.

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14
Q

Action of the levator scapulae

A

Elevates scapula + rotates it downward.

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15
Q

Origin + insertion for the rhomboid major

A

O = Spines of T2-T5

I = Vertebral border of scapula inferior to spine

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16
Q

Action of rhomboid major

A

Elevates + adducts scapula + rotates it downward

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17
Q

Origin + insertion for the rhomboid minor

A

O = Spines of C7-T1

I = Vertebral border of scapula superior to spine.

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18
Q

Action of rhomboid minor

A

Elevates + adducts scapula + rotates downward.

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19
Q

Define + provide an example for elevation of the scapula

A

Superior movement of the scapula

i.e shrugging the shoulders or lifting a weight over the head.

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20
Q

Define + provide an example for depression of the scapula

A

Inferior movement of scapula

i.e pulling down on a rope attached to a pulley.

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21
Q

Define + provide an example for abduction of the scapula

A

Movement of the scapula laterally + anteriorly i.e doing a push up or punching.

22
Q

Define + provide an example for adduction of the scapula

A

Movement of scapula medially + posteriorly I.e pulling the oars in a rowboat.

23
Q

Define + provide an example for upward rotation of the scapula

A

Movement of inferior angle of scapula laterally so the glenoid cavity is moved upward. — Req. to move the humerus past the horizontal, i.e raising the arms in a jumping jack.

24
Q

Define + provide an example for downward rotation of the scapula

A

Movement of inferior angle of scapula medially so that the glenoid cavity is moved downward.

i.e when gymnast on parallel bars supports the weight of the body on hands.

25
Q

What 2 categories of muscles move the humerus?

A

Axial muscles

Scapular muscles

26
Q

List the axial muscles that move the humerus

A

Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi

27
Q

Origin for the pectoralis major

A

Clavicle, sternum + cartilages of ribs 2-6 + sometimes ribs 1-7.

28
Q

Insertion for the pectoralis major

A

Greater tubercle + lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

29
Q

Action of the pectoralis major

A

Adducts + medially rotates arm at shoulder joint.

30
Q

Origin for latissimus dorsi

A

Spines of T7-L5

Lumbar vertebrae

Crests of sacrum

Ilium

Ribs 9-12

31
Q

Insertion for latissimus dorsi

A

Intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

32
Q

Action for latissimus dorsi

A

Extends, adducts + medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

33
Q

List the scapular muscles that move the humerus

A

Deltoid

Subcapularis

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres major

Teres minor

Coracobrachialis

34
Q

Origin + insertion point for deltoid

A

O = Acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion of scapula + spine of scapula.

I = Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.

35
Q

Action of deltoid

A

Lateral fibres abduct arm at shoulder.

Anterior fibres flex + medially rotate arm at shoulder.

Posterior fibres extend + laterally rotate at shoulder.

36
Q

Origin of subscapularis

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula.

37
Q

Insertion of subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

38
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

Medially rotates arm at shoulder

39
Q

Origin of supraspinatus

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

40
Q

Insertion of supraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of humerus.

41
Q

Action of supraspinatus

A

Assists deltoid muscle in abducting arm at shoulder.

42
Q

Origin of infraspinatus

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

43
Q

Insertion of infraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of humerus.

44
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

Laterally rotates arm at shoulder

45
Q

Origin + insertion of teres major

A

O = Inferior angle of scapula

I = Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

46
Q

Action of teres major

A

Extends arm at shoulder + assists in adduction + medial rotation of arm at shoulder joint.

47
Q

Origin + insertion of teres minor

A

O = Inferior lateral border of scapula

I = Greater tubercle of humerus.

48
Q

Action of teres minor

A

Laterally rotates + extends arm at shoulder

49
Q

Origin + insertion of coracobrachialis

A

O = Coracoid process of scapula

I = Middle of medial surface of shaft of humerus

50
Q

Action of coracobrachialis

A

Flexes + adducts arm at shoulder

51
Q

What muscles are active throughout the entire throwing motion?

A

Rotator cuff muscles.

W/ activity levels peaking during cocking phase = infraspinatus + teres minor provide external rotation + the subscapularis + supraspinatus assist in providing stability to the glenohumeral joint.

Human Anatomy & Kinanthropometry (27 decks)

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