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OTD 7210 Neuroscience > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

True/False
Somatic peripheral nerves are usually mixed and include sensory, autonomic, and motor axons.

A

True

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2
Q

Which nerve branches supply the skin and subcutaneous tissues?
A. Peripheral Cutaneous Branch
B. Peripheral Subcutaneous Branch
C. Peripheral Muscular Branch
D. None of the above

A

A. Peripheral Cutaneous Branch

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3
Q

Which nerve branch supplies the muscles, tendons, and joints?
A. Peripheral Cutaneous Branch
B. Peripheral Subcutaneous Branch
C. Peripheral Muscular Branch
D. None of the above

A

C. Peripheral Muscular Branch

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4
Q

Cervical Nerves C1-C8 relate to which area? Choose all that apply.
A. Lumbar Plexus
B. Cervical Plexus
C. Brachial Plexus
D. Sacral Plexus
E. Intercostal Nerves

A

Both B and C

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5
Q

Thoracic Nerves T1-T12 relate to which area? Choose all that apply.
A. Lumbar Plexus
B. Cervical Plexus
C. Brachial Plexus
D. Sacral Plexus
E. Intercostal Nerves

A

E. Intercostal Nerves

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6
Q

Lumbar Nerves L1-L5 relate to which area? Choose all that apply.
A. Lumbar Plexus
B. Cervical Plexus
C. Brachial Plexus
D. Sacral Plexus
E. Intercostal Nerves

A

Both A and D

Partial nerve control of Sacral Plexus

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7
Q

Sacral Nerves S1-S5 and Coccygeal Nerve Co1 relate to which area? Choose all that apply.
A. Lumbar Plexus
B. Cervical Plexus
C. Brachial Plexus
D. Sacral Plexus
E. Intercostal Nerves

A

D. Sacral Plexus

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8
Q

____ of nerves optimizes health, promotes blood flow and axoplasm.

A

Movement of nerves optomizes health, promotes blood flow and axoplasm.

Nerves are flexible; they lengthen and shorten with movement.
If nerves are encased in scar tissue, patient may have symptoms of pain and sensory changes (paresthesia) due to compression and lack of gliding.

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9
Q

Trophic changes are shown through:
A. Loss of Sensation
B. Shiny skin, Brittle nails, and subcutaneous tissues thicken
C. Poor healing of wounds and infections
D. All of the Above

A

D. All of the Above

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10
Q

Carpal Tunnel is considered what type of neuropathy?
A. Polyneuropathy
B. Mononeuropathy
C. Multiple Mononeuropathy
D. All of the Above

A

B. Mononeuropathy

involves a single nerve and is considered a focal dysfunction

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11
Q

Diabetes is considered what type of neuropathy?
A. Polyneuropathy
B. Mononeuropathy
C. Multiple Mononeuropathy
D. Both B and C

A

D. Both B and C

Multiple mononeuropathy: Involves several nerves and is multifocal (i.e., asymmetrically involves individual nerves) Polyneuropathy: Involves many nerves and is a generalized disorder that typically has a distal and symmetrical presentation

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12
Q

Which root contains motor axons?
A. Dorsal Root
B. Ventral Root
C. Both A and B
D. None of the Above

A

B. Ventral Root

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13
Q

Which root contains sensory neurons?
A. Dorsal Root
B. Ventral Root
C. Both A and B
D. None of the Above

A

A. Dorsal Root

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14
Q

In diabetic neuropathy __ is affected most severely, often in a stocking-glove distribution.
A. The motor system
B. The pain receptors
C. Sensation
D. Both A and C

A

C. Sensation

In diabetic neuropathy sensation is affected most severely, often in a stocking-glove distribution.

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15
Q

In what spinal region are the spinal nerves found above the corresponding vertebrae (except the eighth spinal nerve).

A. Lumbar Region
B. Thoracic Region
C. Cervical Region
D. All of the Above

A

C. Cervical Region

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16
Q

In what spinal region are the spinal nerves found below the corresponding vertebrae (except the eighth spinal nerve)?

A. Lumbar Region
B. Thoracic Region
C. Saggital Region
D. All of the Above

A

D. All of the Above

Spinal nerves lie below the corresponding vertebrae in the remainder of the spinal cord.

17
Q

Meninges

Define

A

Layers of connective tissue that surround the spinal cord.

Are also continuous with the meninges surrounding the brain.

18
Q

Which spinal cord syndrome causes sensory impairment and flaccid paresis or paralysis of lower limb muscles, bladder, and bowels?

A. Central Cord Syndrome
B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome
C. Tethered Cord Syndrome
D. Cauda Equina Syndrome

A

D. Cauda Equina Syndrome

19
Q

Which spinal cord syndrome causes low back and lower limb pain, difficulty walking, excessive lordosis, scoliosis, problems with bowel and/or bladder control, and foot deformities?

A. Central Cord Syndrome
B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome
C. Tethered Cord Syndrome
D. Cauda Equina Syndrome

A

C. Tethered Cord Syndrome

20
Q

Which spinal cord syndrome usually occurs at the cervical spine due to trauma?

A. Central Cord Syndrome
B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome
C. Tethered Cord Syndrome
D. Anterior Cord Dysfunction

A

A. Central Cord Syndrome

21
Q

Which spinal cord syndrome disrupts blood flow in the anterior spinal artery?

A. Central Cord Syndrome
B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome
C. Tethered Cord Syndrome
D. Anterior Cord Dysfunction

A

D. Anterior Cord Dysfunction

22
Q

Which spinal cord syndrome occurs below the level of lesion, voluntary motor control, conscious proprioception, and light touch are lost ipsilaterally; pain and temperature sensation are lost contralaterally?

A. Central Cord Syndrome
B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome
C. Tethered Cord Syndrome
D. Anterior Cord Dysfunction

A

B. Brown-Sequard Syndrome

23
Q

What does it mean when a client has a complete SCI?

A

Lack of sensory and motor function in the lowest sacral segment

24
Q

What does it mean when a client has an incomplete SCI?

A

There may be preservation of sensory and/or motor function in the lowest sacral segment.
-Neurologic level of the injury
-Most caudal level with normal sensory and motor function bilaterally

25
Q

The loss of descendng sympathetic control as a result of lesions above T6 results in which dysfunctions?
A. Autonomic Dysreflexia
B Poor Thermoregulation (body temp. regulation)
C. Orthostatic Hypotension
D. Both A and B
E. All of the Above

A

E. All of the Above

26
Q

True/False
Autonomic Dysreflexia is not a potentially life-threatening concern.

A

False
Autonomic Dysreflexia CAN be a potentially life-threatening concern.

Typically, a medical emergency that can affect people with SCIs above T6.

Fatal stroke is the immediate life-threatening concern when someone experiences this.

27
Q

Name some symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.

A

Elevated BP
Pallor below the lesion
Sweating and flushing above the lesion
Pounding headache
Reduced heart rate

28
Q

What are some symptoms of orthostatic hypotension?

A

Low BP
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Sweating
Loss of balance
Possible fainting

OTD 7210 Neuroscience (13 decks)

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