11.2 B Construction Methods Flashcards by John Watts

What are frames in aircraft structures also known as?
A. Beams
B. Formers
C. Spars

B. Formers

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What is the primary shape that frames/formers give to the fuselage?
A. Triangular
B. Square
C. Circular

C. Circular

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What do frames provide strong attachment points for?
A. Tires and brakes
B. Wings, stabilisers, and structural points
C. Lights and windows

B. Wings, stabilisers, and structural points

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Where are the heaviest frames located?
A. At the tail only
B. At random points
C. At intervals to carry loads and attach other units

C. At intervals to carry loads and attach other units

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What construction method was developed to solve the strength/weight issue in monocoque design?
A. Double-rib construction
B. Semi-monocoque construction
C. Reinforced rivet layering

B. Semi-monocoque construction

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What is a pressure bulkhead used for?
A. Holding cargo
B. Sealing and isolating fire zones
C. Closing off the cabin area

C. Closing off the cabin area

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What is a longeron?
A. A cross-shaped frame
B. A main longitudinal member of a fuselage or nacelle
C. A fuel tank support

B. A main longitudinal member of a fuselage or nacelle

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What type of loads do longerons primarily take?
A. Torsion loads
B. Vibration loads
C. Bending loads

C. Bending loads

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What other longitudinal members supplement the longerons?
A. Bolts
B. Stringers
C. Brackets

B. Stringers

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What are clips or cleats used for?
A. To cool the fuselage
B. To attach the skin to frames and stringers
C. To lubricate moving parts

B. To attach the skin to frames and stringers

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In integral construction, how are stringers created?
A. Molded separately
B. Machined or etched out of the skin panel
C. Welded from metal pieces

B. Machined or etched out of the skin panel

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What is the primary purpose of doublers in aircraft?
A. To increase the weight of the fuselage
B. To reinforce areas of skin that require extra strength
C. To add aesthetic design

B. To reinforce areas of skin that require extra strength

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Where are doublers most commonly found?
A. Around wheels
B. Around apertures like doors or windows
C. Around the tail section

B. Around apertures like doors or windows

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What is the primary function of struts in aircraft fuselage construction?
A. To handle compression forces
B. To resist tension forces
C. To reduce weight

A. To handle compression forces

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What is the main role of ties (tie rods) in the aircraft structure?
A. To handle compression forces
B. To handle tension forces
C. To carry fuel

B. To handle tension forces

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Why are struts and ties important in aircraft construction?
A. They provide structural integrity and strength
B. They are used for fuel storage
C. They provide electrical wiring support

A. They provide structural integrity and strength

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What is the primary structure that carries tension loads during pressurisation in floor construction?
A) Floorboards
B) Nut clips
C) Floor beams

C) Floor beams

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What is the main spanwise member of an aerofoil called?
A) Rib
B) Spar
C) Cleat

B) Spar

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What is the primary purpose of ribs in wing construction?
A) Provide fuel storage
B) Maintain the correct contour of the covering
C) Carry tension loads

B) Maintain the correct contour of the covering

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What are the two general types of fuselage construction?
A) Truss type and Monocoque type
B) Semi-monocoque and Monocoque type
C) Steel and Aluminium types

A) Truss type and Monocoque type

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What is the primary characteristic of true monocoque construction?
A) The skin carries the primary stresses
B) The framework carries the primary stresses
C) The structure is reinforced with cross-bracing

A) The skin carries the primary stresses

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What does “semi-monocoque” refer to in fuselage construction?

A) The fuselage relies entirely on the skin to carry stresses
B) The fuselage has a framework with reinforced skin, sharing the load between the skin and the structure
C) The fuselage is constructed with a solid, single-piece structure without joints

B) The fuselage has a framework with reinforced skin, sharing the load between the skin and the structure

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What type of fuselage construction is most commonly used in large aircraft?

A) Truss type
B) Semi-monocoque construction
C) True monocoque construction

B) Semi-monocoque construction

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What is a truss-type fuselage construction?

A) A rigid framework made of beams, struts, and bars to resist deformation by applied loads
B) A solid, single-piece structure made of aluminium alloy
C) A fuselage construction that relies only on the skin to carry stresses

A) A rigid framework made of beams, struts, and bars to resist deformation by applied loads

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What is a major advantage of semi-monocoque fuselage construction? A) It relies on a few members for strength and rigidity B) It can withstand considerable damage and still hold together C) It requires no additional structural members

B) It can withstand considerable damage and still hold together

What is a common method used for skinning aircraft structures? A) Wrapping sheet metal to the required shape B) Using fabric covering C) Casting the skin from a single piece of material

A) Wrapping sheet metal to the required shape

How are modern composite skins typically attached to the frame? A) Riveted and bonded together B) Welded onto the structure C) Glued using adhesives only

A) Riveted and bonded together

What type of corrosion can occur when carbon-fiber-reinforced materials come into contact with aluminium? A) Galvanic corrosion B) Pitting corrosion C) Crevice corrosion

A) Galvanic corrosion

What is the purpose of applying a sacrificial layer in corrosion protection? A) To add strength to the material B) To prevent the base material from corroding C) To improve the appearance of the material

B) To prevent the base material from corroding

What is the role of the “false spar” in some wing designs? A) To reduce weight in the wing structure B) To form an additional strong attachment point for landing gear C) To support the wing box

B) To form an additional strong attachment point for landing gear

What does the empennage of an aircraft include? A) Only the vertical stabiliser B) Only the horizontal stabiliser C) Both vertical and horizontal stabilisers

C) Both vertical and horizontal stabilisers

How is the semi-monocoque vertical stabiliser attached to the rear fuselage? A) With welded steel tubing B) Using large, machined fittings that align with fuselage frames and longerons C) Bonded directly to the fuselage skin

B) Using large, machined fittings that align with fuselage frames and longerons

What is another term for the engine pylon? A) Strut B) Beam C) Nacelle

A) Strut

What are nacelles primarily used for? A) Supporting the landing gear B) Housing the engine and reducing drag C) Holding fuel tanks

B) Housing the engine and reducing drag

What structure is included in the nacelle strut assembly? A) Cockpit controls B) Torque box, firewall, and fairings C) Passenger compartments

B) Torque box, firewall, and fairings

What material has traditionally been used for the outer skins of aircraft? A. Carbon composite B. Aluminium C. Plastic

B. Aluminium

What type of rivet is most preferred for joining metal parts in aircraft? A. Blind rivet B. Solid-shank rivet C. Threaded bolt

B. Solid-shank rivet

What is a key advantage of blind rivets? A. Can be reused B. Do not require drilling C. Can be installed from one side only

C. Can be installed from one side only

When are bolts typically used in aircraft construction? A. Only during temporary repairs B. In areas requiring high strength C. To decorate the aircraft interior

B. In areas requiring high strength

What are the two most common materials used for aircraft-quality bolts? A. Plastic and wood B. Titanium and brass C. Alloy steel and stainless steel

C. Alloy steel and stainless steel

What is one main advantage of combining adhesive bonding with riveting? A. It reduces maintenance time B. It adds color to the aircraft C. It saves weight and increases strength

C. It saves weight and increases strength

What is the main purpose of surface protection treatments on metallic structures? A. To make the aircraft more colorful B. To prevent corrosion and fluid damage C. To improve fuel efficiency

B. To prevent corrosion and fluid damage

What does surface protection for composite structures help guard against? A. Loud noises B. Ice buildup and frost accumulation C. Lightning, UV rays, and erosion

C. Lightning, UV rays, and erosion

What are surface protection requirements based on? A. Cost and color preference B. Material, function, and location C. Paint type and gloss level

B. Material, function, and location

Which of the following is an exception to surface protection? A. Underside of the fuselage B. External surfaces of the pylon made of stainless-steel or titanium C. Wing panels near the fuel tank

B. External surfaces of the pylon made of stainless-steel or titanium

What are the three main groups of protective treatments? A. Painting, sanding, welding B. Waxing, buffing, polishing C. Pre-treatment, paint coatings, special coatings

C. Pre-treatment, paint coatings, special coatings

What is the purpose of pre-treatment in surface protection? A. To reduce weight B. To give maximum resistance to corrosion C. To make the surface shiny

B. To give maximum resistance to corrosion

What are the two common types of pre-treatment mentioned? A. Welding and drilling B. Anodising and chromating C. Buffing and polishing

B. Anodising and chromating

What is chromating? A. A painting method for plastic parts B. A pre-treatment process that creates a protective oxide film C. A way to measure metal thickness

B. A pre-treatment process that creates a protective oxide film

What color is typically associated with the chromating process? A. Blue B. Golden yellow C. Green

B. Golden yellow

What is anodising? A. A method of painting metal surfaces B. A process that forms oxide coatings to improve surface performance C. A method of welding metal parts together

B. A process that forms oxide coatings to improve surface performance

What does the primer do in a paint coating system? A. Increases corrosion resistance and helps adhesion B. Provides a decorative finish C. Improves the weight distribution

A. Increases corrosion resistance and helps adhesion

What is the role of the topcoat or finish paint? A. To protect the primer and give the aircraft a good appearance B. To make the aircraft waterproof C. To reduce the noise levels

A. To protect the primer and give the aircraft a good appearance

What is a Type 2 special coating? A. Water repellent coating B. Heavy-duty corrosion preventive compound C. Silicone-based paint

B. Heavy-duty corrosion preventive compound

What is Type 1 water repellent coating generally made from? A. Silicone-based materials B. Silicone-free materials organically bound with a mineral oil base C. Grease-based compounds

B. Silicone-free materials organically bound with a mineral oil base

What is the primary function of Type 1 water repellent coating? A. To prevent moisture from affecting the surface B. To provide insulation against heat C. To decorate the aircraft

A. To prevent moisture from affecting the surface

What types of film-forming can special coatings be? A. Glossy or matte B. Soft film-forming or hard film-forming C. Water-based or oil-based

B. Soft film-forming or hard film-forming

What are the three methods of cleaning the exterior surfaces of an aircraft? A. Wet washing, Dry washing, Polishing B. Sandblasting, Polishing, Waxing C. Wet washing, Dry cleaning, Scrubbing

A. Wet washing, Dry washing, Polishing

What does a wet wash remove from an aircraft? A. Oil, grease, carbon deposits, and most dirt B. Corrosion and oxide films C. Paint layers and decals

A. Oil, grease, carbon deposits, and most dirt

What does a wet wash NOT remove from an aircraft? A. Oil, grease, and dirt B. Carbon deposits C. Corrosion and oxide films

C. Corrosion and oxide films

How is dry wash material typically applied to an aircraft? A. By spraying, mopping, or using cloths B. By using high-pressure water C. By painting the surface

A. By spraying, mopping, or using cloths

What can polishing also help remove from the aircraft? A. Paint layers B. Oxidation and corrosion C. Structural dents

B. Oxidation and corrosion

Why must chlorinated solvents not be used inside the aircraft? A. They can cause fire hazards B. They emit toxic fumes C. They can damage the paintwork

B. They emit toxic fumes

What should be avoided when using water hoses or pressure washers for rinsing? A. Using too much water B. High pressure that could cause damage or moisture ingress C. Using too little water

B. High pressure that could cause damage or moisture ingress

What must be avoided when using undiluted solvents on the aircraft? A. Applying it to acrylic windows B. Applying it to the wings C. Applying it to the landing gear

A. Applying it to acrylic windows

What should be done as soon as snow, ice, and chemical salts splash or spray onto the aircraft? A. Wait for the next maintenance check B. Wash down the contaminated areas with clean water C. Apply a protective coating

B. Wash down the contaminated areas with clean water

In which type of environment are aircraft more susceptible to salt deposits and corrosion? A. Desert environments B. Salt air marine environments C. High altitude environments

B. Salt air marine environments

How is radioactive contamination usually monitored in high-flying aircraft? A. Using a microscope B. With a Geiger counter C. By visual inspection

B. With a Geiger counter

What must be done when spillages in the cabin, galleys, or toilets cause corrosion or residues? A. Leave the area as is B. Remove the residues and restore corrosion-prevention treatment if necessary C. Apply a fresh coat of paint

B. Remove the residues and restore corrosion-prevention treatment if necessary

After the carriage of livestock, which area requires special attention during cleaning? A. The engine compartment B. The bilge areas in the cargo compartments C. The cockpit

B. The bilge areas in the cargo compartments

What must be used to clean the aircraft after carrying livestock? A. A strong detergent B. A recommended disinfectant C. Water and soap

B. A recommended disinfectant

What should be done if signs of vermin, such as mice or cockroaches, are noticed on the aircraft? A. Ignore the signs B. Adhere to local and operator’s procedures for dealing with vermin C. Apply a pesticide

B. Adhere to local and operator’s procedures for dealing with vermin

How can misalignment be detected? A. By casual observation B. By performing a symmetry and alignment check using dedicated instruments C. By listening for unusual sounds

B. By performing a symmetry and alignment check using dedicated instruments

When must an aircraft's symmetry and alignment be checked? A. After routine cleaning B. After any major structural repair or severe conditions like a heavy landing C. Only during annual inspections

B. After any major structural repair or severe conditions like a heavy landing

What must be done before checking the position or angle of an aircraft’s main structural components? A. The aircraft must be jacked and levelled B. The aircraft must be painted C. The flight crew must report the condition of the aircraft

A. The aircraft must be jacked and levelled

How is alignment checked on large aircraft? A. By using a grid plate and plumb bob B. By using a tape measure C. By flying the aircraft and monitoring performance

A. By using a grid plate and plumb bob

Which of the following are included in the alignment checks for an aircraft? A. Wing dihedral angle, wing incidence angle, verticality of the fin, engine alignment, symmetry check, and horizontal stabiliser incidence B. Engine temperature, tire pressure, cabin humidity, and fuel efficiency C. Wing length, wing color, engine sound, and paint finish

A. Wing dihedral angle, wing incidence angle, verticality of the fin, engine alignment, symmetry check, and horizontal stabiliser incidence

How is the dihedral angle of an aircraft typically checked? A. Using special boards, straight edge, and inclinometer B. By measuring fuel efficiency and wing weight C. Using a plumb bob and grid scale

A. Using special boards, straight edge, and inclinometer

What is the purpose of an incidence board in aircraft alignment checks? A. To check the wing is free from twist B. To measure engine temperature C. To calculate the aircraft's fuel consumption

A. To check the wing is free from twist

How is the verticality of the fin checked on an aircraft? A. By taking measurements from the top of the fin to the horizontal stabilisers B. By inspecting the engine alignment C. By checking the wing dihedral angle

A. By taking measurements from the top of the fin to the horizontal stabilisers

What is the primary purpose of checking engine alignment on an aircraft? A. To ensure the engine is mounted with the thrust line parallel to the horizontal plane B. To adjust the fuel injectors C. To check the condition of the engine oil

A. To ensure the engine is mounted with the thrust line parallel to the horizontal plane

When performing a symmetry check on small aircraft, what is the recommended method to obtain equal tension while measuring long distances? A. Use a spring scale with a five-pound pull B. Use a pressure gauge on the aircraft’s tires C. Use a laser measuring tool

A. Use a spring scale with a five-pound pull

What is the primary consequence of misalignment in an aircraft? A. It can dramatically affect flight characteristics and impair safe control B. It improves fuel efficiency C. It enhances the aircraft's design aesthetics

A. It can dramatically affect flight characteristics and impair safe control

11.2 B Construction Methods Flashcards

(83 cards)