11.5 D Navigation systems

Question 1

What is the reference for bearings related to True North?
A) The magnetic field of the Earth
B) The geographic North Pole
C) The compass reading of the aircraft

Answer 1

B) The geographic North Pole

Question 2

What does the ADF ANT mode process?
A) Both loop and sense aerial signals
B) Only the loop aerial signal
C) Only the sense aerial signal

Answer 2

C) Only the sense aerial signal

Question 3

What is the angle between Heading and Track due to crosswind called?
A) Drift
B) Bearing
C) Slant range

Answer 3

A) Drift

Question 4

In the ILS system, what does a stronger 90 Hz signal indicate?
A) The aircraft is on the glide path
B) The aircraft is left of the runway centerline
C) The aircraft is right of the runway centerline

Answer 4

B) The aircraft is left of the runway centerline

Question 5

What happens when the DME is in NCD mode?
A) A failure flag shows
B) Four dashes (—-) are displayed
C) The slant range increases automatically

Answer 5

B) Four dashes (—-) are displayed

Question 6

What does Mode C transponder reply contain?
A) Aircraft identification
B) Airspeed information
C) Aircraft altitude

Answer 6

C) Aircraft altitude

Question 7

What is the frequency of the Outer Marker in the ILS system?
A) 400 Hz
B) 1300 Hz
C) 3000 Hz

Answer 7

A) 400 Hz

Question 8

What mode of the ADF initiates a BITE test showing a predetermined bearing?
A) ANT
B) TEST
C) OFF

Answer 8

B) TEST

Question 9

What determines the distance in a primary radar system?
A) Signal strength
B) Angle of incidence
C) Time delay of the reflected signal

Answer 9

C) Time delay of the reflected signal

Question 10

What improves GPS accuracy by correcting position error from a known location?
A) Standard Positioning Service
B) Precision Positioning Service
C) Differential GPS (DGPS)

Answer 10

C) Differential GPS (DGPS)

Question 11

What type of north do aircraft bearings relate to when using a magnetic compass?
A) True North
B) Magnetic North
C) Compass North

Answer 11

C) Compass North

Question 12

Which term refers to the direction an aircraft is moving over the Earth’s surface?
A) Heading
B) Drift
C) Track

Answer 12

C) Track

Question 13

What is the role of the ADF loop antenna?
A) Receives omnidirectional signals
B) Provides directional bearing information
C) Tunes the signal frequency

Answer 13

B) Provides directional bearing information

Question 14

What is the purpose of the ADF receiver in the navigation system?
A) Provides altitude data to the autopilot
B) Calculates bearing to the station
C) Filters weather signals

Answer 14

B) Calculates bearing to the station

Question 15

What does the ANT mode of the ADF system do?
A) Calculates relative bearing
B) Functions as a simple AM broadcast receiver
C) Shows GPS satellite signal strength

Answer 15

B) Functions as a simple AM broadcast receiver

Question 16

In ADF TEST mode, what typically happens?
A) Only sense signals are processed
B) Pointer moves to a predefined bearing
C) Signal transmission stops

Answer 16

B) Pointer moves to a predefined bearing

Question 17

What signal component in a VOR system varies depending on aircraft position?
A) Reference signal
B) Variable signal
C) Omnidirectional tone

Answer 17

B) Variable signal

Question 18

What does DME calculate using elapsed time interval (ETI)?
A) Magnetic heading
B) Slant range distance
C) Relative altitude

Answer 18

B) Slant range distance

Question 19

In the ILS system, which frequency tone predominates when the aircraft is below the glidepath?
A) 150 Hz
B) 90 Hz
C) 400 Hz

Answer 19

A) 150 Hz

Question 20

What is the typical angle of an ILS glide slope?
A) 1°–2°
B) 3°–6°
C) 7°–10°

Answer 20

B) 3°–6°

Question 21

Which marker beacon emits a 1300 Hz signal?
A) Inner Marker
B) Middle Marker
C) Outer Marker

Answer 21

B) Middle Marker

Question 22

What principle does primary radar use to detect objects?
A) Signal coding
B) Reflected radio waves
C) GPS triangulation

Answer 22

B) Reflected radio waves

Question 23

What makes secondary radar different from primary radar?
A) It uses stronger frequencies
B) It relies on echo timing
C) It uses transponder replies

Answer 23

C) It uses transponder replies

Question 24

What information does a Mode A transponder reply include?
A) Airspeed
B) Identification code
C) Barometric pressure

Answer 24

B) Identification code

Question 25

What does TCAS issue when a potential collision is imminent? A) Traffic Alert B) Ground Proximity Warning C) Resolution Advisory

Answer 25

C) Resolution Advisory

Question 26

How many satellites are active in the GPS constellation? A) 24 B) 21 C) 30

Answer 26

B) 21

Question 27

What does the GPS calculate using the difference between sent and received signal times? A) Satellite ID B) Direction of travel C) Distance to satellite

Answer 27

C) Distance to satellite

Question 28

What is the primary benefit of Differential GPS (DGPS)? A) Transmits glide slope information B) Corrects position errors C) Detects terrain obstacles

Answer 28

B) Corrects position errors

Question 29

Which frequency is used by the civilian Standard Positioning Service (SPS)? A) 1090 MHz B) 1030 MHz C) 1575.42 MHz

Answer 29

C) 1575.42 MHz

Question 30

What is the function of the Low Range Radio Altimeter (LRRA)? A) Measures ground speed B) Displays height above ground up to 2500 ft C) Tracks satellite signal strength

Answer 30

B) Displays height above ground up to 2500 ft

Question 31

What kind of antenna is used in a Radio Altimeter system? A) Loop antenna B) Directional dish C) Patch antenna

Answer 31

C) Patch antenna

Question 32

What signal type does a radio altimeter transmit and receive? A) Pulsed radio signal B) Continuous wave signal C) Intermittent beacon signal

Answer 32

B) Continuous wave signal

Question 33

What does the GPWS primarily use to determine terrain proximity? A) ADS-B data B) Satellite imaging C) Radio Altimeter input

Answer 33

C) Radio Altimeter input

Question 34

What type of warning would GPWS Mode 1 generate? A) Gear not down B) Excessive descent rate C) Inappropriate flap setting

Answer 34

B) Excessive descent rate

Question 35

What condition triggers a Mode 4 GPWS alert? A) Too close to terrain without landing gear B) Bank angle too steep C) Excessive cabin altitude

Answer 35

A) Too close to terrain without landing gear

Question 36

What type of navigation uses stored databases and is independent of radio signals? A) ILS B) Inertial Navigation System (INS) C) DME

Answer 36

B) Inertial Navigation System (INS)

Question 37

What does the acronym FMC stand for in aviation systems? A) Frequency Modulation Control B) Flight Management Computer C) Fuel Monitoring Console

Answer 37

B) Flight Management Computer

Question 38

What is a major function of the Flight Management System (FMS)? A) Controls autopilot altitude B) Automates flight planning and navigation C) Monitors passenger entertainment systems

Answer 38

B) Automates flight planning and navigation

Question 39

Which component provides bearing information to the ADF system? A) VHF omnidirectional antenna B) Sense and loop antenna combination C) Marker beacon receiver

Answer 39

B) Sense and loop antenna combination

Question 40

What happens if only the loop antenna is used in an ADF system? A) False bearings may occur B) Signals cannot be received C) Distance is calculated instead of direction

Answer 40

A) False bearings may occur

Question 41

What does the term "Relative Bearing" in ADF refer to? A) Angle between aircraft track and wind direction B) Direction to the station measured clockwise from the nose C) Deviation of the compass from magnetic north

Answer 41

B) Direction to the station measured clockwise from the nose

Question 42

In an ILS system, what does the localizer provide? A) Glide slope guidance B) Lateral alignment with runway centerline C) Distance to threshold

Answer 42

B) Lateral alignment with runway centerline

Question 43

What frequency band does the ILS localizer operate in? A) 108.10–111.95 MHz B) 118.00–136.975 MHz C) 329.15–335.00 MHz

Answer 43

A) 108.10–111.95 MHz

Question 44

What type of modulation does the glide slope use to provide vertical guidance? A) Pulse modulation B) 90 Hz and 150 Hz amplitude modulation C) Frequency modulation

Answer 44

B) 90 Hz and 150 Hz amplitude modulation

Question 45

What is the function of the marker beacons in the ILS system? A) Provide course deviation B) Indicate distance from runway threshold C) Transmit weather information

Answer 45

B) Indicate distance from runway threshold

Question 46

What is the frequency of the marker beacon signal? A) 75 MHz B) 118.5 MHz C) 329.3 MHz

Answer 46

A) 75 MHz

Question 47

How many tones does a marker beacon transmitter use? A) One B) Two C) Three

Answer 47

C) Three

Question 48

What is indicated by the outer marker on the ILS approach? A) Final approach fix B) Decision height C) Runway threshold

Answer 48

A) Final approach fix

Question 49

What does the DME system measure? A) Vertical height B) Bearing to a station C) Slant range distance to a ground station

Answer 49

C) Slant range distance to a ground station

Question 50

How does a DME calculate distance? A) From Doppler shift B) By comparing signal phase C) By measuring signal time delay

Answer 50

C) By measuring signal time delay

Question 51

What is a key limitation of DME when compared to GPS? A) DME cannot provide bearing B) DME uses satellites C) DME is immune to signal interference

Answer 51

A) DME cannot provide bearing

Question 52

What kind of signal does the ATC transponder respond to? A) GPS beacon B) Radar interrogation pulse C) Marker beacon pulse

Answer 52

B) Radar interrogation pulse

Question 53

What does transponder Mode C transmit? A) Aircraft identification only B) Altitude information C) Weather data

Answer 53

B) Altitude information

Question 54

Which system enhances situational awareness by alerting crew to potential midair conflicts? A) GPWS B) EGPWS C) TCAS

Answer 54

C) TCAS