Attachment Theory Flashcards
Attachment
Infant’s particular relationships to significant others; considered by some a biological need for survival
Signs of Attachment in an infant
Separation Anxiety
Less afraid in presence of attachment figures
Social Referencing (child behaviour toy if mother appears afraid)
Separation Anxiety Timeframe during normal development
7-9 months show protests at separation/stranger anxiety
Peak age for separation anxiety is 14-18 months
Evolutionary purposes of attachment
Survival (Nurture/Protection)
Psychological Security (To explore environment, form new relationships, cope with new experiences)
Focal Length of Infants
20-30cm
Effect of senses on infant attachment
Infants use senses to identify the parents and even from just a few days after birth this has an impact on their attachment
4 Attachment Types
Secure - ‘I’m ok, you’re there for me’
Insecure Avoidant - ‘It’s not ok to be emotional’
Insecure Ambivalent/Anxious- ‘I want comfort but it doesn’t help me’
Insecure Disordered - ‘I’m frightened’
How parents cause secure attachments to be developed
- Provide Comfort
- Be reliable and consistent
- Be attuned to understanding and responding effectively to the child
- Practice self care and demonstrating positive behaviours towards themselves
Effect of ADHD on attachment
80% of Children diagnosed with ADHD have attachment issues
Intervention to improve infant attachment
Just holding the child close to the mother’s body as opposed to on a stroller makes a massive difference
How doctors should consider attachment theory
Attempting to reduce familial separation
- Allowing parents to stay with children during care
- Promoting day care to teach separation healthily
Giving support and preparation for parents in medical settings
Continuity of care to allow child to form other attachments
Impact of attachment styles on adulthood
Poorer mental and physical health for those with insecure attachment
More pain for those with insecure styles
Less able to benefit from social support provided
