Topic 2: Proteins + Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What elements make up proteins?

Answer 1

C, H, O, N, and sometimes S
ex. albumin

Question 2

What is the function of proteins? (4)

Answer 2

1. Structural material (like collagen)
2. enzymes, hormones, transporters
3. antibodies
4. source of energy (esp. when carbs and lipids are in low supply)

Question 3

What are the monomers of proteins?

Answer 3

• amino acids
• these are the basic building blocks of proteins
• each amino acid has its own name (e.g. glycine)

Question 4

What are dipeptides?

Answer 4

• 2 AA joined by a peptide bond

Question 5

What are polypeptides?

Answer 5

• many amino acids joined by a peptide bond

Question 6

What is the definition of a protein?

Answer 6

• 1 or more polypeptides folded into the final shape

Question 7

What elements do nucleic acids consist of?

Answer 7

C, H, O, N, P

Question 8

What are the 2 forms of nucleic acids?

Answer 8

• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
  -RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Question 9

What are the monomers, or building blocks of nucleic acids?

Answer 9

• nucleotides

Question 10

What does each nucleotide consist of? (3)

Answer 10

• P04- (phosphate)
• monosaccharide (simple sugar) - either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA
• organic base (ATCGU)