Topic 19: Nervous System - CNS - Hindbrain Flashcards
1
Q
Name the 3 structures of the hindbrain
A
- pons
- medulla oblongata
- cerebellum
2
Q
Where is the pons?
A
- anterior to cerebellum
3
Q
Where do tracts in the pons run to and from? (2)
A
- tracts between brain and spinal cord
- tracts to and from cerebellum
4
Q
What structure does the pons contain?
A
- pontine respiratory centres
5
Q
Where is the medulla oblongata? (2)
A
- inferior to pons
- ends at foramen magnum
6
Q
The medulla oblongata has 2 bulges. What are they called? (2)
A
- pyramids
- they are large motor tracts that are part of cortocospinal tracts
7
Q
What occurs above the spinal cord in terms of these bulges?
A
- decussation
- aka crossover of pyramids
8
Q
what are the three vital centres in the medulla?
A
- cardiac
- vasomotor (blood vessels)
- respiratory
9
Q
What are the functions of the non-vital centres in the medulla? (3)
A
- swallowing
- sneezing
- vomiting
10
Q
What 3 structures make up the brain stem?
A
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla
11
Q
where is the cerebellum?
A
- posterior to pons and medulla
12
Q
What is the structure of the cerebellum?
A
- has folds similar to gyri called folia
13
Q
What is the matter in the cerebellum?
A
cortex = gray matter
arbor vitae (deep to cortex, ant. cerebellum) = white matter
14
Q
What is the function of the cerebellum? (2)
A
- coordinates skeletal muscle contraction
- balance, posture
