13 Flashcards by Alessandra Sparks

The extent to which measurements are useful for making decisions relevant to a given response

The extent to which an instrument measures what is intended to measure

Validity

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In screening validity, the sensitivity means a ____

TRUE POSITIVE

probability of a positive test among a pts with a dz (sick people are very sensitive)

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In screening validity, the specificity means a ____

TRUE NEGATIVE

probability of a negative test among pts without dz (healthy people test negative)

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Type ____ error (false ____), it means that you said your findings were significant when they actually weren’t

I positive

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Type ____ error (false ____), means that you concluded that your research was not significant when in fact it was

II negative

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Another name for descriptive research

basic research

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Another name for analytical research

applied research

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Another name for Quasi-experimental

observational research

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Another name for the Placebo effect

Hawthorne effect or Mayo studies

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Another name for Cohort studies

Incidence

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Another name for Cross-sectional studies

Prevalence

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Microcytic anemia has ____ hemoglobin, ____ hematocrit, and ____ MCV

low
low
low

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Macrocytic anemia has ____ hemoglobin, ____ hematocrit, and ___MCV

low
low
high

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Regional enteritis is also known as

Crohn’s Dz

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Crohn’s dz affects most commonly the ____

terminal ileum

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The recommended diet for Crohn’s dz is a ___ and ___

low-fiber and low-residue diet

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Acute diarrhea lasts ____

1-2 days

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Chronic diarrhea last ____

+4 weeks

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What is the recommended diet for IBS?

low FODMAP diet

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What is a BRAT diet?

Bananas
Rice
Apple sauce
Toast

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During osteoporosis which cells are most active in the bones?

osteoclasts

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How wide should the aisles be for employees with disabilities? And doors?

36”

32”

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To categorize customers based on characteristics occurs in market ____

segmentation

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Theory ____ assumes workers accept responsibility when they understand the big picture; employees are the greatest assets of a company

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In low sodium food products, what is the sodium limit?

140 mg

In very low sodium food products, what is the sodium limit?

35 mg

In low-calorie foods, what is the kcal limit?

40 kcal

In low-fat foods, what is the fat limit?

3 g

In low cholesterol foods, what is the cholesterol limit?

20 mg

How do convert inches to cm?

inches x 2.54 = cm

How many ounces are in 1 cup?

How many ounces are in 1 lb?

What carbohydrates are most and least sweet, respectively? Lactose, Sorbitol, Mannitol, Glucose, Frutose, Invert sugar, Sucrose, Galactose, Maltose

FRU, IN, SUC, GLU, SO, MAN, GAL, MAL, LAC | FUI INVENTAR SUCO COM GLUTEN MAS GOSTEI MAIS COM LEITE

What sugars are monosaccharides?

Glucose Fructose Galactose (MONA GLUES FRUITS TO HER GLASSES)

What sugars are disaccharides?

Sucrose Maltose Lactose (DIANA WEARS SMALL, MEDIUM, AND LARGE)

What sugars are polysaccharides?

Starches Fiber Glycogen (POLLY EATS HER STARCHES, FIBER, AND GLYCOGEN)

For a high-temp dishwasher (heat sanitation) what are the appropriate temperatures for wash and final rinse?

Wash: 150-165F | Final Rinse: 180F or 165 for a stationary rack, simple temp machine

For low-temp dishwater (chemical sanitation) what are the appropriate temperatures for wash and final since?

Wash: 120F | Final Rince: 50 ppm

in gastroparesis avoid ____ foods because they slow down stomach emptying

high-fiber foods

Pureed, pudding-like, mashed foods are part of which level of the national dysphagia diet?

"avoid sticky, crunchy dry foods" are part of which level of the national dysphagia diet?

Moist soft-textured like soft-cooked vegetables and canned fruit are part of which level of the national dysphagia diet?

A pt with varices should consume a ____ diet

low-fiber diet high fibrous diet can cause varices to erupt

Toxins accumulating in the brain is known as

hepatic encephalopathy

Hepatic encephalopathy could lead to ____, then the diet should be ____

coma low-protein (because the liver can't convert ammonia to urea)

What causes DKA (diabetes ketoacidosis)?

hyperglycemia due to deficiency / excess CHO intake

In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus women should consume ___ - ___g of carbohydrates at breakfast

15-30g

The disorder of purine metabolism is known as

gout

Goitrogens should be avoided in pts with ____

goiter

Examples of goitrogens include ____ and ____

cruciferous vegetables and soy products

What happens in glycogen storage dz?

There is no glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver, consequently, the body is unable to convert glycogen into glucose leading to hypoglycemia

What causes osteoporosis type 1?

it happens 15-20 years post-menopause due to low estrogen in mostly White and Asian women

What causes osteoporosis type 2?

Osteoporosis type 2 is age-related, in individuals over 70 years old

What is the diet for osteoporosis?

low-sodium 5-servings of fruits and vegetables per day

Best exercises for osteoporosis

weight-bearing exercises (high and low impact exercises)

Adderall may lead to weight ____

loss

Salty-tasty skin, Pale floating stools, Chronic cough, and wheezing in young children are symptoms of which dz?

Cystic Fibrosis

Kava Kava relieves ____ but has a potential interaction with ____

anxiety liver failure

When taking Warfarin avoid the following herbs ____, ____, ____

garlic Ginko Biloba ginseng

Valerian root calms the nerve but should be avoided with ____

liver failure