6

Question 1

____ and ____ are lost in an alkaline environment & high temperature.

Answer 1

Thiamin and Vitamin C

Question 2

Wernicke-Korsacoff and Beri-Beri are due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 2

Thiamin

Question 3

Thiamin is responsible for the metabolism of pyruvate and ____ oxidation.

Answer 3

CHO

Question 4

Riboflavin (B2) is lost in ____.

Answer 4

UV

Question 5

Niacin is involved in the metabolic of ____.

Answer 5

CHO, protein, and fat.

Question 6

Magenta tongue is due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 6

Riboflavin

Question 7

____ is involved in red cell production and protein metabolism

Answer 7

Riboflavin

Question 8

A beefy red tongue is due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 8

Niacin

Question 9

Petechiae can be due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 9

Niacin (B3), Vitamin C and Omega 3.

Petechiae are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding. The bleeding causes the petechiae to appear red, brown, or purple. Petechiae (puh-TEE-kee-ee) commonly appear in clusters and may look like a rash

Question 10

____ deficiency can cause growth failure.

Answer 10

Riboflavin (B2)

Question 11

Pantothenic acid is vitamin B____.

Answer 11

5

Question 12

Vitamin ____ is made by intestinal bacteria.

Answer 12

B7 (Biotin)

Question 13

____ deficiency can cause megaloblastic, macrocytic anemia, diarrhea, and fatigue.

Answer 13

Vitamin B9 (Folate)

Question 14

____ vitamin is a coenzyme in protein synthesis.

Answer 14

Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)

Question 15

Glossitis can be caused by ____ and ____ deficiency.

Answer 15

pyridoxine (B6) and biotin (B7)

Question 16

____ can be found in fortified dried cereal, citrus fruits, leafy vegetables, liver, kidney.

Answer 16

Folate (vitamin B9)

Question 17

____ is involved in the energy synthesis of fatty acids.

Answer 17

Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)

Question 18

____ is essential in all cells for energy production.

Answer 18

Niacin (B3)

Question 19

____ is found in the liver, kidney, and yeast.

Answer 19

Biotin (B7)

Question 20

“The D’s”: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia, and Death are cause by ____ deficiency.

Answer 20

Niacin (B3)

Question 21

____ is a precursor of Vitamin D.

Answer 21

Cholesterol

Question 22

Vitamin ____ is synthesized by lower intestinal bacteria.

Answer 22

K

Question 23

Vitamin ____ is a pro-vitamin and carotene precursor.

Answer 23

A

Question 24

Vitamin ____ can be found in spinach, kale, leafy greens, and broccoli.

Answer 24

K

Question 25

Rickets and Osteomalacia are due to vitamin ____ deficiency.

Answer 25

D

Question 26

Vitamin ____ can be found in vegetable oil, almonds, green vegetables.

Answer 26

E

Question 27

Vitamin ____ is the least toxic fat-soluble vitamin.

Answer 27

E

Question 28

Vitamin ____ deficiency can cause hemorrhage and the vitamin levels can be affected by mineral oil, antibiotics, and anticoagulants.

Answer 28

K

Question 29

Vitamin ____ protects the red blood cell membrane from oxidative damage.

Answer 29

E

Question 30

Hemolytic anemia can be caused by a deficiency of vitamin ____.

Answer 30

E

Question 31

Bitot's spots and dry scaly can be caused by vitamin ____ deficiency.

Answer 31

A

Question 32

Vitamin ____ can be found in mushrooms, egg yolk, and fortified milk.

Answer 32

D

Question 33

What is the most easily destroyed vitamin?

Answer 33

Vitamin C

Question 34

The function of this mineral is oxygen transport.

Answer 34

Iron

Question 35

This mineral is attached to a protein.

Answer 35

Copper

Question 36

This mineral aids in insulin action and glucose metabolism.

Answer 36

Chromium

Question 37

____ deficiency can cause microcytic anemia, neutropenia, Wilson's dz.

Answer 37

Copper

Question 38

The absorption of this mineral is enhanced by vitamin C and B3.

Answer 38

Chromium

Question 39

This mineral is a trace mineral and part of hemoglobin.

Answer 39

Iron

Question 40

The most abundant mineral.

Answer 40

Calcium

Question 41

Calcium requirements for < 18 y/o pregnant

Answer 41

1300mg

Question 42

1 cup of yogurt has how many grams of calcium?

Answer 42

400 mg

Question 43

1 cup of milk has how many grams of calcium?

Answer 43

300 mg

Question 44

Calcium requirements for adults

Answer 44

1000-1200 mg

Question 45

What is the second most abundant mineral in the body?

Answer 45

Phosphorous

Question 46

____ deficiency can cause tetany with hypocalcemia.

Answer 46

Calcium

Question 47

This mineral is part of Chlorophyll.

Answer 47

Magnesium

Question 48

This mineral's functions include: Blood clotting, cardiac function, nerve transmission, smooth muscle contractility.

Answer 48

Calcium

Question 49

This mineral's functions include: protein in fatty acid synthesis, stabilizes the structure of ATP, Vitamin D increases need.

Answer 49

Magnesium

Question 50

This mineral's functions include: Phospholipids transport fat through lymph and blood. It's present in bones and teeth.

Answer 50

Phosphorous

Question 51

Selenium cooperates with vitamin ____.

Answer 51

E

Question 52

____ deficiency can cause reduced immune function, hair loss and alopecia, poor wound healing, and hypogeusia

Answer 52

Zinc

Question 53

____ is a trace mineral, part of thyroxine.

Answer 53

Iodine

Question 54

Which foods are rich in potassium?

Answer 54

potatoes, oranges, avocado, spinach, soybeans, banans

Question 55

Goiter can be caused to due ____ deficiency.

Answer 55

iodine

Question 56

____ is responsible for conducting nerve impulses and muscle contractions.

Answer 56

Potassium

Question 57

____ levels are low in refeeding syndrome and using diuretics and high in ESRD.

Answer 57

Potassium

Question 58

____ is an antioxidant and is involved in tissue respiration.

Answer 58

Selenium

Question 59

The deficiency of this mineral can cause myalgia and cardiac myopathy.

Answer 59

Selenium

Question 60

This mineral transports lipids as acetylcholine

Answer 60

Choline

Question 61

This mineral increases taste acuity, enhances insulin action, stabilizes DNA, RNA, and cell division. Also involved in wound healing.

Answer 61

Zinc

Question 62

Low Hgb and Hc with high MCV is due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 62

folate and B12 (macrocytic and megaloblastic anemia). Megaloblastic anemia is a condition in which the bone marrow produces unusually large, structurally abnormal, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts).

Question 63

Low Hgb and Hc with low MCV is due to ____ deficiency.

Answer 63

iron (microcytic and hypo-chromic anemia). Microcytic anemia is defined as the presence of small, often hypochromic, red blood cells in a peripheral blood smear and is usually characterized by a low MCV (less than 83 microns 3).

Question 64

B12 related to Intrinsic Factor anemia

Answer 64

Pernicious anemia

Question 65

Sun + skin (7dehydrocholesterol) = ____

Answer 65

Cholecalciferol

Question 66

Liver + cholecalciferol = ____ (main indicator of vitamin D status)

Answer 66

Calcidiol

Question 67

Kidney + Calcidiol = ____

Answer 67

Calcitriol

Question 68

Lines down all nails could be a sign of ____ deficiency.

Answer 68

protein

Question 69

Enriched: Mostly ____ vitamins (because they are lost faster) added to the food (cereals).

Answer 69

B

Question 70

Fortified: Vitamin ____ (because it didn't originally have it)

Answer 70

D

Question 71

Omega ____ reduces TG levels, inhibits VLDL synthesis, reduces inflammation.

Answer 71

3

Question 72

Omega ____ "beauty and brain", deficiency leads to Petechiae and Eczema.

Answer 72

6

Question 73

Vitamins lost in alcoholism

Answer 73

B vitamins (especially Thiamin B1), KEDA, vitamin C, and zinc

Question 74

Vitamins lost in heart failure, CVD (cardiovascular dz)

Answer 74

Se, Fe, B1, vitamin D

Question 75

Vitamins lost in IBD

Answer 75

KEDA, B12, Se, Zinc

Question 76

Vitamins lost in obesity/bariatric surgery

Answer 76

CU, Zn, Fe, KEDA, B1, B9, B12, vitamin C

Question 77

Vitamins lost in liver disease

Answer 77

Se, Zn, B12, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E

Question 78

Methotrexate for cancer can cause ____, ____, ____.

Answer 78

weight loss, loss of appetite, and folate deficiency.

Question 79

Long-term use of steroids and prednisone can cause ____.

Answer 79

osteoporosis