19

Question 1

___ results in the production of the catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine)

Answer 1

Tyrosine

Question 2

GLUT ___ is an insulin-dependent transporter

Answer 2

4

Question 3

When lactate forms as the end result of anaerobic glycolysis in muscle, it can be converted back into ___ in the ___ (known as the ___ cycle)

Answer 3

glucose
liver
Cori

Question 4

The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA requires the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase along with ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

Answer 4

Riboflavin, Niacin, Thiamin, pantothenic acid, lipoic acid

Question 5

Cholecystokinin is responsible for the contraction of the ___

Answer 5

gallbladder

Question 6

A sodium-glucose linked transporter 1 (SGLT1) uses ___ transport to move glucose from an area of low concentration to a high concentration

Answer 6

active

Question 7

___ fiber is a non-digestible carbohydrate that has physiological benefits when eaten

Answer 7

functional

Question 8

What are the 3 branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)?

Answer 8

Leucine, isoleucine, valine

Question 9

What are the two products of tryptophan metabolism?

Answer 9

melatonin and seratonin

Question 10

___ is when the DNA code is transcribed to the mRNA template in the nucleus

Answer 10

Transcription

Question 11

In protein synthesis, what is the process in which mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids?

Answer 11

translation

Question 12

What are the two hormones that stimulate protein synthesis?

Answer 12

insulin and testosterone

Question 13

What are the 3 catabolic hormones?

Answer 13

glucagon, adrenaline, cortisol

Question 14

What is the only tissue that deaminates BCAAs?

Answer 14

The muscle

Question 15

What vitamin is required for transamination?

Answer 15

B6

Question 16

What is the brain’s main energy source in a state of starvation?

Answer 16

ketones

Question 17

What are the 2 amino acids that are solely ketogenic?

Answer 17

leucine and lysine

Question 18

Where does the TCA cycle take place?

Answer 18

in the mitochondria

Question 19

Glycolysis occurs in the ___

Answer 19

cytosol

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter can lead to Parkinson’s dz if levels are too low?

Answer 20

Dopamine

Question 21

Bile is made in the ___ and stored in the ___

Answer 21

liver

gallbladder

Question 22

How are exogenous lipids transported in the lymphatic system?

Answer 22

chylomicrons

Question 23

Which metabolite is needed to combine with acetyl-CoA to form citrate?

Answer 23

oxaloacetate

Question 24

In a nomenclature, the “n” stands for ___

Answer 24

double bonds

Question 25

Where does deamination of amino acids occur?

Answer 25

in the liver

Question 26

Which type of transport requires a carrier but no energy?

Answer 26

passive diffusion

Question 27

___ and ___ levels rise in response to low blood calcium levels

Answer 27

PTH and calcitriol

Question 28

___ deficiency and ___ osteoclast activity is associated with osteoporosis

Answer 28

estrogen | increased

Question 29

What mineral plays a role in blood clotting?

Answer 29

Calcium

Question 30

Vit ___ is needed for the decarboxylation reactions

Answer 30

B1 (Thiamin)

Question 31

The large intestine synthesizes vit ___, ___, ___ and ___ from bacteria

Answer 31

vit K, B12, thiamin, riboflavin

Question 32

___ is involved in anabolic reactions such as fatty acid synthesis

Answer 32

NADPH

Question 33

Vitamin A is also to enter the portal blood in the form of ___

Answer 33

retinoic acid

Question 34

___ break down or reabsorb bone

Answer 34

Osteoclasts

Question 35

What are the 2 amino acids that become conditionally essential during catabolic stress?

Answer 35

Arginine | Glutamine

Question 36

Which vitamin contains coenzyme A?

Answer 36

B5 (pantothenic acid)

Question 37

In the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, intake would be rated poor if less than ___% of the RDA

Answer 37

66

Question 38

USDA conducts over-sampling of ___ and ___ adults over the age of ___

Answer 38

Hispanic and African American | 60

Question 39

Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index looks at ___ and ___ to screen an individual

Answer 39

serum albumin and weight changes

Question 40

Acanthosis nigricans is a sign of ___

Answer 40

hyperinsulinemia

Question 41

Smokers have consistently shown to have lower levels of vit ___

Answer 41

C

Question 42

What are the proper protein recommendations for a pt who received hemodialysis 3 times a week?

Answer 42

1.2 g/kg

Question 43

Hepatitis ___ occurs through the fecal-oral route and is the type of hepatitis most directly associated with foodborne illness

Answer 43

A

Question 44

Non-tropical sprue is also known as ___

Answer 44

Celiac Dz

Question 45

What is considered elevated triglycerides?

Answer 45

>150

Question 46

What is considered a high waist circumference for men? and for women?

Answer 46

>40 | >35

Question 47

What is considered low HDL for men? and for women?

Answer 47

<40 | <50

Question 48

Normocytic anemia (normal MCV, low Hgb/Hct) is associated with ____

Answer 48

arthritis

Question 49

Which vitamin supplement could lead to drug resistance when taken with Retrovir?

Answer 49

Vit C

Question 50

What minerals may need to be supplemented with a Billroth II procedure?

Answer 50

Calcium and Iron

Question 51

Niacin and Vitamin E should be avoided before a permanent cosmetic procedure because they are ____ meds

Answer 51

blooding thinning

Question 52

Biphosphonate is a medication that prevents ____ and is used to treat ____

Answer 52

loss of bone density | osteoporosis

Question 53

Individuals on Methotrexate must avoid eating ____ rich foods because it may decrease the effectiveness of the drug

Answer 53

folate