Development Flashcards
male gonads and path of sperm
testes (in scrotum) produce sperm
- sperm enter epididymis (modifications)
- goes through van deferens and connects to urthrea. (gets ATP and joins with seminal vesicle)
- passes through prostate
- exits urethra through ejaculation
female gonads
ovaries produce oocytes
primary oocyte in ovaries, once thrown to fallopian tube and completes M1
travels down fallopian tube
-sperm meets and fertilizes
secondary oocyte goes through M2
-if not fertilized, oocyte reaches uterus and exits through vagina in menstruation
meiosis
process of creating haploid cells,
going from 46 chromosomes to 23
only happens in gamete cells
M1- similar to mitosis, breaks down from 46 to 23 chromosomes
M2- breaks 23 chromosomes into mixed cells with separate chromatids to later bind with an opposite gamete cell.
gametogenesis
gets cells to correct # of DNA
goes through mitosis and miosis
spermatogenesis and oogenesis
1- normal somatic cells (gonia cells) go through mitosis
2- 1 cell goes back as a somatic cell and the other is differentiated as a gamete (gametocytes)
go through M1
3- creates 2 daughter cells (or 1 Dcell and 1 polar body(, 23 chromosomes
M2 occurs
4- 4 daughter cells ( or 1 and 1 polar body) are created
5- modifications occur so that the gametes are mature
spermatogenesis
events in which spermatoid give rise to spermocytes, and spermatids, and then sperm cells
spermiogenesis
modifications made to a spermatid to become a sperm cell
- elongated spermatid
- spermatozoa
acrosome
membrane on the anterior part of a sperm
helps sperm penetrate eggs
oocytes
female gamete
primary
secondary
follicles
released with eggs each month
ovulation
process of egg moving from ovary to fallopian tube
corpus luteum
secretes estrogen and progesterone, makes uterus more stable for implantation
fertilization
process of sperm meeting egg and mixing DNA, creating a zygote (46 chromosomes)
-cleavage
-morula
-blastocyte
corona radiata
surrounds the fertilized egg to provide proteins
pronuclei
23 male pronuclei
23 female pronuclei
makes up a zygote with 46 chromosomes
zygote
created when sperm enters 2ndary oocyte
combo of pronuclei
starts cleavage to create somatic cells/blastomeres