H.D - Chapter 4 Flashcards
Gross motor development
-combine upper and lower body skills
-EX: running, jumping, catching, throwing
-Balance improves
Fine motor development
-EX: drawing, writting, using utensils
-Show preference on hand
-tadpole drawings -> just focus on the obvious (face)
Growth in hemispheres
-3-6 yrs, left hemisphere grows dramatically (language skills)
-right hemisphere continues to grow (recognizing shapes)
Corpus Callosum
-Helps coordinate both sides of body
-Growth spurt between 3-6 yrs
-EX: difficulty to make X infront of them
Piaget: Pre-operational Stage
-2-7 yrs
-Children use symbols to represent words, images, and ideas (imagination, pretend play)
-Symbolic Thought
-Start to use language
-Cannot understand adult logic
Operational
Logical manipulation of information
-Children are “pre”operational -> Children’s logic is based on own personal knowledge
Conservation
-Recognize that moving or rearranging matter does not change the quantity
-EX: which stick is longer, which tube has more liquid
Centration
-Children focus on the obvious rather than all aspects of the situation
-EX: focused on the five cut pieces, rather than the entire slice of pizza
Egocentrism
-Attribute their own perspective to situations
-don’t think about other perspectives
-EX: you like barbies, your brother will also like barbies
Animism
-Attributing life-like qualities to objects
-think objects that move are alive
Criticism of Piaget
underestimated intellectual capabilities of pre-operational children
Zone of Proximal Development
Vygotsky
-When children are almost able to perform a task successfully, but not quite w/o assistance of their own
-What children can achieve w someone vs by themselves
-“difference”-> zone
-EX; Children tie their shoes w vs w/o assistance
Scaffolding
-Fist give a lot of help to child, and slowly reducing help
Private Speech
Vygotsky
Believed they use it to talk to themselves and help w problem solving
Very important behavior for learning
Egocentric Speech
Piaget
Speech that is focused on the child and does not include another’s point of view