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Intro to Psych > H.D. - Chapter 6 > Flashcards

H.D. - Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Menarche

A

● 1st period
● Triggered by nutrition, changes in hormones
● Heritability

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2
Q

Testosterone and Estrogen

A
  • Responsible for sexuality and fertility
    ● Responsible for sex drive, puberty, sperm production, menstruation, pregnancy and menopause.
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3
Q

What body types increase puberty

A

Genetics
Girls with obesity
Girls with more stress

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4
Q

Primary Sexual Characteristics
Men

A

Changes in the reproductive organs
Men:
Growth of penis, scrotum, testes, spermarche (first ejaculation)

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5
Q

Primary Sexual Characteristics
Females

A

Growth in uterus, menarche

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6
Q

Secondary Sexual Characteristics
Men

A

Physical changes - not directly related to reproduction
lower voice, hair growth, broad shoulders

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7
Q

Secondary Sexual Characteristics
Females

A

Breast development

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8
Q

Environmental Factors and Timing of Puberty

A

Cultural differences
African american girls tend to hit puberty before
Effects on nutrition and healthcare

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9
Q

Consequences of Early and Late Puberty
Girls

A

Early:
Early sexual behavior, less confidence w relationships w family and friends, negative body image, less popular, low confidence, long-term problems, more likely to deviant behavior
Interact w older people
More attention, more freedom from parents

Late:
More popular, more sociable,positive body image

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10
Q

Consequences of Early and Late Puberty
Boys

A

Early
More popular, confident, independent, positive body image

Late
Less popular, more anxious, talkative, attention seekers, negative body image

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11
Q

Anorexia
Treatment

A

Adequate nutrition and stop inappropriate behaviors

Maudsley Approach:
Parents of adolescents with anorexia become involved in child’s treatment

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy:
Assists sufferers by identifying distorted thinking patterns and changing inaccurate beliefs

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12
Q

Historical Changes in Sexual Norms

A

Big jumps of sexual activity in 70s and 90s
Might be due to self report
Now offered sex education
Greater tolerance for sex rates have not increased in past 20 yrs

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13
Q

Formal Operational Stage

Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning

A

Developing hypotheses based on what might logically occur
All possibilities / scientific thinking
Ex: Sarah and emily making cookies

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14
Q

Formal Operational Stage

Propositional Thought

A

The logic of verbal propositions
Mathematical problems
Based solely on wording of statement

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15
Q

Kohlber’s Stages of Morality

Preconventional Level

A

Reasoning is based on external forces
Punishment or reward
EX: if he steals he’ll go to jail

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16
Q

Kohlber’s Stages of Morality

Conventional Level

A

Morality determined by social conventions and laws
EX: if he steals people will think he’s a criminal

17
Q

Kohlber’s Stages of Morality

Postconventional Level

A

Reasoning based on a person’s moral code: morality determined by broader principles

18
Q

Imaginary Audience

A

Adolescents belief that those around them are as concerned and focused on their appearances as they are themselves

19
Q

Personal Fable

A

Belief that one is unique,special, and invulnerable to harm
Especially death
Experiences and emotions are unique, no one can understand them
Increase belief of invulnerability, increase risky behaviors

20
Q

Adolescence-Limited Turmoil

A

Antisocial behavior that is specific to adolescence and does not persist into adult life

21
Q

Brain Development in Adolescents
Myelination

A

Improvements in thinking and neuron connection
Myelin decreases plasticity

22
Q

Brain Development in Adolescents
Corpus Callosum

A

Hippocampus - greater memory and experiences into decision making

23
Q

Brain Development in Adolescents
Limbic System

A

Regulates emotion and reward
Hormonal changes
Interaction w peers

24
Q

Brain Development in Adolescents
Prefrontal Cortex

A

Control of impulses, organization, planning, and good decision making
Not fully developed

25
Q

Brain Development in Adolescents
Issues

A

Mismatch between late prefrontal cortex and early limbic system development
Risky behavior, poor decision, weak emotional control
Earlier puberty → greater difference

Brians sensitive to dopamine
Reward outweigh the risks

26
Q

Conflicts between Adolescents and Parents

A

Most teens get along bit spend les time
Autonomy → teens greater desire for independence

27
Q

Cliques

A

Groups of individuals who interact frequently

28
Q

Crowds

A

Characterized more by shared reputations or images than actual interactions
linked w social status

29
Q

Driving Simulation

A

Teenagers not bad drivers
Made more mistake when peers
Peer pressure
Distraction

Intro to Psych (15 decks)

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