CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

________ and _________ form part of the structural framework of DNA and RNA

A

ribose
deoxyribose

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2
Q

__________ is a major fuel of the tissues of mammals and a universal fuel of the fetus

A

glucose

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3
Q

the filipino diet consists of
_____ starches and dextrins
_____ sucrose
_____ lactose
_____ other sugars

A

60%
30%
5%
5%

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4
Q

_______ there is no hydrolase in man that could digest cellulose

A

cellulose

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5
Q

enzyme for the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cells

A

hexokinase, glucokinase

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6
Q

the reaction of the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cell is a _________ reaction

A

irreversible

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7
Q

___________ is inhibited by Glucose 6 phosphate, this is called feedback inhibition

A

hexokinase

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8
Q

hexokinase is not induced by ________

A

insulin

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9
Q

hexokinase acts on other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and etc.

it is called a __________ enzyme

A

general enzyme

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10
Q

once glucose is inside the cell, glucose is converted to glucose-6-phopshate through __________ either by hexokinase or glucokinase

A

phosphorylation

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11
Q

inhibited by ATP, citrate, H+ ions, cyclic AMP, increased ATP/AMP ratio

stimulated by ADP, AMP, decreased ATP/AMP ratio

A

phosphofructokinase

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12
Q

inhibited by glucose 6 phosphate

A

hexokinase

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13
Q

inhibited by ATP, alanine, fatty acids, acetyl CoA

stimulated by: Fructose 1,6-biphosphate

A

pyruvate kinase

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14
Q

inhibits reaction 1 catalyzed by hexokinase

A

2-deoxyglucose

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15
Q

inihibits reaction 6: G3P dehydrogenase

A

sulfhydryl agents (iodoacetate)

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16
Q

inhibits reaction 9 catalyzed by enolase

A

fluoride

17
Q

arsenic poisoning inhibits those enzymes which require lipoic acid as coenzyme like pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

A

pentavalent arsenic or asenate

18
Q

enzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Py, Di, Di,

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase
dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

19
Q

prosthetic group of pyruvate dehydrogenase

A

thiamine pyrophosphate

20
Q

prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase

A

lipoamide and CoASH (Vitamin B5)

21
Q

prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

A

FAD and NAD (Vitamin B2 and B3)

22
Q

causes hemolytic anemia

deficient glucose 6 phosphate

important in production of glutathione that reduces the reactive oxygen species spontaneously produced in the body

A

glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

23
Q

deficiency of phosphofructokinase-1 which is the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis

exercise capacity of the patient is low, especially those that are on a high carbohydrate diet

A

muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency

24
Q

due to defects in one or more components of the PDH complex

manifests as lactic acidosis particularly after a glucose load

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

25
Q

deficiency of vitamin B1 can lead to ________

A

beriberi

26
Q

pyruvate is converted to lactate by ____________

A

lactate dehydrogenase