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BIOCHEMISTRY > NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM > Flashcards

NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM Flashcards

1
Q

nucleotide synthesis

you make bases

A

de novo pathways

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2
Q

pathways in nucleotide synthesis

recycle the free bases and nucleosides from nucleic acid breakdown

A

salvage pathways

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3
Q

active form of ribose 5 phosphate

important in both de novo and salvage pathways

A

phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate

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4
Q

base is made and is attached to the ribose the whole process

needs PRPP
Glycine
IMP

A

purine

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5
Q

base is made WITHOUT ribose.

base is only attached to the ribose once base is completely formed needs PRPP

aspartate
OMP

A

pyrimidine

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6
Q

synthesis of inosine monophosphate starts from ribose 5 phosphate which is derived from the _______

A

HMP shunt

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7
Q

synthesis of inosine monophosphate requires _______ steps overall

A

11 steps

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8
Q

step 1 is the activation of ________

enzyme is ___________

A

ribose 5 phosphate
ribose 5 phosphate pyrophosphokinase

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9
Q

in synthesis of inosine monophosphate step 2 is the __________

the enzyme is ____

A

rate limiting stem
PRPP glutamylamidotransferase

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10
Q

in step 3 of synthesis of inosine monophosphate

there is acquisition of __,__, and ____

A

C4,C5,N7

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11
Q

step 4 of synthesis of inosine monophosphate is the acquisition of _____

this is not _______ driven

A

C8
ATP

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12
Q

in step 5 of inosine monophosphate biosynthesis there is acquisition of ______

the coenzyme is ______ and ________

A

C8

Glutamine and ATP

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13
Q

in step 6 of the synthesis of inosine monophosphate is the closure of the _______ ring

A

imidazole

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14
Q

in step 8 of IMP synthesis

the coenzyme is ____ and ____

A

aspartate and ATP

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15
Q

Step 11 of IMP synthesis

enzyme that closes the 2nd ring: ___________

A

IMP cyclohydrolase

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16
Q

amino acid donor for AMP

A

aspartate

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17
Q

amino acid donor for GMP

A

glutamine

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18
Q

IMP will use _________ to produce AMP

A

GTP

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19
Q

IMP will use __________ to produce GMP

A

ATP

20
Q

the rate limiting enzyme (glutamine PRPP amidotransferase) is inhibited by

A

AMP
GMP
IMP

21
Q

PRPP synthetases are inhibited by _____

A

ADP

22
Q

in purine salvage pathway

two phosphoribosyl transferases are involved which are:

_______ for adenine
_______ for guanine or hypoxanthine

A

APRT
HGPRT

23
Q

final product of purine salvage pathway

A

uric acid

24
Q

enzyme that converts xanthine to uric acid

A

xanthine oxidase

25
Q

enzymes that converts adenosine to inosine

A

adenosine deaminase

26
Q

pyrimidine nucleotides are made from ______, ________, and _____

A

aspartate, PRPP, and carbamoyl phosphate

27
Q

in synthesis of OMP

the rate limiting enzyme of step 1 is ________

the enzyme is the major site of regulations in animals

activated by _____ and _______

A

CPS II

ATP and PRPP

28
Q

step 6 of OMP synthesis

enzyme:
and byproduct:

A

OMP decarboxylase
carbon dioxide

29
Q

what inhibits ribonucleotide reductase?

A

dATP

30
Q

enzymes to inhibit for anti cancer drugs

A

thymidylate synthetase
dihydrofolate reductase

31
Q

drug that inhibit thymidylate synthase

A

flurouracild

32
Q

drug that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

A

methotrexate
aminopterin
trimethoprim

33
Q

in salvage pathway for pyrimidine

________ catalyzes the conversion of orotate, uracil, and thymine to their corresponding nucleotides

A

pyrimidine phosphoribosyl transferase

34
Q

pyrimidine catabolism byproducts

A

beta amino acids, NH4, CO2

35
Q

degradation of bases (cytosine, uracil, and thymine) due to _________ reduction

A

ring reduction

36
Q

absent enzyme for lesch nyhan syndrome characterized by hyperuricemia

_________ catalyzes the one step formation of hypoxanthine or guanine to IMP or GMP

A

HGPRTase

37
Q

severe combined immunodeficiency is caused by _________ deficiency

there is dysfunction T cells and B cells apparently due to the inhibitory effect of ATP which accumulates

A

adenosine deaminase

38
Q

in hyperuricemia and gout

overactivity of ________
deficiency of ________
deficiency of ________

A

PRPP synthetase
HGPRTase
Glucose 6 phosphate

39
Q

the drug _________ inhibits xanthine oxidase

A

allopurinol

40
Q

deficiency of glucose 6 phosphatase increases level of glucose 6 phosphate

A

von gierke’s disease

41
Q

absence of __________-causes orotic aciduria

A

orotidylate decarboxylase

42
Q

drug that inhibits IMP to AMP AND IMP to GMP

A

6 mercaptopurine

43
Q

drug that inhibits DNA polymerase

A

adenosine arabinoside

44
Q

inhibits glutamine

A

Azaserine

45
Q

functions as an analogue of thymidine thus causing misreading

A

Iodouracil

BIOCHEMISTRY (40 decks)

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