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BIOCHEMISTRY > CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM (GLYCOLYSIS) > Flashcards

CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM (GLYCOLYSIS) Flashcards

1
Q

glycolysis is the major pathway for ________________; found in all cells

A

glucose utilization

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2
Q

aerobic glycolysis (function if oxygen is available) the product is __________________

A

pyruvate

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3
Q

anaerobic glycolysis (function if oxygen is absent) the product is __________________

A

lactate/lactic acid

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4
Q

glycolysis sets the stage for the complete oxidation of glucose to _____ and____

A

water and carbon dioxide

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5
Q

two phases of glycolysis (according to Harper’s)

A

energy investment phase
energy generation phase

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6
Q

two phases of glycolysis (according to Lehninger)

A

preparatory phase
payoff phase

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7
Q

a phosphoryl group is transferred from ATP to a glycolytic intermediate or vice versa

ex: Glucose + ATP to Glucose 6 phosphate + ADP

A

phosphoryl transfer

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8
Q

a phosphoryl group is shifted within a molecule from one oxygen atom to another

ex: 3 phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate

A

phosphoryl shift

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9
Q

a ketose is converted into an aldose or vice verse

ex: glucose 6 phosphate to fructose 6 phosphate

A

isomerization

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10
Q

a molecule of water is eliminated

2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolypruvate

A

dehydration

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11
Q

a carbon to carbon bond is split in a reversal of an aldol condensation

ex: fructose 1,6 biphosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate + glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

A

aldol cleavage

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12
Q

the 3 irreversible steps of glycolysis
G-G6P
F6P-F1,6P
PP-P

A
  1. glucose -> glucose 6 phosphate
  2. fructose 6 phosphate -> fructose 1,6 phosphate
  3. phosphoenol pyruvate -> pyruvate

REACTIONS 1,3,10

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13
Q

the 3 enzymes of the irreversible steps of glycolysis

A

hexokinase/glucokinase
phosphofructokinase-1
pyruvate kinase

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14
Q

REACTION 1 enzyme that converts glucose to glucose 6 phosphate

phosphorylation reaction

A

glucokinase/hexokinase

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15
Q

REACTION 2 enzyme that converts glucose 6 phosphate to fructose 6 phosphate

isomerization reaction

A

phosphohexose isomerase

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16
Q

REACTION 3 enzyme that converts fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 biphosphate

phosphorylation reaction

A

phosphofructokinase

17
Q

REACTION 4 enzyme that splits fructose 1,6 biphosphate to G3P + DHAP

A

aldolase

18
Q

REACTION 5 enzyme of isomerization reaction where DHAP and G3P are interconvertible

produced another G3P

A

tiosephosphate isomerase

19
Q

REACTION 6 enzyme that converts G3P to 1,3 Biphosphoglycerate

produced NADH+H

A

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase

20
Q

REACTION 7 enzyme 1,3 biphosphoglycerate to 3 phosphoglycerate

A

phosphoglycerate kinase

21
Q

REACTION 8 enzyme 3 phosphoglycerate to 2 phosphoglycerate

A

phosphoglycerate mutase

22
Q

REACTION 9 2 enzyme of phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolypyruvate

dehydration reaction

A

enolase

23
Q

REACTION 10 enzyme of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate

A

pyruvate kinase

24
Q

in the mitochondrial shuttle systems

Malate Aspartate shuttle system for COMPLEX 1 produces 2.5 ATP produced x 2 per NADH = ____________

A

5 ATP

25
Q

in the mitochondrial shuttle systems

Glycerol 3 Phosphate shuttle system for COMPLEX 2 produces 1.5 ATP produced x 2 per NADH = ____________

A

3 ATP

26
Q

In reaction 6: G3P to 1,3 BPG undergoes aerobic glycolysis via the MALATE ASPARTATE SHUTTLE how many ATP is produced?

A

5 ATP IS PRODUCED In reaction 6: G3P to 1,3 BPG in the malate aspartate shuttle

27
Q

In reaction 6: G3P to 1,3 BPG undergoes aerobic glycolysis via the GLYCEROL 3 PHOSPHATE SHUTTLE how many ATP is produced?

A

3 ATP IS PRODUCED In reaction 6: G3P to 1,3 BPG in the malate aspartate shuttle

28
Q

How many ATP is produced in reaction 7 which is 1,3 BPG to 3 Phosphoglycerate?

A

2 ATP IS PRODUCED IN REACTION 7

29
Q

How many ATP is produced in reaction 10 which is phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate?

A

2 ATP IS PRODUCED IN REACTION 10

30
Q

If 1 mol of glucose undergoes AEROBIC glycolysis via the malate aspartate shuttle, how many ATPs will be produced?

Gross and Net

A

5+2+2

GROSS ATP PRODUCED: 9
NET ATP PRODUCED: 7

31
Q

If 1 mol of glucose undergoes AEROBIC glycolysis via the GLYCEROL 3 PHOSPHATE SHUTTLE , how many ATPs will be produced?

Gross and Net

A

3+2+2

GROSS ATP PRODUCED: 7
NET ATP PRODUCED: 5

32
Q

If 1 mol of glucose undergoes ANAEROBIC glycolysis via the, how many ATPs will be produced?

Gross and Net

A

2+2

GROSS ATP PRODUCED: 4
NET ATP PRODUCED: 4

33
Q

Fructose 1,6 biphosphate will produce how many net ATPs if it goes through aerobic glycolysis via malate aspartate shuttle

A

GROSS ATP PRODUCED: 9
NET ATP PRODUCED: 9

34
Q

LOL for fun: Fructose 6 phosphate will produce how many net ATPs if it goes through aerobic glycolysis via malate aspartate shuttle

A

GROSS ATP PRODUCED: 9
NET ATP PRODUCED: 8

BIOCHEMISTRY (40 decks)

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