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BIOCHEMISTRY > GENE EXPRESSION II > Flashcards

GENE EXPRESSION II Flashcards

1
Q

___________RNA contains the codons that specifies the sequence of amino acids in protein

A

messenger RNA

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2
Q

________ RNA has the anticodon and the carrier of amino acid

A

transfer rna

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3
Q

____________ becomes part of the ribosome

A

ribosomal RNA

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4
Q

__________ RNA is involved in chromatin remodeling

A

long noncoding RNA

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5
Q

____________ involved in removal of introns and splicing of exons

A

small nuclear RNA

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6
Q

________ and _________ RNA modulates gene expression

A

micro and silencing

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7
Q

gene is a segment of DNA that determines a single character or phenotype

A

gene

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8
Q

_________ is a segment of DNA that codes for protein or RNA

molecular definition

A

gene

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9
Q

a section of a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific polypeptide in protein synthesis

A

Cistrons

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10
Q

coding segments of the gene

A

exons

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11
Q

intervening segments of DNA that do not code for the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide

A

Introns

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12
Q

codes for polypeptides and RNA’s

A

structural genes

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13
Q

non structural genes

_______– one that serves as a starting point for reading the genetic code

___________- one that synthesizes the repressor

A

operator gene
regulator gene

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14
Q

a linear array of genes involved in a metabolic pathway e.g. lac operon and trp operon

A

operon

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15
Q

smallest unit of genetic expression codes for a subunit of a protein
(one cistron, one subunit concept)

A

cistron

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16
Q

single mRNA that encodes more than one separately translated protein

A

polycistronic mRNA

17
Q

__________– describes how two adjacent genes involved in lactose metabolism were coordinately regulated by a genetic element located at one end of the gene cluster

A

lac operon

18
Q

structural gene for beta galactosidase which hydrolyze lactose to galactose and glucose

A

Lac Z gene

19
Q

structural gene for permease which transports lactose into the cell

A

lac Y gene

20
Q

encodes a thiogalactoside transacetylase which modify toxic galactoside to facilitate their removal from the cell

A

lac A gene

21
Q

_____________ is the principal enzyme involved in transcription

A

RNA polymerase

22
Q

the ___________ enzyme of RNA polymerase consists of 2 alpha and 2 beta and 1 omega subunits

A

core enzyme

23
Q

types of mammalian RNA polymerases

insensitive to amanitin
synthesizes rRNA

A

RNAP I

24
Q

types of mammalian RNA polymerases

sensitive to low concentration of amanitin

synthesizes hnRNA

A

RNAP II

25
Q

types of mammalian RNA polymerases

sensitive to high concentrations of amanitin from amanita phalloides
synthesizes tRNA

A

RNAP III

26
Q

BASICS STEPS IN TRANSCRIPTION

recognition of specific binding site in the DNA template

A

template binding

27
Q

BASICS STEPS IN TRANSCRIPTION
( template binding)

DNA strand that is transcribed into an RNA

A

template strand

28
Q

BASICS STEPS IN TRANSCRIPTION
(template binding)

the untranscribed DNA strand

A

coding (sense) strand

29
Q

BASICS STEPS IN TRANSCRIPTION

alignment of 1st 2 NTP’s to their complementary bases on the DNA template

A

chain initiation

30
Q

BASICS STEPS IN TRANSCRIPTION

DNA template contains stop signals

2 major termination strategies
Rho dependent
Rho independent

A

termination and release

31
Q

inhibition that bind to the DNA template

____________ - antibiotic
____________ - derived from fungus

A

actinomycin D
aflatoxin

32
Q

inhibitors that bind to RNA polymerase

_________ - anti TB drug
_________ - toxic principle found in poisonous mushroom

A

rifampicin
amanitin

BIOCHEMISTRY (40 decks)

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