CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 1

Question 1

________ and _________ form part of the structural framework of DNA and RNA

Answer 1

ribose
deoxyribose

Question 2

__________ is a major fuel of the tissues of mammals and a universal fuel of the fetus

Answer 2

glucose

Question 3

the filipino diet consists of
_____ starches and dextrins
_____ sucrose
_____ lactose
_____ other sugars

Answer 3

60%
30%
5%
5%

Question 4

_______ there is no hydrolase in man that could digest cellulose

Answer 4

cellulose

Question 5

enzyme for the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cells

Answer 5

hexokinase, glucokinase

Question 6

the reaction of the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cell is a _________ reaction

Answer 6

irreversible

Question 7

___________ is inhibited by Glucose 6 phosphate, this is called feedback inhibition

Answer 7

hexokinase

Question 8

hexokinase is not induced by ________

Answer 8

insulin

Question 9

hexokinase acts on other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and etc.

it is called a __________ enzyme

Answer 9

general enzyme

Question 10

once glucose is inside the cell, glucose is converted to glucose-6-phopshate through __________ either by hexokinase or glucokinase

Answer 10

phosphorylation

Question 11

inhibited by ATP, citrate, H+ ions, cyclic AMP, increased ATP/AMP ratio

stimulated by ADP, AMP, decreased ATP/AMP ratio

Answer 11

phosphofructokinase

Question 12

inhibited by glucose 6 phosphate

Answer 12

hexokinase

Question 13

inhibited by ATP, alanine, fatty acids, acetyl CoA

stimulated by: Fructose 1,6-biphosphate

Answer 13

pyruvate kinase

Question 14

inhibits reaction 1 catalyzed by hexokinase

Answer 14

2-deoxyglucose

Question 15

inihibits reaction 6: G3P dehydrogenase

Answer 15

sulfhydryl agents (iodoacetate)

Question 16

inhibits reaction 9 catalyzed by enolase

Answer 16

fluoride

Question 17

arsenic poisoning inhibits those enzymes which require lipoic acid as coenzyme like pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Answer 17

pentavalent arsenic or asenate

Question 18

enzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Py, Di, Di,

Answer 18

pyruvate dehydrogenase
dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

Question 19

prosthetic group of pyruvate dehydrogenase

Answer 19

thiamine pyrophosphate

Question 20

prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase

Answer 20

lipoamide and CoASH (Vitamin B5)

Question 21

prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

Answer 21

FAD and NAD (Vitamin B2 and B3)

Question 22

causes hemolytic anemia

deficient glucose 6 phosphate

important in production of glutathione that reduces the reactive oxygen species spontaneously produced in the body

Answer 22

glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Question 23

deficiency of phosphofructokinase-1 which is the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis

exercise capacity of the patient is low, especially those that are on a high carbohydrate diet

Answer 23

muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency

Question 24

due to defects in one or more components of the PDH complex

manifests as lactic acidosis particularly after a glucose load

Answer 24

pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

Question 25

deficiency of vitamin B1 can lead to ________

Answer 25

beriberi

Question 26

pyruvate is converted to lactate by ____________

Answer 26

lactate dehydrogenase