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Myco-Viro > (2) Hepatitis Virus (HCV, HDV, HEV, & HGV) > Flashcards

(2) Hepatitis Virus (HCV, HDV, HEV, & HGV) Flashcards

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1
Q

Identify the virus

  • Major public health problem
  • > 4m infected in us
  • > 170m people die worldwide
  • 12000 patients die annually (us)
A

HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV)

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2
Q
  • Leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
  • Primary indication for liver transplantation in Western countries
A

Hepatitis C Virus

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3
Q

Hepa C virus are known causative agent of previously known?

A

Non-A and Non-B Hepatitis

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4
Q

Hepa C Incidence rate after a single unit blood transfucsion

A

2-4%

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5
Q

Hepa C Virus

Identify the Family, and genus

also give the characteristive of the virus

A

Family: Flaviviridae
Genus: Hepatitis C Virus

Characteristic: Enveloped, ssRNA virus

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6
Q

How many genotyoes are there in HEPA C?

A

6 (designated as 1-6)

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7
Q

what is the characteristic of HEPA C Virus why is it allowed to esxape immune response and persist in the host

A

HIGH MUTATION RATE

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8
Q

Also known as the post-transfusion hepatitis or the non- A and non-B (NANB) hepatitis.

A

Hepatitis C

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9
Q

main agent of the Hepatitis C ?

A

Hepatitis C virus malamang

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10
Q

MOT of Hepa C

A
  • Parenteral (Blood Transfusion)
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11
Q

what stages for Hepa c may lead to liver cirrhosis and cancer

A

Acute and Chronic Stage

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12
Q

Treatment for Hepa C

A

Interferons and Ribavirin

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13
Q

HCV Risk factors

A
  • Blood transfusion before 1992
    o Testing has reduced risk to about 0.001 to 0.01% per
    unit of blood transfused.
  • Organ transplantation before 1992.
  • Occupational exposures to contaminated blood.
  • Chronic hemodialysis.
  • Possibly intranasal cocaine use, body piercing, and tattooing
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14
Q

Enumerate the test for HCV

A
  1. Surrogate tests
  2. Serological Test
  3. Radioummunoblot Assay
  4. RT-PCR
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15
Q

identify what test for HCV

  • An old test for HCV infection which tests if an individual has both high ALT and a (-) ANTI-HBc indicating non-reactivity to ANTI HBcAg1.
  • Non-specific
A

Surrogate Tests

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16
Q

identify what test for HCV

ELISA and RIA fir ANTI-HCV

A

Serological test

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17
Q

identify what test for HCV

Specific test fo ANTI-HCV

A

Radioimmunoblot Assay (RIBA)

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18
Q

identify what test for HCV

In cases of persistent HCV Infection

A

RT-PCR (for HCV RNA)

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19
Q

Interpretation Pattern of HCV markers

ANTI-HCV: -
RIBA: -
HVC RNA: +

A

Acute HCV infection

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20
Q

Interpretation Pattern of HCV markers

ANTI-HCV: +
RIBA: +
HVC RNA: +

A

Active HCV Infection

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21
Q

Interpretation Pattern of HCV markers

ANTI-HCV: +
RIBA: -
HVC RNA: -

A

Possible HCV Clearance & False positive HCV Test

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22
Q

Interpretation Pattern of HCV markers

ANTI-HCV: +
RIBA: Indeterminate
HVC RNA: -

A

Requires Further Analysis

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23
Q

HCV markers

TOF

Serological and BIRA are correleted. Therefore, if serolofical test +, BIRA should also test +

A

F (RIBA)

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24
Q

Identify the virus

  • Single-stranded
  • Circular RNA
  • Surrounded by envelope from HBV and containse HBsAg
A

Hepatitis D Virus

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25
Initially called delta agent, now hepatitis delta antigen
Hepatitis D Virus
26
what is the Family of HDV
Deltavirus | first described in italy, 1977
27
what other hepa virus are associated with HDV???
Associated exclusively with HBV infections, either as a **co-infection or as a superinfection.**
27
28
TOF HDV replication are complete RNA viruse and can cause infection by itself
FALSE Replication are defective bcos it is incomplete RNA, unable to cause infection by itselg
29
TOF HDV are dependent on HBV for expression and Pathogenicity
T
30
TOF Hepa B can cause Hepa D, but not other way around?
True
31
HBV + Delta Virus =??/
HDV (this is the only way you can acquire Hepatitis D virus) NEED NG HBV! kahit may delta pero wlang HBV womp womp will not be a HDV virus
32
what is the replication mechanism of HDV??
Reverse Transcription (Force the host’s RNA polymerase to transcribe the HDV RNA genome)
33
where HDV can be commonly seen?
Intravenous drug users and Hemophiliacs
34
Prevention for HDV
* No vaccine is available. * The only means of preventing hepatitis D infection is to prevent HBV infection.
35
MOT of HDV
Parenteral and Sexual
36
TOF HDV signs and symptoms are similar with HAV
F (HBV)
37
Markers to know if HDV is coinfected or superinfected with HBV
Coinfection: + for both ANTI-HDV and **IgM** ANTI-HBc Superinfection= + ANTI-HDV and **IgG** ANTI-HBc
38
Lab diagnosis for HDV
- Indirect ELISA o ANTI-HDV o ANTI-HBc - PCR - Clinical findings which are similar with HBV infection.
39
# identify what Virus Sporadic and epidemic hepatitis in developing countries such as India, Pakistan, Africa, and Mexico
Hepatitis E Virus
40
# Identify what Virus Clinically resembles HAV infections
Hepatitis E Virus
41
MOT for HEV
Fecal-Oral Route
42
Since HEV is like HAV, what infection cannot be seen
No chronic infection
43
TOF HEV are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
F (it should not be assoc)
44
Give the Family and genus, and characeterisic of HEV
Family: Hepeviridae Genus: Hepevirus Characteristic: Nonenveloped, ssRNA
45
Incubation Period of HEV
3-8 weeks
46
what is the course of infection of HEV
Acute, Self-limiting Hepatitis - last 1 to 4 weeks
47
what kind of hepatits are associated with HEV
Fulminant Hepatitis
48
# HEV rapidly progressing disease and a high mortality rate; occurring more commonly in pregnant women.
Fulminant Hepatitis
49
# Identify what HEPATITIS * Also known as water-borne hepatitis since the virus is present in contaminated waters. * Main agent is the hepatitis E virus. * It causes high mortality rate in pregnant women.
Hepatitis E
50
TOF Hepatitis E have immunity mechanism
F (does not have)
51
Enumerate the Lab diagnosis for HEV
- Electron Microscopy (stool as specimen) - Indirect ELISA o ANTI-HEV **IgM** indicating an acute infection o ANTI-HEV **IgG** indicating a past infection - RT-PCR - Clinical Findings
52
# Identify what Virus An enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family.
Hepatitis G Virus
53
MOT of HGV
- Bloodborne Route - Perinatal Route - SEXXX
54
Detection method for HGV
- RT-PCR - Serology
55
what is the characteristic of HEPA G VIRUS that is uncertain in what concept
HGV consiste of group of viruses with UNCERTAIN ASSOCIATION with hepatitis | Discovered during the 1990s
56
what is the other term of HGV
- GB Virus Type C or GBV-C - Torquetenovirus (TTV also known as transfusion-transmitted virus)
57
what are the disease associated with HGV accdin to lecture
- Hepatitis G - TTV
58
# Identify what HEPATITIS - Also known as the blood-borne hepatitis, G-B, transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) - Main agent is the hepatitis G virus (HGV)
Hepatitis G
59
what are the test for HEPATITIS G
- Qualitative PCR assay for HGV RNA - No serological test available
60
A single-stranded non-enveloped DNA virus belonging to the genus **Annellovirus**.
TTV
61
what Genus does the TTV belongs to?
Annellovirus
62
MOT of TTV
- Parenteal - Fecal-oral - Respiratory Routes
63
Detection method of TTV
PCR (mainly for researches)
64
ENUMERATE the TOTAL HEPATITIS PROFILE
- Anti - HAV IgM - Anti - HAV IgG - HBs Ag - HBe Ag - Anti-HBc IgM - Total Anti HBc - Anti - Hbs - Anti - HCV - Anti - HDB - Anti - GEV IgM - Anti - HEV IgG
64
what is the
eme your done congrats Just study the viral hepa table for better remembrance of the shingalings

Myco-Viro (25 decks)

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