(2) Superficial, Cutaneous, & Subcutaneous Fungi Flashcards by Geno Alinsub

This fungi resides in the cutaneous part of the body; parts of the body that contains keratin

Cutaneous Fungi

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the member of the cutaneous fungi are describes or said to be?

Keratinophilic – loves keratin

KERATIN!?!

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what are the other name for cutaneous fungi?

Cutaneous Mycoses or Dermatophytes

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What is the infection that cutaneous fungi cause?

TINEA or RINGWORM

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This is the general term for infections caused by dermatophytes (cutaneaous fungi)

Dermatophytosis

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what is the unique characteristic of Cutaneous Fungi?

non-reproductive or asexual spores contain macroconidia and microconidia

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What are the 3 genus under the Cutaneous Fungi?

Trichophyton – skin, hair and nails
Microsporum – skin and hair only
Epidermophyton – skin and hair only

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Genus under cutaneous fungi that infects SKIN, and HAIR ONLY

Microsporum and Epidermophyton

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Genus under cutaneous fungi that infects SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Trichophyton

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Cutaneous Fungi

Refers to which ENVIRONMENT it is seen, what is its SOURCE, and which are its AFFINITY

Ecological Groups

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Enumerate the Ecological Groups

Geophilic
Zoophilic
Antropophilic

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Ecological Group

Inhabit SOIL where they decompose keratinaceous debris
DEAD animals

Geophilic

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Ecological Group

Parasitic on ALIVE animals

Zoophilic

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Ecological Group

Primarily parasitic to man
Man as exclusive host
Man is importatn for maintenance and dissemination of species

Anthrophilic

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Ecological Group

give the exmples of fungi under anthrophilic

M. audonii
T. rubrum
T. schoenleinii
T. tonsurans
T. violaceum

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Ecological Group

Acute Inflammation, Resolve quiclkly
Mild, Chronic Infection, Difficult to eradicate

A. Anthrophilic
B. Geophilic
C. Zoophilic

B and C
A

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Enumerate the specific ring worm infection under DERMATOPHYTOSIS (RING WORM)

CLUE: Cats Can’t Count Fish, But Unicorns Play In Mud.

Tinea corporis
Tinea cruris
Tinea capitis
Tinea favosa
Tinea barbae
Tinea unguium
Tinea pedis
Tinea imbricata
Tinea manuum

CCCFBUPIM

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Non-hairy skin
Rings with Scaly centers
Reacts with fungus (reddish Inflamed looking)

Tinea corporis

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

what are the causative Agent udner tinea corporis

Epidermophyton floccosum
Genus of Trichophyton
Genus of Microsporum

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Jock itch
Infects the moist groin area (lower extermities)
Causative agents:
o Epidermophyton floccosum
o Trichophyton rubrum

Tinea cruris

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Infects the Scalp, eyebrow, eyelashes
Genus of Microsporum and Trichophyton can cause this infection

Tinea Capitis

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Scutulum
Mass of mycelia and epithelial debris are shed off (smaller are than tinea capitis)
Looks like a dandruff
Cup-Shaped crusts

Tinea Favosa

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Bearded areas of face and neck

Tinea barbae

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Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Invasion of nail plate by dermatophytes (Tricophyton or Epidermophyton)
Thickened, discolored, and brittle

Onychomycosis – non dermatophyte (pag hindi dermatophyte yung nail infection)

Tinea unguium

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# Dermatophysis (Ring Worm) - "Athletes's foot" common name - Toe weebs and soles and even nails - ID reaction = Circulating fungal antigens

Tinea Pedis

# Dermatophysis (Ring Worm) * Appear as Concentric rings * Caused by Trichophyton concentricum

Tinea imbricata

# Dermatophysis (Ring Worm) * interdigital areas and palmar surfaces (hands)

Tinea manuum

Enumerate the Manner of Hair Invasion

1. Echtothrix Invasion 2. Endothrix Invasion

# Invasion of Hair - Hair invasion - Formation of arthroconidia on the **outside** of hair shaft - Cuticle of hair is **destroyed**

Ectothrix invasion

Ectothrix invasion is caused by a dermatophyte, enumerate the fungi

* Microsporum canis * M. gypseum * Trichophyton equinum * T. verrucosum

What are the lab identification for Hair invasion?

**Wood’s UV light** *Infected hairs fluoresce* Bright greenish yellow under Wood’s lamp

# Hair Invasion - Formation of spores and hyphae **within** hair shaft - Cuticle of hair remains **intact** - **DO NOT fluoresce** under Wood’s UV light - ALL AGENTS ARE **ANTHROPOPHILIC**

Endothrix invasion

common dermatophytes that cause the endothrix invasion

Trichophyton tonsurans and T. violaceum

Enumerate the classification of Dermatophytes

- Microsporum - Trichophyton - Epidermophyton

Microsporum are commonly called as?

**Sheath of spore** Why? Because puro sila macroconidia and microconidia, and majority of them when you look at it under the microscope, puro spores ang makikita natin specifically, nonsexual (asexual) type of spores

Enumerate the micoscporum

1. Microsporum Canis 2. Microsporum Gypseum 3. Microsporum Audouinii

# Microsporium - Fluorescence UVL (UV light), growth on rice grain medium - SPINDLE SHAPE MACROCONIDIA (6-12 CELLS)

Microsporum Canis

# Microsporium - Zoophilic (cats and Dogs) - Invades: hair, skin, and rarely nails - Worldwide Distribution

Microsporum Canis

# Microsporum What is the morphology of microsporum canis under microscope

- **Spindle shaped**, one end pointed, other end blunt - **Thick walled** verrucose macroconidia - **6-12 cells**

# Microsporum What lab diagnosis are used for Microsporum canis?

Culture

# Microsporum Describe the culture's colony of microsporum canis

▪ it produces a **white cottony growth** ▪ On the reverse side of the plate (sa likod): **Golden yellow reverse colony**

# Microsporum - **Geophilic**, DO NOT fluoresce under UV - OBLONG (ELLIPSOIDAL) MACROCONIDIA (4-6 CELLS)

Microsporum Gypseum

# Microsporum Lab diagnosis for microsporum gypseum

Culture

# Microsporum Describe the colony of the Microsporum gypseum culture

* Flat, spreading **suede-like** to granular * **Cinnamon** growth * **Yellow brown pigment** on reverse of colony

Describe the morphology of Microsporum gypseum under microscope

* **Symmetrical** ellipsoidal * **Thin walled** verrucose macroconidia * Distal end slightly **rounded**, proximal (point of attachment) is **blunt** * **4-6 cells**

# Microsporum - Anthrophophilic - Causing Tinea capitis (old individuals/elderly)

Microsporum Audouinii

if u see this card

Take note! For Microsporum, the species under this only have Macroconidia. | - from senior trans (TJ lecturer)

# Microsporum Match 1. Geophilic 2. Zoophilic 3. Anthrophilic a. Microsporum Canis b. Microsporum Gypeseum c. Microsporum Audouinii

1. B (G - Gypseum; **G**eo) 2. A (canis - cat; ZOO) 3. C (A-audouinii; **A**ntrho)

Enumerate the Trichophytons | CLUE: Registered Medical Tech Sobrang Vovo Co

1. Trichophyton Rubrum 2. Trichophyton Mentagrophytes 3. Trichophyton Tonsuran 4. Trichophyton Schoenleinii 5. Trichophyton Verrucosum 6. Trichophyton Concentricum | RMTSVC

- It’s called **ghost of hair** mainly because it causes infection on the hair without noticeable signs - has BOTH sexual spore **macroconidia** and **microconidia** - Infects **SKIN** but mostly **HAIR**

Trichophyton

# Trichophyton - anthropophilic, ectothrix/endothrix - TEAR-DROP SHAPED MICROCONIDIA (SIDE; Majority)

Trichophyton Rubrum

# Trichophyton Give the lab diagnosis and characteristic of Trichophyton rubrum

Agar Culture - **White**, suede to downy (FRONT) - **wine-red** pigment reverse (BACK)

# Trichophyton give the description of conidia under the microscope for the Trichophyton rubrum

- **Scanty to moderate number** of slender clavate to pyriform microconidia - Clavate to pyriform conidia, **“en-thyrse”** arranged (means side by side)

# Trichophyton Trichophyton are negative in what biochemical test

Negative **in vitro hair perforation** and **urease test**

# Trichophyton why trichophyton is negative from in vitro and urease test

Most of the rubrum cannot invade the hair

# Trichophyton - **Zoophilic**, **ectothrix** - **Spherical** microconidia forming dense cluster, “en-grappe” - **GRAPE LIKE, EN GRAPPE** (CLUSTER) MICROCONIDIA

Trichophyton Mentagrophytes

# Trichophyton Describe the morphology of Trichophyton mentagrophytes under the microscope

- **Spiral hyphae** (Old culture) - **Smooth** thin-walled clavate multiseptate macroconidia - **Rod -shape** macroconidium may also be Observed

What is the lab diagnosis for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and describe its characteris

Agar Culture ▪ Flat, white to cream color; ▪ Powdery to granular surface

Give the reaction of Trichophyton Mentagrophytes for Hair perforation, Red pigment, and Urease

- Hair perforation (+) (appears to have a V-shaped / inverted V perforation) - Red pigment (-) - Urease (+)

# Trichophyton - Anthropophilic - Requires thiamine for growth - Balloon shape microconidia

Trichophyton Tonsuran

# Trichophyton Causative agent for Black dot tinea capitis

Trichophyton Tonsuran

What is the lab diagnosis for Trichophyton tonsuran and describe its characteristic

CULTIURE - creamy white w/ crater like depressed center (looks like an anus, search it up) - Under microscope: its distoreted macroconidia

# Trichophyton * Causative agent of **favus** * **Favic chandelier hyphae** –characteristic of its hyphae * **lots of hypahe**(no micro- and macroconidia)

Trichophyton Schoenleinii

# Trichophyton - Microconidia is described as **Clavate/pyriform microconidia** with **Rat tail/ string bean** shaped macroconidia

Trichophyton Verrucosum

# Trichophyton What is the invasion the trichophyton verrucosum causes and doest it fluoresce

It causes **Ectothrix invasion** which **fluoresce** sa wood lamp

# Trichophyton describe the colony of trichophyton verrucosum

**Glabrous, folded white** like in appearance

# Trichophyton - Anthropophilic - Chronic non-inflammatory TINEA CORPORIS - Not invade hair

Trichophyton Concentricum

# Trichophyton This is much more specific type of corporis infection of Trichophyton concentricum

Tinea Imbricata

Describe the lab diagnosis of Trichophyton concetricum

* **slow growing deeply folded thallus**. o Parang nakafold yung mga colony nya * **Cream** to **orange brown** in color * Reverse → **Buff to brown**

Describe the morphology of Trichophyton concetricum under micrscope

**“ANTLER TIPS”** hyphae and **chlamydoconidia**

this is the lone fungi under epidermophyton

Epidermophyton Floccosum

# Epidermophyton - **Club shape** macroconidia - **Dutch pants fuseaux** like appearance - **Anthropophilic** - Does **not invade hair** in vivo. - Worldwide distribution

Epidermophyton Floccosum

Describe the micrscopic morphology of Epidermophyton Floccosum

* **Smooth thin-walled** macroconidia often clusters growing directly from hyphae * no microconidia * numerous chlamydoconidia

Describe the culture characteristic of Epidermophyton Floccosum

* **Greenish brown or “Khaki”** colored with *suede* like surface. * **Raised and folded surface** with flat periphery * Reverse → **White powdery w/ yellowish Brown Pigment**

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI What KOH concentration are used ff: 1. Skin, and hair sample 2. Nail

1. 10% 2. 70%

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI what culture medium are used and give the environmental growing consideration

Medium: Sabourauds agar or Mycosel (Dermatophyte test medium) - Room temp, for 2 weeks -

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI what is the specific and selective medium for dermatophyte?

Dermatophyte test medium

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI TOF Wood’s lamp (UVL: UV light) – to fluorescence

True | Specifically needed for microsporum

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI Which Microsporum spp will fluoresce under wood lamps Microsporum Canis or Gypseum

- Microsporum canis: Fluoresce - Microsporum gypseum: Will not fluoresce

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI what is the identification lab diagnositc used?

Identification in culture is **grossly** and **microscopic**

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI Enumerate the treatment

* **Local antifungal creams** – miconazole, tolnaftate, etc * **Oral antifungal reagents**– griseofulvin, ketoconazole

# LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI use this card to famillairize skin scraping specimen procedure

1. Wipe the skin with water. 2. Scrape the skin on the active edge. 3. Put it in the envelope or paper. 4. Submit it to the laboratory for preparation.

(2) Superficial, Cutaneous, & Subcutaneous Fungi Flashcards

(83 cards)