24: Conservation Biology

Question 1

List three ways that biodiversity is valuable.

Answer 1

1. Direct economic value
2. Indirect economic value
3. Aesthetic value

Question 2

The direct economic value of biodiversity lies in…

Answer 2

Harvestable resources

Question 3

List four ways that biodiversity has direct economic value.

Answer 3

1. Logging
2. Hunting
3. Fishing
4. Medicine

Question 4

Because natural resources are valuable to us, we should harvest them…

Answer 4

In such a way that allows us to harvest them again in the future

Question 5

Why should we avoid destruction of species that we are not currently harvesting?

Answer 5

They may become beneficial to us in the future

Question 6

When we are harvesting current resources, it is wise to avoid…

Answer 6

Unnecessary destruction of future resources

Question 7

The indirect economic value of biodiversity lies in…

Answer 7

The monetary value of intact resources

Question 8

List three ways that biodiversity has indirect economic value.

Answer 8

1. Water filtering
2. Weather buffering
3. Absorbing pollution

Question 9

Resources that have a(n) ____ economic value are essential to human society and expensive to replace when destroyed.

Answer 9

Indirect

Question 10

True or false:

In many cases, leaving an ecosystem intact has a higher monetary value than destructive extraction.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The economic impacts of ____ tends to benefit the entire society over a long period of time.

Answer 11

Intact ecosystems

Question 12

The economic impacts of ____ tends to greatly benefit a few people over a short period of time.

Answer 12

Destructive harvesting

Question 13

The ____ of biodiversity refers to its non-economic benefits.

Answer 13

Aesthetic

Question 14

List eight factors that influence extinction.

Answer 14

1. Habitat destruction
2. Pollution
3. Habitat disruption
4. Habitat fragmentation
5. Overexploitation
6. Invasive species
7. Disruption of ecosystem interactions
8. Small population size

Question 15

____ refers to the destruction of natural environments.

Answer 15

Habitat destruction

Question 16

Cutting down a forest is an example of…

Answer 16

Habitat destruction

Question 17

____ refers to the dissemination of harmful substances into the environment.

Answer 17

Pollution

Question 18

The harmful effects of DDT on bald eagle populations is an example of…

Answer 18

Pollution

Question 19

____ is nondestructive disturbance of an ecosystem that removes one or more populations.

Answer 19

Habitat disruption

Question 20

The effects of people visiting caves on bat hibernation is an example of…

Answer 20

Habitat disruption

Question 21

____ occurs when disconnected patches of habitat are created.

Answer 21

Habitat fragmentation

Question 22

Converting patches of forest to farmland is an example of…

Answer 22

Habitat fragmentation

Question 23

____ occurs when a species is harvested at a higher rate than it can reproduce.

Answer 23

Overexploitation

Question 24

____ thrive in new habitats because of a lack of natural predators, often at the expense of native species.

Answer 24

Invasive species

Question 25

____ occurs when some species' interactions are changed due to a change in the behavior or abundance of one species.

Answer 25

Disruption of ecosystem interactions

Question 26

The negative effects of whaling on kelp forests is an example of...

Answer 26

Disruption of ecosystem interactions

Question 27

____ can harm species because it makes the species vulnerable to catastrophes.

Answer 27

Small population size

Question 28

List three negative effects a small population size can have on a species.

Answer 28

1. Cannot recover from unusual events 2. May be difficult to find mates 3. May lack genetic variation

Question 29

The overexploitation of whales resulted in a(n) ____ in the abundance of zooplankton, the whales' primary food source.

Answer 29

Increase

Question 30

The increasing abundance of plankton resulted in a(n) ____ in pollock populations and a(n) ____ in herring/perch populations.

Answer 30

Increase ; decrease

Question 31

The decline in herring and perch populations resulted in a decline in...

Answer 31

Seals and sea lions

Question 32

The overexploitation of whales led to a new interaction between...

Answer 32

Orcas and sea otters

Question 33

As a result of orcas eating sea otters, the population of sea urchins...

Answer 33

Increased

Question 34

The increased abundance of sea urchins led to a reduction in...

Answer 34

The kelp forests

Question 35

The one factor that affects all other extinction factors is...

Answer 35

Human population growth

Question 36

Humans' intelligence and technology allows us to greatly impact the...

Answer 36

Biosphere

Question 37

List two ways in which humans can impact the biosphere.

Answer 37

1. We can extract resources at a much higher rate than any other species 2. We can spread across the globe

Question 38

As the human population grows, we...

Answer 38

Consume more resources

Question 39

Human populations located in ____ are growing especially quickly.

Answer 39

Biodiversity hotspots

Question 40

Biodiversity hotspots are often home to ____, which live in only one area and tend to have smaller population sizes.

Answer 40

Endemic species

Question 41

Humans can cause ____ due to the greenhouse effect.

Answer 41

Climate change

Question 42

The unchecked burning of fossil fuels was predicted to have a greenhouse effect as early as...

Answer 42

1896

Question 43

# True or false: Atmospheric carbon dioxide traps incoming light from the sun.

Answer 43

False Visible light wavelengths are too short for it to do that

Question 44

Atmospheric carbon dioxide absorbs the light energy emitted from the...

Answer 44

Earth

Question 45

# True or false: After CO2 molecules absorb energy, they must release it in order to become stable.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What happens to the heat energy released from CO2 molecules?

Answer 46

It can either be emitted into space or go back to the earth

Question 47

Carbon dioxide warms the atmosphere because...

Answer 47

Not all of Earth's heat energy is able to escape